In-Situ Alcohol Flushing of a DNAPL Source Zone at a Dry Cleaner Site

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (17) ◽  
pp. 3722-3729 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Jawitz ◽  
Randall K. Sillan ◽  
Michael D. Annable ◽  
P. Suresh C. Rao ◽  
Kevin Warner
Keyword(s):  
Source Zone ◽  
Alcohol Flushing

Field Study of In Situ Anaerobic Bioremediation of a Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (21) ◽  
pp. 6812-6819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Aulenta ◽  
Andrea Canosa ◽  
Michele Leccese ◽  
Marco Petrangeli Papini ◽  
Mauro Majone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Chlorinated Solvent ◽  
Anaerobic Bioremediation

scholarly journals Simultaneous Transformation of Commingled Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene, and 1,4-Dioxane by a Microbially Driven Fenton Reaction in Batch Liquid Cultures

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (21) ◽  
pp. 6335-6343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanan Sekar ◽  
Martial Taillefert ◽  
Thomas J. DiChristina
Keyword(s):  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Facultative Anaerobe ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Simultaneous Degradation

ABSTRACTImproper disposal of 1,4-dioxane and the chlorinated organic solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (also known as perchloroethylene [PCE]) has resulted in widespread contamination of soil and groundwater. In the present study, a previously designed microbially driven Fenton reaction system was reconfigured to generate hydroxyl (HO˙) radicals for simultaneous transformation of source zone levels of single, binary, and ternary mixtures of TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane. The reconfigured Fenton reaction system was driven by fed batch cultures of the Fe(III)-reducing facultative anaerobeShewanella oneidensisamended with lactate, Fe(III), and contaminants and exposed to alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions. To avoid contaminant loss due to volatility, the Fe(II)-generating, hydrogen peroxide-generating, and contaminant transformation phases of the microbially driven Fenton reaction system were separated. The reconfigured Fenton reaction system transformed TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane either as single contaminants or as binary and ternary mixtures. In the presence of equimolar concentrations of PCE and TCE, the ratio of the experimentally derived rates of PCE and TCE transformation was nearly identical to the ratio of the corresponding HO˙ radical reaction rate constants. The reconfigured Fenton reaction system may be applied as anex situplatform for simultaneous degradation of commingled TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane and provides valuable information for future development ofin situremediation technologies.IMPORTANCEA microbially driven Fenton reaction system [driven by the Fe(III)-reducing facultative anaerobeS. oneidensis] was reconfigured to transform source zone levels of TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane as single contaminants or as binary and ternary mixtures. The microbially driven Fenton reaction may thus be applied as anex situplatform for simultaneous degradation of at least three (and potentially more) commingled contaminants. Additional targets forex situandin situdegradation by the microbially driven Fenton reaction developed in the present study include multiple combinations of environmental contaminants susceptible to attack by Fenton reaction-generated HO˙ radicals, including commingled plumes of 1,4-dioxane, pentachlorophenol (PCP), PCE, TCE, 1,1,2-trichloroethane (TCA), and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS).

A Modified Approach for in Situ Chemical Oxidation Coupled to Biodegradation Enhances Light Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Source-Zone Remediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele Fedrizzi ◽  
Débora T. Ramos ◽  
Helen S. C. Lazzarin ◽  
Marilda Fernandes ◽  
Catherine Larose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Nonaqueous Phase Liquid ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Liquid Source ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Light Nonaqueous Phase Liquid

Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer T. Kingston ◽  
Paul R. Dahlen ◽  
Paul C. Johnson ◽  
Eric Foote ◽  
Shane Williams
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Treatment Technologies

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical Model Supporting the Remediation Strategy of a Highly Contaminated Industrial Site

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Ciampi ◽  
Carlo Esposito ◽  
Marco Petrangeli Papini
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Remediation Strategy

Delineation and understanding the geology and the hydrogeology of a contaminated site, considering its chemical and its biological aspects, are fundamental requirements for successful environmental remediation. The aim of this research is to provide some evidence about the effectiveness of a hydrogeochemical geodatabase to facilitate the integrated management, representation and analysis of heterogeneous data, enabling the appropriate selection, design and optimization of an effective remediation strategy. This study investigates a new technology for the remediation of a dense non-aqueous phase liquid aged source zone, with the aim of enhancing in situ bioremediation by coupling groundwater circulation wells with a continuous production system of electron donors. The technology was verified through a pilot test carried out at an industrial site highly contaminated by chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons. The multidisciplinary conceptual model confirmed a complex hydrogeological situation, with the occurrence of active residual sources in low permeability layers. The pilot test results clearly demonstrate a significant mobilization of contaminants from the low permeability zone, and the possibility of favoring the in situ natural attenuation mechanisms based upon biological reductive dechlorination. Different information related to the hydrogeochemical sphere must be integrated and taken into consideration when developing a reliable remediation strategy for contaminated sites.

