scholarly journals Insight into the Ligand-Mediated Synthesis of Colloidal CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals: The Role of Organic Acid, Base, and Cesium Precursors

ACS Nano ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 7943-7954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aizhao Pan ◽  
Bo He ◽  
Xiaoyun Fan ◽  
Zeke Liu ◽  
Jeffrey J. Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Perovskite Nanocrystals ◽  
Insight Into

Insight into the role of varied acid-base sites on fast pyrolysis kinetics and mechanism of cellulose

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Chengyu Li ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Haoran Yuan ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Insight Into

Insight into the exciton fine structure, the role of phonons and depolarization effects in halide perovskite nanocrystals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jacky even ◽  
philippe tamarat ◽  
philipe bourges ◽  
guido roma ◽  
claudine katan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Perovskite Nanocrystals ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Insight Into

Civil Partnerships: Lewis Acid–Base Reactions

Reactions ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Boron Trifluoride ◽  
Proton Transfer Reaction ◽  
Proton Donor ◽  
Ammonia Molecule ◽  
Proton Acceptor ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Acids And Bases ◽  
Insight Into

One of the most remarkable chemists of the twentieth century, Gilbert Lewis (1875–1946), who died in a rather peculiar event involving cyanide (which will figure further in this account) took the story of acids and bases that I described in Reaction 2, extended its reach, and thereby captured a further huge swathe of chemical countryside. As I remarked in that section, chemists seek patterns of behaviour, partly because it systematizes their subject but also because it gives insight into the molecular events accompanying a reaction. Lewis contributed greatly to this enlargement of chemistry’s vision, as I shall unfold in this section. I explained in Reaction 2 how Lowry and Brønsted had extended Arrhenius’s vision of acids and bases by proposing that all reactions between acids and bases involve the transfer of a proton (a hydrogen ion, H+) from the acid, the proton donor, to the base, the proton acceptor. For instance, hydrochloric acid, HCl, can provide a proton that sticks to an ammonia molecule, NH3, 1, converting it into NH4+, 2. The Lowry–Brønsted account of an acid–base reaction involves a proton as an essential part of the definition: if protons aren’t around, then Lowry and Brønsted are silent on whether a substance is an acid or a base. There are, however, many reactions that resemble acid–base reactions but in which no protons are transferred. I will give what might seem to be a rather esoteric example, but it makes the point in a simple and direct way, so please bear with me; you will soon see the relevance of this presentation to everyday life. The esoteric example I have in mind is a reaction in which a boron trifluoride molecule, BF3, 3, sticks to an ammonia molecule to form NH3BF3, 4. This reaction clearly resembles the proton transfer reaction in which H+ attaches to NH3 to form NH4+, but with BF3 playing the role of H+. Lewis brought these aspects together in a very simple idea in 1923, at about the same time as Lowry and Brønsted made their proposals. A base, he proposed, is any species that can use two of its electrons to attach to an incoming species.

The role of 4-nitrobenzoic acid polymorphs in the crystallization process of organic acid–base multicomponent systems

CrystEngComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (40) ◽  
pp. 6038-6047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia Croitor ◽  
Mihaela F. Petric ◽  
Elisabeta I. Szerb ◽  
Gabriela Vlase ◽  
Paulina N. Bourosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

An investigation of the role of 4-nitrobenzoic acid polymorphs in the crystallization process of dimethylethanolammonium 4-nitrobenzoate from solution and comprehensive characterization of time-dependent changes associated with solid-state transformations are presented.

Plasminogen Activation In Vivo upon Intravenous Infusion of DDAVP

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Levi ◽  
Jan Paul de Boer ◽  
Dorina Roem ◽  
Jan Wouter ten Cate ◽  
C Erik Hack
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Fibrinolytic System ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Activity ◽  
Insight Into

SummaryInfusion of desamino-d-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) results in an increase in plasma plasminogen activator activity. Whether this increase results in the generation of plasmin in vivo has never been established.A novel sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the measurement of the complex between plasmin and its main inhibitor α2 antiplasmin (PAP complex) was developed using monoclonal antibodies preferentially reacting with complexed and inactivated α2-antiplasmin and monoclonal antibodies against plasmin. The assay was validated in healthy volunteers and in patients with an activated fibrinolytic system.Infusion of DDAVP in a randomized placebo controlled crossover study resulted in all volunteers in a 6.6-fold increase in PAP complex, which was maximal between 15 and 30 min after the start of the infusion. Hereafter, plasma levels of PAP complex decreased with an apparent half-life of disappearance of about 120 min. Infusion of DDAVP did not induce generation of thrombin, as measured by plasma levels of prothrombin fragment F1+2 and thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complex.We conclude that the increase in plasminogen activator activity upon the infusion of DDAVP results in the in vivo generation of plasmin, in the absence of coagulation activation. Studying the DDAVP induced increase in PAP complex of patients with thromboembolic disease and a defective plasminogen activator response upon DDAVP may provide more insight into the role of the fibrinolytic system in the pathogenesis of thrombosis.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

