Blue tetrazolium reduction by whole tobacco smoke and gas-phase components

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miasnig Hagopian
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Tetrazolium Reduction

In Vitro Effect of Tobacco Smoke Components on the Functions of Normal Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-655
Author(s):  
Joël Corberand ◽  
Patrick Laharrague ◽  
Françoise Nguyen ◽  
Guy Dutau ◽  
Anne Marie Fontanilles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium

The function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) has previously been shown to be impaired in smokers in comparison with healthy nonsmokers. Potent inhibition of PMN chemotaxis has been achieved with whole tobacco smoke, the gas phase of smoke, and a water-soluble extract of whole smoke. In the present work several aspects of PMN function were studied after exposure to water-soluble fraction of the particle phase of tobacco smoke collected on glass fiber filters. These tests included capillary tube random migration, chemotaxis under agarose, phagocytosis of yeasts, Nitro Blue Tetrazolium dye reduction, and whole-blood bactericidal activity. The water extract of the particle fraction of smoke had a high content of nicotine when compared with the levels achieved in plasma of smokers and a much lower concentration of aldehydes when compared with the gas phase of smoke. It had no cytotoxic effect and did not affect phagocytosis, oxygen consumption, or bactericidal activity. Nitro Blue Tetrazolium reduction of both resting and stimulated PMNs was significantly decreased only with the most concentrated solution. The tested solutions exerted a dose-related depressive effect on capillary tube random migration, whereas the random migration measured in the agarose chemotaxis test was normal. Nevertheless, the chemotactic response to a caseine solution was significantly decreased. The same tests were performed in the presence of several concentrations of a nicotine solution and the only test to be affected was the capillary tube random migration, and, that only at a very high concentration. The results of this study contribute to the more precise delineation of the extent of the dysfunction of PMNs exposed to tobacco smoke components and indicate that deleterious products are released from the particle phase of the smoke, which deposits all along the respiratory tree.

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Selected Gas Phase Carbonyls in Tobacco Smoke

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Delmar L Manning ◽  
Michael P Maskarinec ◽  
Roger A Jenkins ◽  
Amos H Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Derivatizing Reagent ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract Low molecular weight gas phase carbonyls in tobacco smoke are separated as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones and determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. A trapping procedure is used whereby the gas phase carbonyls are reacted with the derivatizing reagent in a closed system. The deliveries of acetaldehyde and acrolein are compared with published data. In addition, propionaldehyde and acetone deliveries of selected cigarettes are reported.

Ultrastructure and sites of tetranitro-blue tetrazolium reduction of Lactobacillus casei

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Brown ◽  
Mercedes R. Edwards ◽  
Paul J. VanDemark
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Reduction Product ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
Tetrazolium Reduction

Cells of two strains of Lactobacillus casei incubated for 2–10 h in the presence of tetranitro-blue tetrazolium (TNBT) and mannitol were studied in electron micrographs of ultrathin sections. The reduction product tetranitro-blue diformazan (TNBF) was found to be predominantly associated with the plasma membrane and its derivatives. Untreated cells (normal control), as well as cells incubated with mannitol in absence of TNBT (dye control), or with omission of mannitol (substrate control) displayed ultrastructural characteristics, in general, similar to those previously reported for other Gram-positive bacilli, particularly Lactobacillus species.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MENADIONE AND PHENAZINE METHOSULFATE ON THE TETRAZOLIUM REDUCTION SYSTEM UNDER HISTOCHEMICAL CONDITIONS

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 797-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. HASHIMOTO ◽  
J. S. KALUZA ◽  
M. S. BURSTONE
Keyword(s):  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Soluble Factor ◽  
Phenazine Methosulfate ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Hydrogen Acceptor ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Isocitric Dehydrogenase ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Tetrazolium Reduction

The influence of phenazine methosulfate and menadione on the activity of DPNH- and TPNH-tetrazolium reductase, succinic, lactic, and triphosphopyridine nucleotide-linked isocitric dehydrogenase were studied with reference to applied histochemistry. Fresh frozen sections of various tissues were employed in conjunction with nitro blue tetrazolium as the hydrogen acceptor. Phenazine methosulfate was found to produce a variable effect upon staining, enhancing it or suppressing it according to incubation conditions. Suppression was most pronounced with higher concentrations. Menadione had no suppressive influence and was useful in increasing tetrazolium reduction. Its usefulness is, however, limited unless a soluble factor, possibly DT-(DPNH-TPNH)-diaphorase, can be prevented from diffusing into the medium, and "nothing dehydrogenase" is selectively inactivated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document