Enhanced Production of Active Ecumicin Component with Higher Antituberculosis Activity by the Rare Actinomycete Nonomuraea sp. MJM5123 Using a Novel Promoter-Engineering Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3019-3029
Author(s):  
Chun Su ◽  
Nguyen-Quang Tuan ◽  
Mi-Jin Lee ◽  
Xia-Ying Zhang ◽  
Jin-Hua Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antituberculosis Activity ◽  
Promoter Engineering ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Engineering Strategy

scholarly journals Combinatorial Metabolic Engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the Enhanced Production of the FPP-Derived Sesquiterpene Germacrene

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Jan Niklas Bröker ◽  
Boje Müller ◽  
Dirk Prüfer ◽  
Christian Schulze Gronover
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Engineering Strategy

Farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)-derived isoprenoids represent a diverse group of plant secondary metabolites with great economic potential. To enable their efficient production in the heterologous host Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we refined a metabolic engineering strategy using the CRISPR/Cas9 system with the aim of increasing the availability of FPP for downstream reactions. The strategy included the overexpression of mevalonate pathway (MVA) genes, the redirection of metabolic flux towards desired product formation and the knockout of genes responsible for competitive reactions. Following the optimisation of culture conditions, the availability of the improved FPP biosynthesis for downstream reactions was demonstrated by the expression of a germacrene synthase from dandelion. Subsequently, biosynthesis of significant amounts of germacrene-A was observed in the most productive strain compared to the wild type. Thus, the presented strategy is an excellent tool to increase FPP-derived isoprenoid biosynthesis in yeast.

Activation of cytochrome c to a peroxidase compound I-type intermediate by H2O2: relevance to redox signalling in apoptosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Burkitt ◽  
Clare Jones ◽  
Andrew Lawrence ◽  
Peter Wardman
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Tyrosyl Radical ◽  
Compound I ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Physico Chemical

The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis results in the enhanced production of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 by Mn-superoxide dismutase. We have been concerned with the role of cytochrome c/H2O2 in the induction of oxidative stress during apoptosis. Our initial studies showed that cytochrome c is a potent catalyst of 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation, thereby explaining the increased rate of production of the fluorophore 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein in apoptotic cells. Although it has been speculated that the oxidizing species may be a ferryl-haem intermediate, no definitive evidence for the formation of such a species has been reported. Alternatively, it is possible that the hydroxyl radical may be generated, as seen in the reaction of certain iron chelates with H2O2. By examining the effects of radical scavengers on 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation by cytochrome c/H2O2, together with complementary EPR studies, we have demonstrated that the hydroxyl radical is not generated. Our findings point, instead, to the formation of a peroxidase compound I species, with one oxidizing equivalent present as an oxo-ferryl haem intermediate and the other as the tyrosyl radical identified by Barr and colleagues [Barr, Gunther, Deterding, Tomer and Mason (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 15498-15503]. Studies with spin traps indicated that the oxo-ferryl haem is the active oxidant. These findings provide a physico-chemical basis for the redox changes that occur during apoptosis. Excessive changes (possibly catalysed by cytochrome c) may have implications for the redox regulation of cell death, including the sensitivity of tumour cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF TRICHODERMA CELLULASES THROUGH RECONSTRUCTION OF CELLULASE GENES

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
Kh. A. El- Halafawy ◽  
Ragaa A. Eissa ◽  
H. A. Hamza ◽  
A. I. Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Production

Constraints

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Mazo ◽  
Camille Salinesi ◽  
Daniel Diaz ◽  
Olfa Djebbi ◽  
Alberto Lora-Michiels
Keyword(s):  
Domain Engineering ◽  
Product Line ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feature Model ◽  
Product Configuration ◽  
Constraint Program ◽  
Engineering Strategy ◽  
Application Engineering ◽  
The One ◽  
Line Engineering

Drawing from an analogy between features based Product Line (PL) models and Constraint Programming (CP), this paper explores the use of CP in the Domain Engineering and Application Engineering activities that are put in motion in a Product Line Engineering strategy. Specifying a PL as a constraint program instead of a feature model carries out two important qualities of CP: expressiveness and direct automation. On the one hand, variables in CP can take values over boolean, integer, real or even complex domains and not only boolean values as in most PL languages such as the Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA). Specifying boolean, arithmetic, symbolic and reified constraint, provides a power of expression that spans beyond that provided by the boolean dependencies in FODA models. On the other hand, PL models expressed as constraint programs can directly be executed and analyzed by off-the-shelf solvers. This paper explores the issues of (a) how to specify a PL model using CP, including in the presence of multi-model representation, (b) how to verify PL specifications, (c) how to specify configuration requirements, and (d) how to support the product configuration activity. Tests performed on a benchmark of 50 PL models show that the approach is efficient and scales up easily to very large and complex PL specifications.

scholarly journals Effects and Economic Sustainability of Biochar Application on Corn Production in a Mediterranean Climate

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3313
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Aguirre ◽  
María Teresa Martín ◽  
Sergio González ◽  
Manuel Peinado
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Mediterranean

The effects of two types of biochar on corn production in the Mediterranean climate during the growing season were analyzed. The two types of biochar were obtained from pyrolysis of Pinus pinaster. B1 was fully pyrolyzed with 55.90% organic carbon, and B2 was medium pyrolyzed with 23.50% organic carbon. B1 and B2 were supplemented in the soil of 20 plots (1 m2) at a dose of 4 kg/m2. C1 and C2 (10 plots each) served as control plots. The plots were automatically irrigated and fertilizer was not applied. The B1-supplemented plots exhibited a significant 84.58% increase in dry corn production per square meter and a 93.16% increase in corn wet weight (p << 0.001). Corn production was no different between B2-supplemented, C1, and C2 plots (p > 0.01). The weight of cobs from B1-supplemented plots was 62.3%, which was significantly higher than that of cobs from C1 and C2 plots (p < 0.01). The grain weight increased significantly by 23% in B1-supplemented plots (p < 0.01) and there were no differences between B2-supplemented, C1, and C2 plots. At the end of the treatment, the soil of the B1-supplemented plots exhibited increased levels of sulfate, nitrate, magnesium, conductivity, and saturation percentage. Based on these results, the economic sustainability of this application in agriculture was studied at a standard price of €190 per ton of biochar. Amortization of this investment can be achieved in 5.52 years according to this cost. Considering the fertilizer cost savings of 50% and the water cost savings of 25%, the amortization can be achieved in 4.15 years. If the price of biochar could be reduced through the CO2 emission market at €30 per ton of non-emitted CO2, the amortization can be achieved in 2.80 years. Biochar markedly improves corn production in the Mediterranean climate. However, the amortization time must be further reduced, and enhanced production must be guaranteed over the years with long term field trials so that the product is marketable or other high value-added crops must be identified.

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