scholarly journals Selective Chlorination of Natural Organic Matter: Identification of Previously Unknown Disinfection Byproducts

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 2264-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin E. Lavonen ◽  
Michael Gonsior ◽  
Lars J. Tranvik ◽  
Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin ◽  
Stephan J. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Selective Chlorination

scholarly journals Chloramination of iopamidol- and bromide-spiked waters containing natural organic matter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Osei B. Ackerson ◽  
Hannah K. Liberatore ◽  
Susan D. Richardson ◽  
Michael J. Plewa ◽  
Thomas A. Ternes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Organic Halogen ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Total Organic Halogen ◽  
Organic Chlorine

Abstract Iopamidol (an iodinated x-ray contrast media) and bromide are precursors in the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The interactions of these precursors are vital to elucidate the formation of halogenated DBPs during chloramination. This work investigated the formation of total organic halogen and select individual DBPs in two laboratory-chloraminated source waters (SWs) containing iopamidol and bromide. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors containing Barberton SW (BSW) and Cleveland SW (CSW), spiked with iopamidol (5 μM), bromide (15 μM), and 100 μM monochloramine. Total organic iodine concentrations were approximately equal regardless of SW since they are mostly unreacted iopamidol and iopamidol DBPs. Almost equal amount of total organic chlorine (3–4 nM) was produced in the SWs but higher quantities of total organic bromine were formed in BSW than CSW. Substantial quantities of regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) were formed in the SWs, along with appreciable concentrations of iodinated trihalomethanes (CHBrClI, CHCl2I, and CHBr2I). Low concentrations of iodo-HAAs were detected, especially at low pH. Overall, bromide concentrations appeared to suppress iodo-DBP formation during chloramination of iopamidol in the presence of natural organic matter. A good correlation (R2 = 0.801) between the yields of regulated DBPs and iodo-DBPs was observed.

Natural Organic Matter Adsorption onto Granular Activated Carbons: Implications in the Molecular Weight and Disinfection Byproducts Formation

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (20) ◽  
pp. 7868-7876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unai Iriarte-Velasco ◽  
Jon I. Álvarez-Uriarte ◽  
Noemí Chimeno-Alanís ◽  
Juan R. González-Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts

scholarly journals Removal of natural organic matter from groundwater using fenton’s process

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Fenton's Process

Groundwater in the area of eastern Croatia contains increased concentrations of organic compounds, primarily natural organic matter (NOM). Organic compounds in water become a problem in drinking water treatment, especially during water disinfection with chlorine, when harmful disinfection by-products like trihalomethanes appear. Therefore, the removal of disinfection byproducts (DBP) precursors gains high importance. This paper deals with the efficiency of NOM removal from groundwater by the Fenton’s process and its influence on trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). In this research performance of Fenton process at conditions close to conditions of natural groundwater was investigated. pH value was not decreased under 4.5 and attempt was done to perform Fenton’s process at natural iron concentration in groundwater of town Osijek area. Once optimized, process achieved about 50 % removal of TOC (2.5 mM H2O2; 0.1 mM Fe2+; pH 4.5) and decrease of THMFP (A254/A203) for about 70 % (5 mM H2O2; 0.1 mM Fe2+; pH 4.5). Under adequate conditions Fenton process could be successfully used for the removal of organic contaminants from groundwater.

scholarly journals Natural organic matter as precursor to disinfection byproducts and its removal using conventional and advanced processes: state of the art review

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surbhi Tak ◽  
Bhanu Prakash Vellanki
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Current Water

Abstract Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and if present can cause varied drinking water quality issues, the major one being disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. Trihalomethanes (THMs) are major classes of DBP that are formed during chlorination of NOM. The best way to remove DBPs is to target the precursors (NOM) directly. The main aim of this review is to study conventional as well as advanced ways of treating NOM, with a broad focus on NOM removal using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and biofiltration. The first part of the paper focuses on THM formation and removal using conventional processes and the second part focuses on the studies carried out during the years 2000–2018, specifically on NOM removal using AOPs and AOP-biofiltration. Considering the proven carcinogenic nature of THMs and their diverse health effects, it becomes important for any drinking water treatment industry to ameliorate the current water treatment practices and focus on techniques like AOP or synergy of AOP-biofiltration which showed up to 50–60% NOM reduction. The use of AOP alone provides a cost barrier which can be compensated by the use of biofiltration along with AOP with low energy inputs, making it a techno-economically feasible option for NOM removal.

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