Atmospheric Pb Deposition since the Industrial Revolution Recorded by Five Swiss Peat Profiles:  Enrichment Factors, Fluxes, Isotopic Composition, and Sources

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1340-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Weiss ◽  
William Shotyk ◽  
Peter G. Appleby ◽  
Jan D. Kramers ◽  
Andriy K. Cheburkin
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Enrichment Factors

scholarly journals Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 3967-3973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Gabrielli ◽  
Anna Wegner ◽  
M. Roxana Sierra-Hernández ◽  
Emilie Beaudon ◽  
Mary Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals

Because few ice core records from the Himalayas exist, understanding of the onset and timing of the human impact on the atmosphere of the “roof of the world” remains poorly constrained. We report a continuous 500-y trace metal ice core record from the Dasuopu glacier (7,200 m, central Himalayas), the highest drilling site on Earth. We show that an early contamination from toxic trace metals, particularly Cd, Cr, Mo, Ni, Sb, and Zn, emerged at high elevation in the Himalayas at the onset of the European Industrial Revolution (∼1780 AD). This was amplified by the intensification of the snow accumulation (+50% at Dasuopu) likely linked to the meridional displacement of the winter westerlies from 1810 until 1880 AD. During this period, the flux and crustal enrichment factors of the toxic trace metals were augmented by factors of 2 to 4 and 2 to 6, respectively. We suggest this contamination was the consequence of the long-range transport and wet deposition of fly ash from the combustion of coal (likely from Western Europe where it was almost entirely produced and used during the 19th century) with a possible contribution from the synchronous increase in biomass burning emissions from deforestation in the Northern Hemisphere. The snow accumulation decreased and dry winters were reestablished in Dasuopu after 1880 AD when lower than expected toxic metal levels were recorded. This indicates that contamination on the top of the Himalayas depended primarily on multidecadal changes in atmospheric circulation and secondarily on variations in emission sources during the last 200 y.

New Peat Bog Record of Atmospheric Lead Pollution in Switzerland:  Pb Concentrations, Enrichment Factors, Isotopic Composition, and Organolead Species

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (18) ◽  
pp. 3893-3900 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Shotyk ◽  
D. Weiss ◽  
M. Heisterkamp ◽  
A. K. Cheburkin ◽  
P. G. Appleby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Lead Pollution ◽  
Atmospheric Lead Pollution

Energy, transport, and consumption in the Industrial Revolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Tainter ◽  
Temis G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Underlying Assumption

Abstract We question Baumard's underlying assumption that humans have a propensity to innovate. Affordable transportation and energy underpinned the Industrial Revolution, making mass production/consumption possible. Although we cannot accept Baumard's thesis on the Industrial Revolution, it may help explain why complexity and innovation increase rapidly in the context of abundant energy.

The Industrial Revolution in Japan

1896 ◽  
Vol 41 (1054supp) ◽  
pp. 16840-16842
Author(s):  
William Eleroy Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution
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