An Examination of the Kinetics of the Solution-Mediated Polymorphic Phase Transformation between α- and β-Forms ofl-Glutamic Acid as Determined Using Online Powder X-ray Diffraction†

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2205-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spoorthi Dharmayat ◽  
Robert B. Hammond ◽  
Xiaojun Lai ◽  
Caiyun Ma ◽  
Elida Purba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kinetics Of

Kinetics of the γ → α-alumina phase transformation by quantitative X-ray diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 2830-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iaponeide Fernandes Macêdo ◽  
Celso Aparecido Bertran ◽  
Carla Cristiane Osawa
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alumina Phase ◽  
Kinetics Of

Phase Transformation in Austenitic Steel Induced by Plastic Deformation

2010 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Drahokoupil ◽  
Petr Haušild ◽  
Vadim Davydov ◽  
P. Pilvin
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deformed State ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

Kinetics of deformation induced martensitic transformation in metastable austenitic AISI 301 steel was characterized by several techniques including classical light metallography, X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction and electron back scattered diffraction. In order to characterize the martensitic transformation, several specimens were tensile pre-deformed to 5%, 10% and 20% of plastic deformation and compared with non-deformed state. During straining, the volume fraction of α’-martensite rapidly prevails over the volume fraction of original austenite and reach the value circa 70%.

Enhancement of Aurivillius Phase Formation Kinetics in SBT Thin Films using Nanoparticle Seeding

2003 ◽  
Vol 784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Mo Sung ◽  
Woo-Chul Kwak ◽  
Se-Yon Jung ◽  
Seung-Joon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aurivillius Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Formation Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTPt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates seeded by SBT nanoparticles (∼60–80 nm) were used to enhance the phase formation kinetics of Sr0.7Bi2.4Ta2O9 (SBT) thin films. The volume fractions of Aurivillius phase formation obtained through quantitative x-ray diffraction (Q-XRD) analyses showed highly enhanced kinetics in seeded SBT thin films. The Avrami exponents were determined as ∼1.4 and ∼0.9 for unseeded and seeded SBT films, respectively, which reveals different nucleation modes. By using Arrhenius–type plots the activation energy values for the phase transformation of unseeded and seeded SBT thin films were determined to be ∼264 and ∼168 kJ/mol, respectively. This gives a key reason to the enhanced kinetics in seeded films. Microstructural analyses on unseeded SBT thin films showed formation of randomly oriented needle-like crystals, while those on seeded ones showed formation of domains comprised of directionally grown worm-like crystals.

Evidence of two-length-scale kinetics of R-phase transformation by high-energy X-ray diffraction

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.D. Wang ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
E.W. Huang ◽  
G. Wang ◽  
Z.H. Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kinetics Of

Reconstructive Phase Transformation and Kinetics of Cs3Sb2I9by Means of Rietveld Analysis of X-Ray Diffraction and127I NQR

1997 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Yamada ◽  
Hiroshi Sera ◽  
Shigeko Sawada ◽  
Hironobu Tada ◽  
Tsutomu Okuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Stable and Metastable Phase Equilibria Involving the Cu6Sn5 Intermetallic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Leineweber ◽  
M. Löffler ◽  
S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Metastable Phase ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ordered Phases ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Cu6Sn5 intermetallic occurs in the form of differently ordered phases η, η′ and η′′. In solder joints, this intermetallic can undergo changes in composition and the state of order without or while interacting with excess Cu and excess Sn in the system, potentially giving rise to detrimental changes in the mechanical properties of the solder. In order to study such processes in fundamental detail and to get more detailed information about the metastable and stable phase equilibria, model alloys consisting of Cu3Sn + Cu6Sn5 as well as Cu6Sn5 + Sn-rich melt were heat treated. Powder x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy supplemented by electron backscatter diffraction were used to investigate the structural and microstructural changes. It was shown that Sn-poor η can increase its Sn content by Cu3Sn precipitation at grain boundaries or by uptake of Sn from the Sn-rich melt. From the kinetics of the former process at 513 K and the grain size of the η phase, we obtained an interdiffusion coefficient in η of (3 ± 1) × 10−16 m2 s−1. Comparison of this value with literature data implies that this value reflects pure volume (inter)diffusion, while Cu6Sn5 growth at low temperature is typically strongly influenced by grain-boundary diffusion. These investigations also confirm that η′′ forming below a composition-dependent transus temperature gradually enriches in Sn content, confirming that Sn-poor η′′ is metastable against decomposition into Cu3Sn and more Sn-rich η or (at lower temperatures) η′. Graphic Abstract

Study on Adsorption of Crosslinked Starch Microspheres towards Heavy Metal Ions

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 531-535
Author(s):  
Li Yan Yang ◽  
Yi Hui Guo ◽  
Li Li Yu ◽  
Jing You
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Adsorption Rate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adsorption Selectivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Starch Microsphere ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Kinetics Of

A type of cross-linking starch microsphere (CSMs) has been synthesized via reversed phase suspension method. Crosslinked starch microsphere has good adsorption performance to metal ions in water. The adsorption kinetics of Co (II) on the CSMs, selectivity of adsorption CSMs towards Co (II),Cu (II),Pb (II),Cd (II) and adsorption effects of media towards Co (II) were investigated. The CSMs and its adsorption product were comparatively characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that The adsorption rate is mainly controlled by liquid film diffusion, and the constant of adsorption rate is 0.0686min-1 at 308K. The crystal structure of the CSMs decreased greatly after the incorporation of Co (II). Co (II) has better adsorption selectivity on CSMs. Ions coexist and other substances in the solution have certain impact on adsorption. Those data are helpful for treatment of the wastewater containing heavy ions.

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