Prediction of Sulfur Content, API Gravity, and Viscosity Using a Continuous Mixture Kinetic Model for Maya Crude Oil Hydrocracking in a Slurry-Phase Reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 3605-3614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector J. Martinez-Grimaldo ◽  
Juan C. Chavarria-Hernandez ◽  
Jorge Ramirez ◽  
Rogelio Cuevas ◽  
Hugo Ortiz-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Slurry Phase ◽  
Continuous Mixture

Study of the Effect of Crude Oils on the Metallic Corrosion

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Suresh Aluvihara ◽  
Jagath K Premachandra
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Ferrous Metals

Corrosion is a severe matter regarding the most of metal using industries such as the crude oil refining. The formation of the oxides, sulfides or hydroxides on the surface of metal due to the chemical reaction between metals and surrounding is the corrosion that  highly depended on the corrosive properties of crude oil as well as the chemical composition of ferrous metals since it was expected to investigate the effect of Murban and Das blend crude oils on the rate of corrosion of seven different ferrous metals which are used in the crude oil refining industry and investigate the change in hardness of metals. The sulfur content, acidity and salt content of each crude oil were determined. A series of similar pieces of seven different types of ferrous metals were immersed in each crude oil separately and their rates of corrosion were determined by using their relative weight loss after 15, 30 and 45 days. The corroded metal surfaces were observed under the microscope. The hardness of each metal piece was tested before the immersion in crude oil and after the corrosion with the aid of Vicker’s hardness tester. The metallic concentrations of each crude oil sample were tested using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The Das blend crude oil contained higher sulfur content and acidity than Murban crude oil. Carbon steel metal pieces showed the highest corrosion rates whereas the stainless steel metal pieces showed the least corrosion rates in both crude oils since that found significant Fe and Cu concentrations from some of crude oil samples. The mild steel and the Monel showed relatively intermediate corrosion rates compared to the other types of ferrous metal pieces in both crude oils. There was a slight decrease in the initial hardness of all the ferrous metal pieces due to corrosion.

Hydrocracking of Maya crude oil in a slurry-phase reactor. I. Effect of reaction temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 220-222 ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Martinez-Grimaldo ◽  
Hugo Ortiz-Moreno ◽  
F. Sanchez-Minero ◽  
Jorge Ramírez ◽  
Rogelio Cuevas-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Slurry Phase

scholarly journals Impact of bitumen composition on empirical properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04038
Author(s):  
Eva Remišová ◽  
Michal Holý
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Vacuum Distillation ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distillation Residue ◽  
Heavy Fractions ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Vacuum Distillation Residue

In recent years, there has been a further development of refining technology, which make it possible to better use of crude oil, which also has a major impact on the quality of bitumen. Most European refineries, of course, are processing, for reasons of the resale of petroleum products, especially petroleums suitable for the recovery of light and middle fractions. Therefore, light petroleums are required, with low yields of heavy fractions, which are highly economically and in dispositions efficient for processors on the petroleum market. Emphasis is placed on the sulfur content, the paraffin content is no longer the most important aspect. Less important from the perspective of the refinery is the content and the ratio of asphaltenes and maltenes. There is no doubt that we will have to change our view on petroleum products. Their availability will continue to decline, their price, on the other hand, is likely to grow in relation to falling supplies of resources. Therefore, the view of the bitumen must be changed. The most common way of production of PG bitumen is vacuum distillation, which is carried out in such a way that the vacuum distillation residue satisfies it´s properties bitumen requirements for the relevant penetration.

Kinetics of Wet In-Situ Combustion: A Review of Kinetic Models

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Cavanzo ◽  
S. F. Muñoz ◽  
A.. Ordoñez ◽  
H.. Bottia
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Combustion Front ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
In Situ Combustion ◽  
Temperature Oxidation

Abstract In Situ Combustion is an enhanced oil recovery method which consists on injecting air to the reservoir, generating a series of oxidation reactions at different temperature ranges by chemical interaction between oil and oxygen, the high temperature oxidation reactions are highly exothermic; the oxygen reacts with a coke like material formed by thermal cracking, they are responsible of generating the heat necessary to sustain and propagate the combustion front, sweeping the heavy oil and upgrading it due to the high temperatures. Wet in situ combustion is variant of the process, in which water is injected simultaneously or alternated with air, taking advantage of its high heat capacity, so the steam can transport heat more efficiently forward the combustion front due to the latent heat of vaporization. A representative model of the in situ combustion process is constituted by a static model, a dynamic model and a kinetic model. The kinetic model represents the oxidative behavior and the compositional changes of the crude oil; it is integrated by the most representative reactions of the process and the corresponding kinetic parameters of each reaction. Frequently, the kinetic model for a dry combustion process has Low Temperature Oxidation reactions (LTO), thermal cracking reactions and the combustion reaction. For the case of wet combustion, additional aquathermolysis reactions take place. This article presents a full review of the kinetic models of the wet in situ combustion process taking into account aquathermolysis reactions. These are hydrogen addition reactions due to the chemical interaction between crude oil and steam. The mechanism begins with desulphurization reactions and subsequent decarboxylation reactions, which are responsible of carbon monoxide production, which reacts with steam producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen; this is the water and gas shift reaction. Finally, during hydrocracking and hydrodesulphurization reactions, hydrogen sulfide is generated and the crude oil is upgraded. An additional upgrading mechanism during the wet in situ combustion process can be explained by the aquathermolysis theory, also hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen production can be estimated by a suitable kinetic model that takes into account the most representative reactions involved during the combustion process.

A kinetic model for thermally induced hydrogen and carbon isotope fractionation of individual n-alkanes in crude oil

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (18) ◽  
pp. 4505-4520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongchun Tang ◽  
Yongsong Huang ◽  
Geoffrey S. Ellis ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Paul G. Kralert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Carbon Isotope Fractionation

Bioremediation of Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Slurry-Phase Biological Treatment and Land Farming Techniques

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Kuyukina ◽  
Irena B. Ivshina ◽  
Marina I. Ritchkova ◽  
James C. Philp ◽  
Colin J. Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Slurry Phase ◽  
Land Farming
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