Tuning Interface Barrier in 2D BP/ReSe2 Heterojunctions in Control of Optoelectronic Performances and Energy Conversion Efficiencies

ACS Photonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2886-2895
Author(s):  
Che-Chi Shih ◽  
Ming-Huei Huang ◽  
Chi-Kai Wan ◽  
Wen-Bin Jian ◽  
Kimitoshi Kono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Interface Barrier ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

“A Three Solar Cell Mechanically-stacked, Multijunction System with Energy Conversion Efficiencies Greater than 30% Amo”

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen M. Barnett ◽  
Terry M. Trumble ◽  
Gerald H. Negley ◽  
Sandra L. Rhoads ◽  
James B. McNeely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Boosting electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction performance of two-dimensional Mo porphyrin monolayers via turning the coordination environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 4178-4186
Author(s):  
Shiqiang Liu ◽  
Zhiwen Cheng ◽  
Yawei Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Gao ◽  
Yujia Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Coordination Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Reduction ◽  
Reaction Performance ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Designing atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is an effective approach to achieve better energy conversion efficiencies.

The Thermodynamic Evaluation and Optimization of Fuel Cell Systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Woudstra ◽  
T. P. van der Stelt ◽  
K. Hemmes
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Fuel Conversion ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Electrochemical Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Energy conversion today is subject to high thermodynamic losses. About 50% to 90% of the exergy of primary fuels is lost during conversion into power or heat. The fast increasing world energy demand makes a further increase of conversion efficiencies inevitable. The substantial thermodynamic losses (exergy losses of 20% to 30%) of thermal fuel conversion will limit future improvements of power plant efficiencies. Electrochemical conversion of fuel enables fuel conversion with minimum losses. Various fuel cell systems have been investigated at the Delft University of Technology during the past 20 years. It appeared that exergy analyses can be very helpful in understanding the extent and causes of thermodynamic losses in fuel cell systems. More than 50% of the losses in high temperature fuel cell (molten carbonate fuel cell and solid oxide fuel cell) systems can be caused by heat transfer. Therefore system optimization must focus on reducing the need for heat transfer as well as improving the conditions for the unavoidable heat transfer. Various options for reducing the need for heat transfer are discussed in this paper. High temperature fuel cells, eventually integrated into gas turbine processes, can replace the combustion process in future power plants. High temperature fuel cells will be necessary to obtain conversion efficiencies up to 80% in the case of large scale electricity production in the future. The introduction of fuel cells is considered to be a first step in the integration of electrochemical conversion in future energy conversion systems.

Spontaneous full photocatalytic water splitting on 2D MoSe2/SnSe2 and WSe2/SnSe2 vdW heterostructures

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
pp. 14836-14843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingcai Fan ◽  
Junru Wang ◽  
Mingwen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Photocatalytic Water Splitting ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

The heterostructures have the HER and OER in water-splitting taking place separately on the two components with the STH energy conversion efficiencies up to 10.5%. The Se-vacancy makes the two reactions occur spontaneously in pure water.

scholarly journals Analysis and optimal design of a vibration isolation system combined with electromagnetic energy harvester

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (16) ◽  
pp. 2382-2395
Author(s):  
Uchenna Diala ◽  
SM Mahdi Mofidian ◽  
Zi-Qiang Lang ◽  
Hamzeh Bardaweel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Magnetic Components ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Response Function Method ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

This work investigates a vibration isolation energy harvesting system and studies its design to achieve an optimal performance. The system uses a combination of elastic and magnetic components to facilitate its dual functionality. A prototype of the vibration isolation energy harvesting device is fabricated and examined experimentally. A mathematical model is developed using first principle and analyzed using the output frequency response function method. Results from model analysis show an excellent agreement with experiment. Since any vibration isolation energy harvesting system is required to perform two functions simultaneously, optimization of the system is carried out to maximize energy conversion efficiency without jeopardizing the system’s vibration isolation performance. To the knowledge of the authors, this work is the first effort to tackle the issue of simultaneous vibration isolation energy harvesting using an analytical approach. Explicit analytical relationships describing the vibration isolation energy harvesting system transmissibility and energy conversion efficiency are developed. Results exhibit a maximum attainable energy conversion efficiency in the order of 1%. Results suggest that for low acceleration levels, lower damping values are favorable and yield higher conversion efficiencies and improved vibration isolation characteristics. At higher acceleration, there is a trade-off where lower damping values worsen vibration isolation but yield higher conversion efficiencies.

