scholarly journals Membrane Nanotubes Increase the Robustness of Giant Vesicles

ACS Nano ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 4478-4485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tripta Bhatia ◽  
Jaime Agudo-Canalejo ◽  
Rumiana Dimova ◽  
Reinhard Lipowsky
Keyword(s):  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Membrane Nanotubes

scholarly journals ATP-dependent force generation and membrane scission by ESCRT-III and Vps4

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (6421) ◽  
pp. 1423-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Schöneberg ◽  
Mark Remec Pavlin ◽  
Shannon Yan ◽  
Maurizio Righini ◽  
Il-Hyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Endosomal Sorting ◽  
Aaa Atpase ◽  
Membrane Nanotubes ◽  
Membrane Scission ◽  
Correct Topology

The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) catalyze reverse-topology scission from the inner face of membrane necks in HIV budding, multivesicular endosome biogenesis, cytokinesis, and other pathways. We encapsulated ESCRT-III subunits Snf7, Vps24, and Vps2 and the AAA+ ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) Vps4 in giant vesicles from which membrane nanotubes reflecting the correct topology of scission could be pulled. Upon ATP release by photo-uncaging, this system generated forces within the nanotubes that led to membrane scission in a manner dependent upon Vps4 catalytic activity and Vps4 coupling to the ESCRT-III proteins. Imaging of scission revealed Snf7 and Vps4 puncta within nanotubes whose presence followed ATP release, correlated with force generation and nanotube constriction, and preceded scission. These observations directly verify long-standing predictions that ATP-hydrolyzing assemblies of ESCRT-III and Vps4 sever membranes.

scholarly journals ATP-dependent force generation and membrane scission by ESCRT-III and Vps4

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Schöneberg ◽  
Shannon Yan ◽  
Maurizio Righini ◽  
Mark Remec Pavlin ◽  
Il-Hyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Membrane Insertion ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Membrane Nanotubes ◽  
Membrane Scission ◽  
Correct Topology

AbstractThe ESCRTs catalyze reverse-topology scission from the inner face of membrane necks in HIV budding, multivesicular endosome biogenesis, cytokinesis, and other pathways. We encapsulated a minimal ESCRT module consisting of ESCRT-III subunits Snf7, Vps24, and Vps2, and the AAA+ ATPase Vps4 such that membrane nanotubes reflecting the correct topology of scission could be pulled from giant vesicles. Upon ATP release by photo-uncaging, this system was capable of generating forces within the nanotubes in a manner dependent upon Vps4 catalytic activity, Vps4 coupling to the ESCRT-III proteins, and membrane insertion by Snf7. At physiological concentrations, single scission events were observed that correlated with forces of ~6 pN, verifying predictions that ESCRTs are capable of exerting forces on membranes. Imaging of scission with subsecond resolution revealed Snf7 puncta at the sites of membrane cutting, directly verifying longstanding predictions for the ESCRT scission mechanism.One Sentence SummaryESCRT-III and Vps4 were reconstituted from within the interior of nanotubes pulled from giant vesicles, revealing that this machinery couples ATP-dependent force production for membrane scission.

scholarly journals pH-Tolerant giant vesicles composed of cationic lipids with imine linkages and oleic acids

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (56) ◽  
pp. 34247-34253
Author(s):  
Daichi Sawada ◽  
Ayana Hirono ◽  
Kouichi Asakura ◽  
Taisuke Banno
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Cationic Lipids ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Acidic Conditions

Giant vesicles composed of cationic lipids having an imine linkage and oleic acid were stable at strong acidic conditions.

scholarly journals Giant Vesicles Produced with Phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and Phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) by Water-in-Oil Inverted Emulsions

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Boying Xu ◽  
Jinquan Ding ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
Tetsuya Yomo
Keyword(s):  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Imaging Flow Cytometry ◽  
Artificial Cell ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Natural Cell ◽  
Cell Construction

(1) Background: giant vesicles (GVs) are widely employed as models for studying physicochemical properties of bio-membranes and artificial cell construction due to their similarities to natural cell membranes. Considering the critical roles of GVs, various methods have been developed to prepare them. Notably, the water-in-oil (w/o) inverted emulsion-transfer method is reported to be the most promising, owning to the relatively higher productivity and better encapsulation efficiency of biomolecules. Previously, we successfully established an improved approach to acquire detailed information of 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)-derived GVs with imaging flow cytometry (IFC); (2) Methods: we prepared GVs with different lipid compositions, including phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), and PC/PE mixtures by w/o inverted emulsion methods. We comprehensively compared the yield, purity, size, and encapsulation efficiency of the resulting vesicles; (3) Results: the relatively higher productivities of GVs could be obtained from POPC, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DLPE), DOPC: DLPE (7:3), and POPC: DLPE (6:4) pools. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that these GVs are stable during long term preservation in 4 °C. (4) Conclusions: our results will be useful for the analytical study of GVs and GV-based applications.

Spontaneous Formation of Giant Phospholipid Vesicles

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 938-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf-M. Servuss
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Phospholipid Vesicles ◽  
Electrostatic Repulsion ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Spontaneous Formation

The spontaneous formation of giant (diameter > 10 μm) vesicles from a number of phospholipids in excess aqueous solution has been studied by light-microscopy. Electrically neutral as well as charged phospholipids swell to form giant vesicles only if the lipids are in the fluid phase. This shows that electrostatic repulsion alone cannot explain the spontaneous formation of giant vesicles. The results confirm the suggestion that steric forces between extended membranes play a significant part in this process.

scholarly journals Photochemically induced cyclic morphological dynamics via degradation of autonomously produced, self-assembled polymer vesicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyu Lin ◽  
Sai Krishna Katla ◽  
Juan Pérez-Mercader
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Osmotic Water ◽  
Periodic Growth ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Self Assembled

AbstractAutonomous and out-of-equilibrium vesicles synthesised from small molecules in a homogeneous aqueous medium are an emerging class of dynamically self-assembled systems with considerable potential for engineering natural life mimics. Here we report on the physico-chemical mechanism behind a dynamic morphological evolution process through which self-assembled polymeric structures autonomously booted from a homogeneous mixture, evolve from micelles to giant vesicles accompanied by periodic growth and implosion cycles when exposed to oxygen under light irradiation. The system however formed nano-objects or gelation under poor oxygen conditions or when heated. We determined the cause to be photoinduced chemical degradation within hydrated polymer cores inducing osmotic water influx and the subsequent morphological dynamics. The process also led to an increase in the population of polymeric objects through system self-replication. This study offers a new path toward the design of chemically self-assembled systems and their potential application in autonomous material artificial simulation of living systems.

scholarly journals Electroformation of Giant Vesicles on a Polymer Mesh

Membranes ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihisa Okumura ◽  
Takuya Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Giant Vesicles
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