Development of Improved Turfgrass with Herbicide Resistance and Enhanced Disease Resistance through Transformation

1999 ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
F. C. Belanger ◽  
C. Laramore ◽  
S. Bonos ◽  
W. A. Meyer ◽  
P. R. Day
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Resistance

New Technologies to Combat Herbicide Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Rob Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
The Uk

Herbicide resistance in problem weeds is now a major threat to global food production, being particularly widespread in wild grasses affecting cereal crops. In the UK, black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) holds the title of number one agronomic problem in winter wheat, with the loss of production associated with herbicide resistance now estimated to cost the farming sector at least £0.5 billion p.a. Black-grass presents us with many of the characteristic traits of a problem weed; being highly competitive, genetically diverse and obligately out-crossing, with a growth habit that matches winter wheat. With the UK’s limited arable crop rotations and the reliance on the repeated use of a very limited range of selective herbicides we have been continuously performing a classic Darwinian selection for resistance traits in weeds that possess great genetic diversity and plasticity in their growth habits. The result has been inevitable; the steady rise of herbicide resistance across the UK, which now affects over 2.1 million hectares of some of our best arable land. Once the resistance genie is out of the bottle, it has proven difficult to prevent its establishment and spread. With the selective herbicide option being no longer effective, the options are to revert to cultural control; changing rotations and cover crops, manual rogueing of weeds, deep ploughing and chemical mulching with total herbicides such as glyphosate. While new precision weeding technologies are being developed, their cost and scalability in arable farming remains unproven. As an agricultural scientist who has spent a working lifetime researching selective weed control, we seem to be giving up on a technology that has been a foundation stone of the green revolution. For me it begs the question, are we really unable to use modern chemical and biological technology to counter resistance? I would argue the answer to that question is most patently no; solutions are around the corner if we choose to develop them.

Indian Lifestyle With Ayurveda Perspective During Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1396-1399
Author(s):  
Disha Bhatero ◽  
Punam Sawarkar ◽  
Gaurav Sawarkar
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by novel Coronavirus. The overall prevalence rate of Covid-19 in Worldwide ( 9.94M )& it is (529 K) & (153 K) in India and Maharashtra. This situation can be considered under JanapadodhwansaVyadhi in Ayurveda. The primary purpose of Ayurveda  is the prevention of the disease in healthy individuals and eradication of disease, which are curable. Immunity comes under the Vyadhikshamatva. Further, Covid-19 infection is correlated with Vataj-Kaphaj Jwara. In Ayurveda Rasayana therapy to boost up immunity (Bala  & Vyadhikshamatva). The present study aimed to explore the concept of infectious disease and its prevention through different lifestyles described in Ayurveda. The above need-based information is collected from various Ayurvedicliterature (Laghutrayee, Bruhatryayi) along with numerous research articles from databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar. All collected data were depicted in narrative form and tabular manner under different heads. Considering the above aspect in the prevention of Covid-19, the role of Ayurveda intervention may be proved more beneficial in Covid-19. Further, adoption of code of conduct may efficiently overcome the current pandemic situation by maintaining good immunity & implementation of Ahar, Vihar Vidhis, Dincharya, and Rutucharya& Sadvritta  for improving disease resistance.

Effects of Pseudoalteromonas espejiana W115 on Enzyme Activity and Disease Resistance of the Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Yuexin Ma ◽  
Jichen Liu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Wei Tao ◽  
Zhenlin Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Patinopecten Yessoensis ◽  
Yesso Scallop

THE INTEGRATED PEAR DONORS WITH MONOGENIC DETERMINED STUNT

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Е. А. Dolmatov ◽  
Т. А. Khrykina
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Fungal Disease Resistance ◽  
Sorting Process ◽  
Red Coloration

Development of low-growing varieties is one of the prioritized directions in groups selection. Solution of excessive growth in the selection can be solved in today’s conditions by two means: on a polygenic and on a monogenic level. Up until recently such work was performed by research institutes of horticulture in the U.S.S.R. and Russian Federation only on the polygenic level. The analysis is performed for the data of 17 summer studies on the development of complex donors of monogenic determined dwarfness (gene D), high winter hardiness, group fungal disease resistance (scab, leaf spot and Septoria blight) and bright red coloration of pear fruits (gene C). On the first stage of these studies the issue of the development of population of hybrid dwarf types with high adaptive potential in the conditions of the Central Black Earth region of Russia was solved based on a hybridization of the donors of high winter hardiness and fungal disease resistance with the donors of monogenic determined dwarfness which were the descendants of 4th generation of the NainVert variety. As a result, several complex donors were selected. Its use in long-term pear selection programs would make sorting process possible on earlier stages of the ontogenesis and thanks to that would make it possible to halve the size of hybrid funds. Brief description of the complex donors is given.

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