The role of surface chemical states on the photocatalytic behavior of all-inorganic mixed halide perovskite nanocrystals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Fabián Gualdrón-Reyes ◽  
Iván Mora-Seró ◽  
Eliseo Amado-González ◽  
Jorge-Enrique Rueda-P ◽  
Rogelio Ospina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Perovskite Nanocrystals ◽  
Chemical States ◽  
Halide Perovskite

Dažu vācu muzikālo tradīciju pārnese latviešu kultūrtelpā 18. gadsimta II pusē

Letonica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Māra Grudule
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
German Society ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Popular Songs ◽  
Death Of Jesus ◽  
Musical Traditions ◽  
Insight Into

The article gives insight into a specific component of the work of Baltic enlightener Gotthard Friedrich Stender (1714–1796) that has heretofore been almost unexplored — the transfer of German musical traditions to the Latvian cultural space. Even though there are no sources that claim that Stender was a composer himself, and none of his books contain musical notation, the texts that had been translated by Stender and published in the collections “Jaunas ziņģes” (New popular songs, 1774) and “Ziņģu lustes” (The Joy of singing, 1785, 1789) were meant for singing and, possibly, also for solo-singing with the accompaniment of some musical instrument. This is suggested, first, by how the form of the translation corresponds to the original’s form; second, by the directions, oftentimes attached to the text, that indicate the melody; and third, by the genres of the German originals cantata and song. Stender translated several compositions into Latvian including the text of the religious cantata “Der Tod Jesu” (The Death of Jesus, 1755) by composer Karl Heinrich Graun (1754–1759); songs by various composers that were widely known in German society; as well as a collection of songs by the composer Johann Gottlieb Naumann (1741–1801) that, in its original form, was published together with notation and was intended for solo-singing (female vocals) with the accompaniment of a piano. This article reveals the context of German musical life in the second half of the 18th century and explains the role of music as an instrument of education in Baltic-German and Latvian societies.

The Role of Industry-Academia Collaborative Research in Mineral Exploration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Marlatt
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
The University ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Economic Mineral

ABSTRACT Many people may not be aware of the extent of Kurt Kyser's collaboration with mineral exploration companies through applied research and the development of innovative exploration technologies, starting at the University of Saskatchewan and continuing through the Queen's Facility for Isotope Research. Applied collaborative, geoscientific, industry-academia research and development programs can yield technological innovations that can improve the mineral exploration discovery rates of economic mineral deposits. Alliances between exploration geoscientists and geoscientific researchers can benefit both parties, contributing to the pure and applied geoscientific knowledge base and the development of innovations in mineral exploration technology. Through a collaboration that spanned over three decades, we gained insight into the potential for economic uranium deposits around the world in Canada, Australia, USA, Finland, Russia, Gabon, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, and Guyana. Kurt, his research team, postdoctoral fellows, and students developed technological innovations related to holistic basin analysis for economic mineral potential, isotopes in mineral exploration, and biogeochemical exploration, among others. In this paper, the business of mineral exploration is briefly described, and some examples of industry-academic collaboration innovations brought forward through Kurt's research are identified. Kurt was a masterful and capable knowledge broker, which is a key criterion for bringing new technologies to application—a grand, curious, credible, patient, and attentive communicator—whether talking about science, business, or life and with first ministers, senior technocrats, peers, board members, first nation peoples, exploration geologists, investors, students, citizens, or friends.

Gender Differences in Empathy During Adolescence: Does Emotional Self-Awareness Matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412097663
Author(s):  
Cristina Trentini ◽  
Renata Tambelli ◽  
Silvia Maiorani ◽  
Marco Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Emotional Concern ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Tas 20

Empathy refers to the capacity to experience emotions similar to those observed or imagined in another person, with the full knowledge that the other person is the source of these emotions. Awareness of one's own emotional states is a prerequisite for self-other differentiation to develop. This study investigated gender differences in empathy during adolescence and tested whether emotional self-awareness explained these differences. Two-hundred-eleven adolescents (108 girls and 103 boys) between 14 and 19 years completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to assess empathy and emotional self-awareness, respectively. Overall, girls obtained higher scores than boys on IRI subscales like emotional concern, personal distress, and fantasy. Regarding emotional self-awareness, we found gender differences in TAS-20 scores, with girls reporting greater difficulty identifying feelings and less externally oriented thinking than boys. Difficulty identifying feelings explained the greatest personal distress experienced by girls. Lower externally oriented thinking accounted for girls’ greater emotional concern and fantasy. These findings offer an insight into the role of emotional self-awareness–which is essential for self-other differentiation–as an account for gender differences in empathic abilities during adolescence. In girls, difficulty identifying feelings can impair the ability to differentiate between ones’ and others’ emotions, leading them to experience self-focused and aversive responses when confronted with others’ suffering. Conversely, in boys, externally oriented thinking can mitigate personal distress when faced with others’ discomfort.

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