Differences in the Aging of Allyl Alcohol, Acrylic Acid, Allylamine, and Octa-1,7-diene Plasma Polymers As Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2664-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Whittle ◽  
R. D. Short ◽  
C. W. I. Douglas ◽  
J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Allyl Alcohol ◽  
Plasma Polymers ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Structure of Plasma (re)Polymerized Polylactic Acid Films Fabricated by Plasma-Assisted Vapour Thermal Deposition

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Krtouš ◽  
Lenka Hanyková ◽  
Ivan Krakovský ◽  
Daniil Nikitin ◽  
Pavel Pleskunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Plasma Polymers ◽  
Thermal Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Process Chemistry ◽  
Precursor Molecules

Plasma polymer films typically consist of very short fragments of the precursor molecules. That rather limits the applicability of most plasma polymerisation/plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) processes in cases where retention of longer molecular structures is desirable. Plasma-assisted vapour thermal deposition (PAVTD) circumvents this limitation by using a classical bulk polymer as a high molecular weight “precursor”. As a model polymer in this study, polylactic acid (PLA) has been used. The resulting PLA-like films were characterised mostly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The molecular structure of the films was found to be tunable in a broad range: from the structures very similar to bulk PLA polymer to structures that are more typical for films prepared using PECVD. In all cases, PLA-like groups are at least partially preserved. A simplified model of the PAVTD process chemistry was proposed and found to describe well the observed composition of the films. The structure of the PLA-like films demonstrates the ability of plasma-assisted vapour thermal deposition to bridge the typical gap between the classical and plasma polymers.

scholarly journals Synthesis and physical properties of biodegradable nanocomposites fabricated using acrylic acid-grafted poly(butylene carbonate-co-terephthalate) and organically-modified layered zinc phenylphosphonate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fang Lee ◽  
Tzong-Ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Interlayer Spacing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Organically Modified ◽  
Biodegradable Nanocomposites

Abstract A set of novel biocompatible aliphatic-aromatic nanocomposites, including numerous acrylic acid-grafted poly(butylene carbonate-co-terephthalate) (g-PBCT) and organically-modified layered zinc phenylphosphonate (m-PPZn), were successfully synthesized via polycondensation and transesterification. A primary covalent linkage was produced between the biocompatible polymer and the inorganic reinforcements. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra demonstrated the successful grafting of acrylic acid into the PBCT (g-PBCT). Both wide-angle X-ray diffraction data and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the g-PBCT polymer matrix was intercalated into the interlayer spacing of the m-PPZn and was chemically interacted with the m-PPZn. The addition of m-PPZn in the g-PBCT matrix significantly improved its storage modulus. A slight increase in thermal stability was observed in all the g-PBCT/m-PPZn composites. Both results are attributed to the presence of covalent bond between g-PBCT and m-PPZn.

scholarly journals In Search of Factors Determining Activity of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Dispersed in Partially Exfoliated Montmorillonite Structure

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3288
Author(s):  
Anna Rokicińska ◽  
Tomasz Berniak ◽  
Marek Drozdek ◽  
Piotr Kuśtrowski
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Co3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phase Tuning ◽  
Controlled Adsorption

The paper discusses a formation of Mt–PAA composite containing a natural montmorillonite structure partially exfoliated by poly(acrylic acid) introduced through intercalation polymerization of acrylic acid. Mt–PAA was subsequently modified by controlled adsorption of Co2+ ions. The presence of aluminosilicate packets (clay) and carboxyl groups (hydrogel) led to the deposition of significant amounts of Co2+ ions, which after calcination formed the Co3O4 spinel particles. The conditions of the Co2+ ions’ deposition (pH, volume and concentration of Co(NO3)2 solution, as well as a type of pH-controlling agent) were widely varied. Physicochemical characterization of the prepared materials (including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR)) revealed that the modification conditions strongly influenced the content as well as the distribution of the Co3O4 active phase, tuning its reducibility. The latter parameter was, in turn, very important from the point of view of catalytic activity in the combustion of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) following the Mars–van Krevelen mechanism.

scholarly journals Exploiting Reactor Geometry to Manipulate the Properties of Plasma Polymerized Acrylic Acid Films

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyn Jarvis ◽  
Sally McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Electrode Position ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reactor Geometry ◽  
Frequency Generator ◽  
Radio Frequency Generator

