Prediction of the Sorption of Organic Compounds into Soil Organic Matter from Molecular Structure

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (22) ◽  
pp. 7005-7011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Schüürmann ◽  
Ralf-Uwe Ebert ◽  
Ralph Kühne
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Compounds

scholarly journals Fire effects in the molecular structure of soil organic matter fractions under Quercus suber cover

CATENA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 266-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo ◽  
José M. de la Rosa ◽  
Derek Waggoner ◽  
Gonzalo Almendros ◽  
Francisco J. González-Vila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Fractions ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

Spatial Arrangement of Organic Compounds on a Model Mineral Surface: Implications for Soil Organic Matter Stabilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loukas Petridis ◽  
Haile Ambaye ◽  
Sindhu Jagadamma ◽  
S. Michael Kilbey ◽  
Bradley S. Lokitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Mineral Surface ◽  
Organic Matter Stabilization

scholarly journals Organic nitrogen storage in mineral soil: implications for policy and management

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 587-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Bingham ◽  
M. F. Cotrufo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Nitrogen Saturation ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Chemical Complexity ◽  
Long Term Storage

Abstract. Nitrogen is one of the most important ecosystem nutrients and often its availability limits net primary production as well as stabilization of soil organic matter. The long-term storage of nitrogen-containing organic matter in soils was classically attributed to chemical complexity of plant and microbial residues that retarded microbial degradation. Recent advances have revised this framework, with the understanding that persistent soil organic matter consists largely of chemically labile, microbially processed organic compounds. Chemical bonding to minerals and physical protection in aggregates are more important to long-term (i.e., centuries to millennia) preservation of these organic compounds that contain the bulk of soil nitrogen rather than molecular complexity, with the exception of nitrogen in pyrogenic organic matter. This review examines the factors and mechanisms that influence the long-term sequestration of organic nitrogen in mineral soils. It examines the policy and management implications which stem from this newly accepted paradigm, such as critical loads considerations and nitrogen saturation and mitigation consequences. Finally, it emphasizes how essential it is for this important but underappreciated pool to be better quantified and incorporated into policy and management decisions.

Carbon and nitrogen molecular composition of soil organic matter fractions resistant to oxidation

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 809
Author(s):  
Katherine Heckman ◽  
Dorisel Torres ◽  
Christopher Swanston ◽  
Johannes Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Mean Residence Time ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Soil Morphology ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Photo Oxidation

The methods used to isolate and characterise pyrogenic organic carbon (PyC) from soils vary widely, and there is little agreement in the literature as to which method truly isolates the most chemically recalcitrant (inferred from oxidative resistance) and persistent (inferred from radiocarbon abundance) fraction of soil organic matter. In addition, the roles of fire, fuel type and soil morphology in the preservation of PyC are not yet defined. In an attempt to elucidate the importance of oxidative recalcitrance, fuel type and soil morphology to the persistence of soil organic matter, we examined two strongly contrasting soils using a variety of PyC isolation techniques coupled with quantifications of the molecular structure and mean residence time of the isolated organic materials. Surface and subsurface soil samples were examined from a Red Chromosol soil and a Black Vertosol soil. The δ13C values suggest that PyC in the Red Chromosol was sourced from eucalyptus, whereas PyC in the Black Vertosol was formed from grass. Soils were sieved at 53µm, treated with hydrofluoric acid to remove organics associated with mineral surfaces, then subjected to three common ‘PyC isolation’ treatments: chromic acid, photo-oxidation and chromic acid followed by photo-oxidation. Molecular structure of the organic residues remaining after each treatment was quantified by solid-state 13C cross polarisation magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and the mean residence time of the organic residues was estimated based on radiocarbon abundance. In all cases, treatment with chromic acid followed by photo-oxidation isolated the smallest proportion of organic matter (5–10% of <53µm C) which also had the longest mean residence time (estimated 600–3460 years). Additionally, molecular structure measurements indicated that this fraction was not composed solely of aromatic compounds, suggesting a non-homogenous source for the most oxidative-resistant fraction of soil organic matter.

Sorption of anthropogenic organic compounds by soil organic matter: a mechanistic consideration

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoshan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Subsurface Environments ◽  
Desorption Hysteresis ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms

Sorption experiments with apolar organic compounds (naphthalene and 1,2-dichorobenzene) were conducted to evaluate sorption mechanisms in soil organic matter (SOM). All isotherms were nonlinear and competition between solutes was observed. Nonlinearity and competition increased in an order of peat humic acid (HA) < peat < peat humin. Isotherms of Al-saturated HA (Al-HA) were more nonlinear than untreated HA and Ca-HA, and sorption/desorption hysteresis occurred only in Al-HA. These results are not consistent with partitioning theory or the presence of high-surface-area carbonaceous materials (HSACM) in soil. But the results are consistent with dual-mode sorption, where SOM is postulated to have both condensed (rigid) and expanded (flexible) domains, and adsorption takes place only in the condensed domains and partitioning in both domains. These non-ideal sorptive behaviors need to be incorporated into predictive models to more accurately describe the fate and transport of organics in soil and subsurface environments. Key words: sorption, organic compounds, organic matter, dual-mode, partition, mechanisms

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