A Long-Term Field Study of In Situ Bioremediation in a Fractured Conglomerate Trichloroethene Source Zone

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew F. Verce ◽  
Victor M. Madrid ◽  
Steven D. Gregory ◽  
Zafer Demir ◽  
Michael J. Singleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
In Situ Bioremediation ◽  
Term Field

In situ source zone sediment mixing coupled to groundwater biostimulation to enhance phenol natural attenuation

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Luis Busi da Silva ◽  
Marcos Felipe Wendt ◽  
José Carlos Silveira de Oliveira ◽  
Marcio Roberto Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Background Concentrations ◽  
Plume Migration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sediment Mixing ◽  
Remediation Time

Phenol is an industrially key compound that has a wide range of applications and also one of the most commonly found toxic pollutants in wastewaters and groundwater. This paper demonstrates the applicability of in situ remediation at a deactivated industrial site using source zone excavation and sediment mixing associated with nutrients delivery into groundwater. Sediment excavation and mixing displaced the entrapped source zone enhancing mass transfer into groundwater and contaminant bioavailability. A nutrient solution prepared with nitrate, phosphate, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide was continuously delivered into groundwater to stimulate biodegradation and restrict plume migration. The observed correlation between phenol-dependent Enterobacteriaceae concentrations throughout the remediation time frame supported circumstantial evidence of biodegradation. Phenol concentration in groundwater (up to 1,300 mg/L) was reduced >99% after 5 months following remediation and remained under the established site specific target level (4 mg/L). Nitrate and phosphate concentrations returned to background concentrations levels at the end of the remediation. Overall, the proposed in situ remediation scheme was effective to remediate this particular aquifer contaminated with phenol for over 20 years.

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) recovery under a building with an in situ technology using micellar solutions

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 932-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Martel ◽  
Stéfan Foy ◽  
Laurent Saumure ◽  
Annie Roy ◽  
René Lefebvre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Aroclor 1248

This paper presents laboratory studies, numerical modelling, and a soil washing field test as a remedial technology for mass reduction in a source zone of soil contaminated with the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor 1248 beneath an industrial building. Due to its high viscosity, the Aroclor 1248 is almost immobile in soils at this site. The objective was therefore to select products capable of dissolving the Aroclor in situ. In the laboratory phase, two surfactants and three alcohols were selected using 52 distinct phase diagrams. Alcohols and surfactants used either alone or in combination were tested in sand columns with contaminated soil from the site. The washing solution used in the field test was composed of an anionic surfactant (Nansa HS 85 S, a dodecylbenzene sulfonate) and an alcohol (n-butanol). In laboratory trials, this solution recovered 99% of initial PCBs by dissolution after the injection of 10 pore volumes of solution. During the field test, however, recovery rates reached only 25%. Low recovery can be explained by the presence of a surfactant in the soil prior to the experiment. This surfactant spilled accidentally within the ongoing production activity of the factory was similar to that injected in the experimental cell. It modified the ratio of alcohol to surfactant of the injected washing solution in the soil and caused the formation of a viscous gel, which partially plugged the porous media. Phase diagrams and sand column tests performed with the recovered viscous gel led to the selection of an alcohol (ethanol) that is able to dissolve the gel and recover 99% of the initial PCBs contained in the contaminated soil by dissolution, following the injection of three pore volumes of solution. These laboratory tests showed that in situ flushing technology using micellar and (or) alcohol solutions can potentially be used to reduce the mass of PCB in the source zone, but the application of in situ technologies at industrial facilities is difficult to control because of the risk of presence of other chemicals that might interfere and concrete and other buried structures that might alter the flow behavior.Key words: soil washing, surfactant, alcohol, PCB, in situ technology, porous media clogging.

scholarly journals Use of Silicate Minerals for pH Control during Reductive Dechlorination of Chloroethenes in Batch Cultures of Different Microbial Consortia

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (13) ◽  
pp. 3858-3867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Lacroix ◽  
Alessandro Brovelli ◽  
D. A. Barry ◽  
Christof Holliger
Keyword(s):  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Silicate Mineral ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Silicate Minerals ◽  
Ph Buffering ◽  
Mineral Particles

ABSTRACTIn chloroethene-contaminated sites undergoingin situbioremediation, groundwater acidification is a frequent problem in the source zone, and buffering strategies have to be implemented to maintain the pH in the neutral range. An alternative to conventional soluble buffers is silicate mineral particles as a long-term source of alkalinity. In previous studies, the buffering potentials of these minerals have been evaluated based on abiotic dissolution tests and geochemical modeling. In the present study, the buffering potentials of four silicate minerals (andradite, diopside, fayalite, and forsterite) were tested in batch cultures amended with tetrachloroethene (PCE) and inoculated with different organohalide-respiring consortia. Another objective of this study was to determine the influence of pH on the different steps of PCE dechlorination. The consortia showed significant differences in sensitivities toward acidic pH for the different dechlorination steps. Molecular analysis indicated thatDehalococcoidesspp. that were present in all consortia were the most pH-sensitive organohalide-respiring guild members compared toSulfurospirillumspp. andDehalobacterspp. In batch cultures with silicate mineral particles as pH-buffering agents, all four minerals tested were able to maintain the pH in the appropriate range for reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes. However, complete dechlorination to ethene was observed only with forsterite, diopside, and fayalite. Dissolution of andradite increased the redox potential and did not allow dechlorination. With forsterite, diopside, and fayalite, dechlorination to ethene was observed but at much lower rates for the last two dechlorination steps than with the positive control. This indicated an inhibition effect of silicate minerals and/or their dissolution products on reductive dechlorination ofcis-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride. Hence, despite the proven pH-buffering potential of silicate minerals, compatibility with the bacterial community involved inin situbioremediation has to be carefully evaluated prior to their use for pH control at a specific site.

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