MODELLING PROTEIN AND LIPID GAINS IN GROWING PIGS EXPOSED TO LOW TEMPERATURE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. PHILLIPS ◽  
F. V. MacHARDY
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Key Words Pig ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

An existing energy partition model that relates protein and lipid retention in growing pigs (60 kg) to dietary energy intake was extended to include environmental temperature. The extended model for 45- to 75-kg pigs can be used to predict animal heat production at each feeding level, lower limit of the zone of thermoneutrality at each feeding level and incremental energy conversion efficiency over a range of feeding levels and environmental temperatures. The model predictions were validated in two ways. (1) Incremental energy conversion efficiencies over a range of feeding levels and environmental temperatures, as determined in three studies cited in the literature, were compared against the energy conversion efficiencies predicted by the model. (2) The rates of protein deposition and liveweight gains in growing pigs housed at 21 °C and 6 °C, were compared against the model predictions. While the model should receive further testing, both the above tests confirmed that low temperature can be related to feeding level and rates of tissue gain in pigs in a predictable manner. Key words: Pig, temperature, model, energy retention

Pseudo-Capacitor Structure for Direct Nuclear Energy Conversion

2008 ◽  
Vol 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu Popa-Simil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

AbstractThe advanced space missions need for more power opened the way for advanced nuclear reactors and for alternative power conversion procedures. The most advanced power systems available in space are the fuel cells and nuclear reactors. Both systems manifest low efficiencies for converting the primary energy into electricity and as consequence are requiring high heat dump into space mainly by infrared radiation. The thermo-nuclear power generator also requires a high temperature gas turbine and a mechano-electric generator, finally driving to low conversion efficiencies. The new nano-materials offer the possibility of creating direct energy conversion devices able of achieving high conversion efficiencies up to 99% in the cryogenic versions. The interest for direct conversion of the nuclear energy into electricity appeared in early 1940th, by the invention of the thermo-ionic fission device by Linder. Then a series of patents and scientific papers improved gradually the designs and performances of the devices, up to the actual concepts of beta-voltaic and liquid-electronics. The most intuitive direct conversion device looks mainly like a super mirror- or a heterogeneous super-capacitor. The issues on its operation are related to global conversion efficiencies and the stable operation life-time in high radiation field. There are combinations of nano-structures and actinides assuring both the neutron flux stability, by meeting criticality conditions and the direct conversion or the nuclear energy into electricity. Achieving a high efficiency internal conversion of the nuclear energy into electricity is not enough if it is not completed by a high efficiency power extraction system from the nuclear reactor core into the outside load. The development of the new MEMS devices and micro electronics in the 40 nm technologies provides an excellent background for the production of the electric power harvesting and conversion devices embedded in the fuel. The new nano-structured materials may be produced as radiation energy harvesting tiles that are free of actinides, using them for harvesting the energy of radioactive sources and controlled fusion devices, or may include actinides in their structure achieving critical or sub-critical accelerator driven nuclear reactor assemblies. Another predictable advantage of the nano-structure is the property of self-repairing and self-organizing to compensate the radiation damage and improve the lifetime. Due to direct conversion the power density of the new materials may increase from the actual average of 0.2 kw/cm3 to about 1 kw/mm3 driving to miniaturization of nuclear power sources and reductions of the shield weight. At these dimensions and power densities of few thousands horse power per liter the nuclear power source becomes suitable for mobile applications as powering trains, strategic airplanes, etc. These new developments may drive to the production of high power solid-state compact nuclear battery for space applications, leading to a new development stage.

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