In situ source zone sediment mixing coupled to groundwater biostimulation to enhance phenol natural attenuation

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Luis Busi da Silva ◽  
Marcos Felipe Wendt ◽  
José Carlos Silveira de Oliveira ◽  
Marcio Roberto Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Background Concentrations ◽  
Plume Migration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sediment Mixing ◽  
Remediation Time

Phenol is an industrially key compound that has a wide range of applications and also one of the most commonly found toxic pollutants in wastewaters and groundwater. This paper demonstrates the applicability of in situ remediation at a deactivated industrial site using source zone excavation and sediment mixing associated with nutrients delivery into groundwater. Sediment excavation and mixing displaced the entrapped source zone enhancing mass transfer into groundwater and contaminant bioavailability. A nutrient solution prepared with nitrate, phosphate, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide was continuously delivered into groundwater to stimulate biodegradation and restrict plume migration. The observed correlation between phenol-dependent Enterobacteriaceae concentrations throughout the remediation time frame supported circumstantial evidence of biodegradation. Phenol concentration in groundwater (up to 1,300 mg/L) was reduced >99% after 5 months following remediation and remained under the established site specific target level (4 mg/L). Nitrate and phosphate concentrations returned to background concentrations levels at the end of the remediation. Overall, the proposed in situ remediation scheme was effective to remediate this particular aquifer contaminated with phenol for over 20 years.

In situ multiphase fluidization ("upflow washing") for the remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated sands

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 938-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K Niven ◽  
Nasser Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Pump And Treat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Regime Map

A new in situ remediation method is described, "upflow washing," in which contaminants are flushed to the surface within an in situ fluidized zone produced by a jet inserted into a granular formation. The suitability of the method for LNAPL (light non-aqueous phase liquid) remediation is examined by experiments on diesel-contaminated soils within column and tank settings. The experiments indicate significant reductions in diesel levels (96-99.9%) may be achieved by fluidization with water and gas (gas-liquid upflow washing, GLUW) for a wide range of initial diesel concentrations (10 000 to 150 000 mg/kg) and for soil fines contents of 0 to at least 10%. Final diesel levels of <1000 mg/kg in a uniform fine sand and <200 mg/kg in clayey sands can be achieved. The efficiency is much higher than that of fixed bed flushing (simulated pump-and-treat), as the method overcomes the trapping of NAPL ganglia. Fludization with water alone (liquid upflow washing, LUW) is less effective than fixed bed flushing in the uniform sand, but approaches that of GLUW in clayey and silty sands. The results are explained by theoretical analysis of the removability of isolated NAPL droplets and mixed solid - NAPL particles from a fluidized bed due to buoyancy and elutriation, which may be represented using a "removability regime map" for the diesel-water-sand system.Key words: fluidization, in situ, remediation, NAPL, diesel.

A Design of Continuous and Universal In Situ Remediation Appliance of Soil Combines

2013 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Yi Fang Li ◽  
Cheng Gong ◽  
Wen Qiang Wang ◽  
You Fang Li ◽  
Zi Feng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Remediation Technology ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Program Selection ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Remediation Time

Continuous and universal in-situ remediation appliance of soil combines taking soil, transmission and restoration of soil, which can achieve the in-situ remediation continuously and avoid the drawback of massive labor power and material resources using domestic soil ex-situ remediation device. The appliance supports many kinds of soil remediation technology, realizing the function of universal technology. And as for the area with serious pollution, various technology combinations can be selected to extend its function. The motion of specific remediation device in the appliance utilizes the single-chip controlling technology, controlling the remediation time interval of different technology. The program selection with various remediation technologies can be finished with buttons. Single-chip controlling system responds quickly, runs stably and precisely controls the remediation device.

In-situ electrical-resistivity measurements in the high-voltage electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
W. E. King
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Helium Gas

A side-entry type, helium-temperature specimen stage that has the capability of in-situ electrical-resistivity measurements has been designed and developed for use in the AEI-EM7 1200-kV electron microscope at Argonne National Laboratory. The electrical-resistivity measurements complement the high-voltage electron microscope (HVEM) to yield a unique opportunity to investigate defect production in metals by electron irradiation over a wide range of defect concentrations.A flow cryostat that uses helium gas as a coolant is employed to attain and maintain any specified temperature between 10 and 300 K. The helium gas coolant eliminates the vibrations that arise from boiling liquid helium and the temperature instabilities due to alternating heat-transfer mechanisms in the two-phase temperature regime (4.215 K). Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the liquid/gaseous helium transfer system. A liquid-gas mixture can be used for fast cooldown. The cold tip of the transfer tube is inserted coincident with the tilt axis of the specimen stage, and the end of the coolant flow tube is positioned without contact within the heat exchanger of the copper specimen block (Fig. 2).

Site specific agricultural soil management with the use of new technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Variation ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Areas

<p>The Soil Science Institute of Thessaloniki produces new digitized Soil Maps that provide a useful electronic database for the spatial representation of the soil variation within a region, based on in situ soil sampling, laboratory analyses, GIS techniques and plant nutrition mathematical models, coupled with the local land cadastre. The novelty of these studies is that local agronomists have immediate access to a wide range of soil information by clicking on a field parcel shown in this digital interface and, therefore, can suggest an appropriate treatment (e.g. liming, manure incorporation, desalination, application of proper type and quantity of fertilizer) depending on the field conditions and cultivated crops. A specific case study is presented in the current work with regards to the construction of the digitized Soil Map of the regional unit of Kastoria. The potential of this map can easily be realized by the fact that the mapping of the physicochemical properties of the soils in this region provided delineation zones for differential fertilization management. An experiment was also conducted using remote sensing techniques for the enhancement of the fertilization advisory software database, which is a component of the digitized map, and the optimization of nitrogen management in agricultural areas.</p>

Development of Simulators for In Situ Remediation Evaluation, Design, and Operation

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Dortch ◽  
Christian J. McGrath ◽  
John J. Nitao ◽  
Mark A. Widdowson ◽  
Steve Yabusaki
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Evaluation Design

In Situ Remediation of Explosives Contaminated Ground-Water with Sequential Reactive Treatment Zones

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Tratnyek ◽  
Richard L. Johnson ◽  
Timothy L. Johnson ◽  
Rosemarie Miehr
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
In Situ Remediation
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