scholarly journals Subtle Control of Carbon Chain Length in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Synthases

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Naka ◽  
Kenshin Ikeuchi ◽  
Shohei Hayashi ◽  
Yasuharu Satoh ◽  
Yasushi Ogasawara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthases

Control Mechanism for Carbon‐Chain Length in Polyunsaturated Fatty‐Acid Synthases

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (20) ◽  
pp. 6677-6682
Author(s):  
Shohei Hayashi ◽  
Mai Naka ◽  
Kenshin Ikeuchi ◽  
Makoto Ohtsuka ◽  
Kota Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthases

Control Mechanism for Carbon‐Chain Length in Polyunsaturated Fatty‐Acid Synthases

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (20) ◽  
pp. 6605-6610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohei Hayashi ◽  
Mai Naka ◽  
Kenshin Ikeuchi ◽  
Makoto Ohtsuka ◽  
Kota Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthases

scholarly journals SELECTIVITY OF CANDIDA RUGOSA LIPASE IMMOBILIZED ONTO LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES AS CATALYST IN SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACID ESTERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Siti Salhah Othman ◽  
Noor Mona Md Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Acid Esters

The enzymatic selectivity of Lipase from Candida rugosa immobilized onto a calcined layered double hydroxide (CLDHs-CRL) towards the chain-length of fatty acids and alcohols in the synthesis of fatty acid esters was investigated.  The results showed that CMAN-CRL catalyzed the esterification process with fatty acids of medium chain lengths (C10-C14) effectively while, CNAN-CRL and CZAN-CRL exhibited high percentage conversion in fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of C8-C12 and C10-C18, respectively. In the alcohol selectivity study, CMAN-CRL showed high selectivity toward alcohols with carbon chain lengths of C4, C6 and C10.  On the other hand, both CNAN-CRL and CZAN-CRL exhibited rather low selectivity towards longer carbon chain length of alcohols. 

scholarly journals Polyenoic very-long-chain fatty acids mobilize intracellular calcium from a thapsigargin-insensitive pool in human neutrophils. The relationship between Ca2+ mobilization and superoxide production induced by long- and very-long-chain fatty acids

1995 ◽  
Vol 311 (2) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Hardy ◽  
B S Robinson ◽  
A Ferrante ◽  
C S T Hii ◽  
D W Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Fatty acids with more than 22 carbon atoms (very-long-chain fatty acids; VLCFAs) are normal cellular components that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of peroxisomal disorders. To date, however, essentially nothing is known regarding their biological activities. Ca2+ mobilization is an important intracellular signalling system for a variety of agonists and cell types. Given that several polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids mobilize intracellular Ca2+ and that we have postulated that the VLCFAs may be involved in signal transduction, we examined whether the tetraenoic VLCFA induced Ca2+ mobilization in human neutrophils. We report that fatty acid-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization declined for fatty acid species of more than 20 carbon atoms, but increased again as the carbon chain length approached 30. This Ca2+ mobilization occurred independently of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate production and protein kinase C translocation and involved both the release of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores and changes to the influx or efflux of the ion. We further observed that triacontatetraenoic acid [30:4(n-6)] mobilized Ca2+ from a thapsigargin-insensitive intracellular pool distinct from the thapsigargin-sensitive pools affected by arachidonic acid [20:4(n - 6)] or N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP). 20:4 (n - 6) induced strong superoxide production (chemiluminescence) which was inhibited by thapsigargin pretreatment. In contrast, fatty acid-induced superoxide production progressively declined as the carbon chain length increased beyond 20-22 carbon atoms. Further studies suggested that the thapsigargin-insensitive Ca2+ mobilization elicited by 30:4 (n - 6) was not related to oxyradical formation, while the thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+ mobilization induced by 20:4 (n - 6) may be involved in the initiation but not necessarily the maintenance of superoxide production. In conclusion, this is the first report to demonstrate a biological activity for the VLCFA and indicates that 30:4 (n - 6) influences second messenger systems in intact cells that differ from those affected by long-chain fatty acids such as 20:4 (n - 6).

scholarly journals Effects of Perfluorinated Fatty Acids with Different Carbon Chain Length on Fatty Acid Profiles of Hepatic Lipids in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 856-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Kudo ◽  
Tohru Yamazaki ◽  
Takeshi Sakamoto ◽  
Katsuyoshi Sunaga ◽  
Tadashi Tsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Lipids

scholarly journals Effect of Carbon Chain Length, Ionic Strength, and pH on the In Vitro Release Kinetics of Cationic Drugs from Fatty-Acid-Loaded Contact Lenses

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Cesar Torres-Luna ◽  
Naiping Hu ◽  
Roman Domszy ◽  
Xin Fan ◽  
Jeff Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Cationic Drugs ◽  
Kinetics Of

This paper explores the use of fatty acids in silicone hydrogel contact lenses for extending the release duration of cationic drugs. Drug release kinetics was dependent on the carbon chain length of the fatty acid loaded in the lens, with 12-, 14- and 18-carbon chain length fatty acids increasing the uptake and the release duration of ketotifen fumarate (KTF) and tetracaine hydrochloride (THCL). Drug release kinetics from oleic acid-loaded lenses was evaluated in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at different ionic strengths (I = 167, 500, 1665 mM); the release duration of KTF and THCL was decreased with increasing ionic strength of the release medium. Furthermore, the release of KTF and THCL in deionized water did not show a burst and was significantly slower compared to that in PBS. The release kinetics of KTF and THCL was significantly faster when the pH of the release medium was decreased from 7.4 towards 5.5 because of the decrease in the relative amounts of oleate anions in the lens mostly populated at the polymer–pore interfaces. The use of boundary charges at the polymer–pore interfaces of a contact lens to enhance drug partition and extend its release is further confirmed by loading cationic phytosphingosine in contact lenses to attract an anionic drug.

Evaluation of an Improved Sublimation Apparatus Utilizing Carbon-14 Labeled Methyl Esters of Fatty Acids

1963 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-949
Author(s):  
A J Sheppard ◽  
L A Ford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Mixed Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Acid Methyl

Abstract An improved sublimation appparatus has been designed and tested. The unit was tested with carbon-14 labeled methyl esters of fatty acids up through 22 carbon chain length. Samples of 40 mg or less of mixed fatty acid methyl esters can be sublimed routinely with recoveries of approximately 100%.

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