N-Terminal sequence of the eucaryotic in vitro product made upon translation of satellite tobacco necrosis virus ribonucleic acid

Biochemistry ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1528-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Klein ◽  
John M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Terminal Sequence ◽  
Necrosis Virus

Translation of satellite tobacco necrosis virus ribonucleic acid. II. Initiation of in vitro translation in procaryotic and eucaryotic systems

Biochemistry ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2014-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Lundquist ◽  
Jerome M. Lazar ◽  
William H. Klein ◽  
John M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus

Translation of satellite tobacco necrosis virus ribonucleic acid by an in vitro system from wheat germ

Biochemistry ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (22) ◽  
pp. 4943-4950 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Leung ◽  
Carl W. Gilbert ◽  
Robert E. Smith ◽  
Nancy L. Sasavage ◽  
John M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
In Vitro System

Translation of satellite tobacco necrosis virus ribonucleic acid. I. Characterization of in vitro procaryotic and eucaryotic translation products

Biochemistry ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2009-2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Klein ◽  
Chris Nolan ◽  
Jerome M. Lazar ◽  
John M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus

scholarly journals The 3' untranslated region of satellite tobacco necrosis virus RNA stimulates translation in vitro.

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3340-3349 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Danthinne ◽  
J Seurinck ◽  
F Meulewaeter ◽  
M Van Montagu ◽  
M Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Translation System ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Untranslated Sequence ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Free Translation ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
A Cell

The RNA of satellite tobacco necrosis virus (STNV) is a monocistronic messenger that lacks both a 5' cap structure and a 3' poly(A) tail. We show that in a cell-free translation system derived from wheat germ, STNV RNA lacking the 600-nucleotide trailer is translated an order of magnitude less efficiently than full-size RNA. Deletion analyses positioned the translational enhancer domain (TED) within a conserved hairpin structure immediately downstream from the coat protein cistron. TED enhances translation when fused to a heterologous mRNA, but the level of enhancement depends on the nature of the 5' untranslated sequence and is maximal in combination with the STNV leader. The STNV leader and TED have two regions of complementarity. One of the complementary regions in TED resembles picornavirus box A, which is involved in cap-independent translation but which is located upstream of the coding region.

Terminal heterogeneity at both ends of the satellite tobacco necrosis virus ribonucleic acid

Biochemistry ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (25) ◽  
pp. 4748-4752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Horst ◽  
Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat ◽  
Stanley Mandeles
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus

Nucleotide sequence of the 5' terminus of satellite tobacco necrosis virus ribonucleic acid

Biochemistry ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1361-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Leung ◽  
Karen S. Browning ◽  
Joyce E. Heckman ◽  
Uttam L. RajBhandary ◽  
John M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus

scholarly journals Investigating the Biological Relevance of In Vitro-Identified Putative Packaging Signals at the 5′ Terminus of Satellite Tobacco Necrosis Virus 1 Genomic RNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioly Kotta-Loizou ◽  
Hadrien Peyret ◽  
Keith Saunders ◽  
Robert H. A. Coutts ◽  
George P. Lomonossoff
Keyword(s):  
Model System ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Genomic Rna ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Packaging Signals

ABSTRACT Satellite tobacco necrosis virus 1 (STNV-1) is a model system for in vitro RNA encapsidation studies (N. Patel, E. C. Dykeman, R. H. A. Coutts, G. P. Lomonossoff, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:2227–2232, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420812112; N. Patel, E. Wroblewski, G. Leonov, S. E. V. Phillips, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:12255–12260, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1706951114), leading to the identification of degenerate packaging signals (PSs) proposed to be involved in the recognition of its genome by the capsid protein (CP). The aim of the present work was to investigate whether these putative PSs can confer selective packaging of STNV-1 RNA in vivo and to assess the prospects of using decoy RNAs in antiviral therapy. We have developed an in planta packaging assay based on the transient expression of STNV-1 CP and have assessed the ability of the resulting virus-like particles (VLPs) to encapsidate mutant STNV-1 RNAs expected to have different encapsidation potential based on in vitro studies. The results revealed that >90% of the encapsidated RNAs are host derived, although there is some selectivity of packaging for STNV-1 RNA and certain host RNAs. Comparison of the packaging efficiencies of mutant STNV-1 RNAs showed that they are encapsidated mainly according to their abundance within the cells, rather than the presence or absence of the putative PSs previously identified from in vitro studies. In contrast, subsequent infection experiments demonstrated that host RNAs represent only <1% of virion content. Although selective encapsidation of certain host RNAs was noted, no direct correlation could be made between this preference and the presence of potential PSs in the host RNA sequences. Overall, the data illustrate that the differences in RNA packaging efficiency identified through in vitro studies are insufficient to explain the specific packaging of STNV-1 RNA. IMPORTANCE Viruses preferentially encapsidate their own genomic RNA, sometimes as a result of the presence of clearly defined packaging signals (PSs) in their genome sequence. Recently, a novel form of short degenerate PSs has been proposed (N. Patel, E. C. Dykeman, R. H. A. Coutts, G. P. Lomonossoff, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:2227–2232, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420812112; N. Patel, E. Wroblewski, G. Leonov, S. E. V. Phillips, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:12255–12260, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1706951114) using satellite tobacco necrosis virus 1 (STNV-1) as a model system for in vitro studies. It has been suggested that competing with these putative PSs may constitute a novel therapeutic approach against pathogenic single-stranded RNA viruses. Our work demonstrates that the previously identified PSs have no discernible significance for the selective packaging of STNV-1 in vivo in the presence and absence of competition or replication: viral sequences are encapsidated mostly on the basis of their abundance within the cell, while encapsidation of host RNAs also occurs. Nevertheless, the putative PSs identified in STNV-1 RNA may still have applications in bionanotechnology, such as the in vitro selective packaging of RNA molecules.

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