A number of different reactor geometries can be used to deposit plasma polymer films containing specific functional groups and result in films with differing properties. Plasma polymerization was carried out in a low-pressure custom-built stainless steel T-shaped reactor using a radio frequency generator. The internal aluminium disk electrode was positioned in two different geometries: parallel and perpendicular to the samples at varying distances to demonstrate the effect of varying the electrode position and distance from the electrode on the properties of plasma polymerized acrylic acid (ppAAc) films. The surface chemistry and film thickness before and after aqueous immersion were analysed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry, respectively. For a perpendicular electrode, the ppAAc film thicknesses and aqueous stability decreased while the COOH/R group concentrations increased as the distance from the electrode increased due to decreased fragmentation. For films deposited at similar distances from the electrode, those deposited with the parallel electrode were thicker, had lower COOH/R group concentrations and greater aqueous stability. These results demonstrate the necessity of having a well characterized plasma reactor to enable the deposition of films with specific properties and how reactor geometry can be exploited to tailor film properties.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Superabsorbent Polymers from Tara Gum Grafted Poly(Acrylic acid) Embedded Silver Particles

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfang Chi ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Zhehai Dong ◽  
Zi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amorphous Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Composite ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Tara gum/silver composite superabsorbent polymers were synthesized with tara gum grafted poly(acrylic acid), using K2S2O8 (KPS) as an initiator and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a cross-linker. The products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the silver ions were partially reduced to Ag0 and the amorphous nanoparticles containing Ag0 and Ag2O were around 10~50 nm in size The tara gum/silver composite superabsorbent polymers exhibited an interconnected porous structure with strong water absorption capacity. The swelling ratio of each product could reach 473 g/g in distilled water and 62 g/g in 0.9% NaCl solution. The antimicrobial activity of the samples against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli increased with the addition of AgNO3 from 0 to 125 mg. This work indicates that the developed tara gum/silver composite superabsorbent polymers can be potentially used for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Characterization of Acrylonitrile Plasma-Polymerized on Carbon Fibres

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 096369359200100 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lefebvre ◽  
J Verbist
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Plasma Power ◽  
Plasma Polymers ◽  
X Ray

Carbon fibres have been plasma treated by acrylonitrile (AN) to increase the compatibility with and the adhesion to an epoxy matrix. The plasma polymers have been analyzed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Infrared Spectroscopy (IR). The effect of plasma power level is also studied

pH Sensitive Polysulfone Membranes Prepared by Homogeneous Photo-Initiated Graft Copolymerization

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 586-591
Author(s):  
He Lin Hua ◽  
Jun Chao Zhang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Li An Wei
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

The copolymers of polysulfone-graft-acrylic (PSF-g-PAAc) acid were synthesized by homogeneous photo-initiated graft copolymerization method. Variable affecting the degree of grafting (DG), such as the ultraviolet irradiation time, and the concentrations of the acrylic acid monomer and photoinitiator, were investigated. The graft copolymers were characterized by chemical titration, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. It is verified that acrylic acid groups were present on the polysulfone polymer. Then, membranes were prepared from the PSF-g-PAAc powder with different DG using phase inversion method. It is found that the flux properties of the membranes were dependent on the pH value of the aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Containing Crosslinked Poly(Acrylic Acid) Fibers

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mofidfar ◽  
Eun Seon Kim ◽  
Emily L. Larkin ◽  
Lisa Long ◽  
Wayne D. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Bacterial and fungal pathogens have caused serious problems to the human health. This is particularly true for untreatable infectious diseases and clinical situations where there is no reliable treatment for infected patients. To increase the antimicrobial activity of materials, we introduce silver nanoparticle (NP) patches in which the NPs are incorporated to the surface of smooth and uniform poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) nanofibers. The PAA nanofibers were thermally crosslinked with ethylene glycol via heat treatment through a mild method. The characterization of the resulting PAA-silver NP patches was done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). To demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of PAA, we incorporated the patches containing the silver NPs into strains of fungi such as Candida albicans (C. albican) and bacteria such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The PAA-silver fibers achieved zones of inhibition against C. albicans and MRSA indicating their antimicrobial activity against both fungi and bacteria. We conclude that silver NP patches exhibited multiple inhibitory actions for the interruption and blockage of activity fungal and bacterial strains, which has the potential as an antimicrobial agent in infectious diseases. Moreover, the proposed material has the potential to be used in antimicrobial textile fabrics, food packaging films, and wound dressings.

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