Role of the activity and adsorption of cellulases in the efficiency of the enzymic hydrolysis of amorphous and crystalline cellulose

Biochemistry ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatole A. Klyosov ◽  
Olga V. Mitkevich ◽  
Arkady P. Sinitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Enzymic hydrolysis of acetylcarnitine in liver from rats, sheep and cows

1975 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Costa ◽  
A. M. Snoswell
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fraction ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Outer Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Carnitine Acetyltransferase ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Liver Homogenates ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Activity

1. The enzymic utilization of O-acetyl-l-carnitine other than via carnitine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) was investigated in liver homogenates from rats, sheep and dry cows. 2. An enzymic utilization of O-acetyl-l-carnitine via hydrolysis of the ester bond to yield stoicheiometric quantities of acetate and l-carnitine was demonstrated; 0.55, 0.53 and 0.30μmol of acetyl-l-carnitine were utilized/min per g fresh wt. of liver homogenates from rats, sheep and dry cows respectively. 3. The acetylcarnitine hydrolysis activity was not due to a non-specific esterase or non-specific cholinesterase. O-Acetyl-d-carnitine was not utilized. 4. The activity was associated with the enriched outer mitochondrial membrane fraction from rat liver. Isolation of this fraction resulted in an eightfold purification of acetylcarnitine hydrolase activity. 4. The Km for this acetylcarnitine utilization was 2mm and 1.5mm for rat and sheep liver homogenates respectively. 6. There was a significant increase in acetylcarnitine hydrolase in rats on starvation and cows on lactation and a significant decrease in sheep that were severely alloxan-diabetic. 7. The physiological role of an acetylcarnitine hydrolase is discussed in relation to coupling with carnitine acetyltransferase for the relief of ‘acetyl pressure’.

scholarly journals Control of Enzymic Hydrolysis of Polyadenylate Segment of Messenger RNA: Role of Polyadenylate-Associated Proteins

1978 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner E. G. MULLER ◽  
Josef ARENDES ◽  
Rudolf K. ZAHN ◽  
Heinz C. SCHRODER
Keyword(s):  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Steroid Sulphatase and Its Inhibitors: Past, Present and Future

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2852
Author(s):  
Paul A. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Good Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Steroid Sulphatase ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
The University ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Steroid sulphatase (STS), involved in the hydrolysis of steroid sulphates, plays an important role in the formation of both active oestrogens and androgens. Since these steroids significantly impact the proliferation of both oestrogen- and androgen-dependent cancers, many research groups over the past 30 years have designed and developed STS inhibitors. One of the main contributors to this field has been Prof. Barry Potter, previously at the University of Bath and now at the University of Oxford. Upon Prof. Potter’s imminent retirement, this review takes a look back at the work on STS inhibitors and their contribution to our understanding of sulphate biology and as potential therapeutic agents in hormone-dependent disease. A number of potent STS inhibitors have now been developed, one of which, Irosustat (STX64, 667Coumate, BN83495), remains the only one to have completed phase I/II clinical trials against numerous indications (breast, prostate, endometrial). These studies have provided new insights into the origins of androgens and oestrogens in women and men. In addition to the therapeutic role of STS inhibition in breast and prostate cancer, there is now good evidence to suggest they may also provide benefits in patients with colorectal and ovarian cancer, and in treating endometriosis. To explore the potential of STS inhibitors further, a number of second- and third-generation inhibitors have been developed, together with single molecules that possess aromatase–STS inhibitory properties. The further development of potent STS inhibitors will allow their potential therapeutic value to be explored in a variety of hormone-dependent cancers and possibly other non-oncological conditions.

scholarly journals Regulation of the synthesis and hydrolysis of ATP by mitochondrial ATPase. Role of Mg2+.

1983 ◽  
Vol 258 (22) ◽  
pp. 13673-13679 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gómez-Puyou ◽  
G Ayala ◽  
U Muller ◽  
M Tuena de Gómez-Puyou
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Atpase ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Variation in Quantity of Methanol Recovered from Raisins

1963 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-343
Author(s):  
M Alice Brown ◽  
James R Woodward ◽  
Floyd DeEds
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Methanol Content ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Pectin Esterase ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract The amount of naturally occurring methanol in fruit must be known so that the quantity left as fumigation residue can be determined. In a study of methanol content of raisins, which had given inconsistent results, the raisins were subjected to different conditions of treatment immediately prior to methanol determination. Conditions that favored pectin esterase activity gave higher values for methanol content than conditions known to inactivate enzymes. Evidence was also obtained that both chemical and enzymic hydrolysis of methyl ester groups of pectic materials occur during analysis.

scholarly journals Permeability of muscle capillaries to small heme-peptides. Evidence for the existence of patent transendothelial channels.

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Simionescu ◽  
M Siminoescu ◽  
G E Palade
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Heme Peptides ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

Two heme-peptides (HP) of about 20-A diameter (heme-undecapeptide [H11P], mol wt approximately 1900 and heme-octapeptide [H8P], mol wt approximately 1550), obtained by enzymic hydrolysis of cytochrome c, were sued as probe molecules in muscle capillaries (rat diaphragm). They were localized in situ by a perixidase reaction, enhanced by the addition of imidazole to the incubation medium. Chromatography of plasma samples showed that HPs circulate predominantly as monomers for the duration of the experiments and are bound by aldehyde fixatives to plasma proteins to the extent of approximately 50% (H8P) to approximately 95% (H11P). Both tracers cross the endothelium primarily via plasmalemmal vesicles which become progressively labeled (by reaction product) from the blood front to the tissue front of the endothelium, in three successive resolvable phases. By the end of each phase the extent of labeling reaches greater than 90% of the corresponding vesicle population. Labeled vesicles appear as either isolated units or chains which form patent channels across the endothelium. The patency of these channels was checked by specimen tilting and graphic analysis of their images. No evidence was found for early or preferential marking of the intercellular junctions and spaces by reaction product. It is concluded that the channels are the most likely candidate for structural equivalents of the small pores of the capillary wall since they are continuous, water-filled passages, and are provided with one or more strictures of less than 100 A. Their frequency remains to be established by future work.

Investigation of the products of an enzymic hydrolysis of collagens

Biochemistry ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4716-4723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard B. Bensusan
Keyword(s):  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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