Estimating the average carbon chain length of saturated fatty acid esters by infrared spectroscopy

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 304-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Keeney
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals SELECTIVITY OF CANDIDA RUGOSA LIPASE IMMOBILIZED ONTO LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES AS CATALYST IN SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACID ESTERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Siti Salhah Othman ◽  
Noor Mona Md Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Acid Esters

The enzymatic selectivity of Lipase from Candida rugosa immobilized onto a calcined layered double hydroxide (CLDHs-CRL) towards the chain-length of fatty acids and alcohols in the synthesis of fatty acid esters was investigated.  The results showed that CMAN-CRL catalyzed the esterification process with fatty acids of medium chain lengths (C10-C14) effectively while, CNAN-CRL and CZAN-CRL exhibited high percentage conversion in fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of C8-C12 and C10-C18, respectively. In the alcohol selectivity study, CMAN-CRL showed high selectivity toward alcohols with carbon chain lengths of C4, C6 and C10.  On the other hand, both CNAN-CRL and CZAN-CRL exhibited rather low selectivity towards longer carbon chain length of alcohols. 

scholarly journals Impact of Selected Cosmetic Ingredients on Common Microorganisms of Healthy Human Skin

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dobler ◽  
Thomas Schmidts ◽  
Sören Wildenhain ◽  
Ilona Seewald ◽  
Michael Merzhäuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Acid Esters

Human skin is a complex ecosystem and is host to a large number of microorganisms. When the bacterial ecosystem is balanced and differentiated, skin remains healthy. However, the use of cosmetics can change this balance and promote the appearance of skin diseases. The skin’s microorganisms can utilize some cosmetic components, which either promote their growth, or produce metabolites that influence the skin environment. In this study, we tested the ability of the Malassezia species and some bacterial strains to assimilate substances frequently used in dermal formulations. The growth capability of microorganisms was determined and their lipase activity was analyzed. The growth of all Malassezia spp. in the presence of free acids, free acid esters, and fatty alcohols with a fatty chain length above 12 carbon atoms was observed. No growth was observed in the presence of fatty alcohol ethers, secondary fatty alcohols, paraffin- and silicon-based substances, polymers, polyethylene glycols, quaternary ammonium salts, hydroxy fatty acid esters, or fatty acids and fatty acid esters with a fatty chain length shorter than 12 carbon atoms. The hydrolysis of esters by Malassezia lipases was detected using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The production of free fatty acids as well as fatty alcohols was observed. The growth promotion or inhibition of bacterial strains was only found in the presence of a few ingredients. Based on these results, formulations containing microbiome inert ingredients were developed.

scholarly journals Subtle Control of Carbon Chain Length in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Synthases

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Naka ◽  
Kenshin Ikeuchi ◽  
Shohei Hayashi ◽  
Yasuharu Satoh ◽  
Yasushi Ogasawara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthases

THE SEPARATION OF SATURATED AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACID ESTERS BY GAS–LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1297-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Craig ◽  
N. L. Murty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silicone Grease ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Acid Esters

Fatty acid methyl esters are separated according to chain length by using washed silicone grease supported on 20–40 mesh C22 firebrick. By using a plasticizer on the firebrick support the same esters are separated according to both chain length and degree of unsaturation. Together the two procedures can be used to determine the component fatty acids in fats and oils. Nearly parallel linear relations are obtained for saturated, monoethenoid, diethenoid, and triethenoid methyl esters when the logarithm of emergence time is plotted against the carbon number of the fatty acid.

Surface modification model of long afterglow phosphors by saturated fatty acid based Al-Zr coupling agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yin ◽  
Can Xue ◽  
Bin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Afterglow ◽  
Chain Lengths

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of different carbon chain lengths in coupling agents on the water resistance and compatibility of modified long afterglow phosphors and attempt to obtain their modification model and mechanism. Design/methodology/approach Three saturated-fatty-acid (caprylic, lauric, stearic acid)-based Al-Zr CAs (coupling agent) was synthesised and applied to modify the long afterglow phosphors SrMgAl4O8:Eu2+,Dy3+. Findings Results show that the coated amount on phosphors decreased from 13.41 to 6.53 per cent with the increased carbon chain length of fatty acid, and the better water resistant and suitability with organic resin can be obtained by lauric-based Al-Zr CA. Originality/value Considering that the decomposition process of modified phosphor was related with the decomposition performance of corresponding coupling agents and original phosphor, a method was first proposed to calculate the coated amount on phosphors by thermogravimetric analyser parameters.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Thermal, and Catalytic Properties of Eight New Complexes of Metal(II) Formates or Propionates with Imidazole, Relationship between the Carbon Chain Length and Catalytic Activity

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Rogalewicz ◽  
Tomasz Maniecki ◽  
Radosław Ciesielski ◽  
Agnieszka Czylkowska
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
The Relationship

In one of our previously published articles, we reported the synthesis, spectroscopic, thermal, and catalytic properties of four new M(II) acetate (where M = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) complexes with imidazole. Presented compounds exhibited activity in the reaction on catalytic oxidation of styrene. In this study we have synthesized and investigated properties of analogous compounds, however using formates or propionates of mentioned metal cations instead of acetates. Such an approach allowed us to draw valuable conclusions concerning the relationship between the carbon chain length and catalytic activity, which is an important factor for catalyst modeling. Synthesized compounds have been thoroughly investigated using appropriate analytic techniques: AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry), FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis). Catalytic properties have been studied under the same previous conditions, using GC-FID (GC-chromatograph equipped with FID detector).

scholarly journals The occurrence of long-chain polyprenols in leaves of plants of Combretaceae family.

1996 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kulcitsky ◽  
J Hertel ◽  
E Skoczylas ◽  
E Swiezewska ◽  
T Chojnacki
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Combretum Molle ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Long Chain

The presence of poly-cis-prenols of chain length 20-60 isoprene units or longer in leaves of plants belonging to Combretaceae family was shown to be a common feature in this group of plants. The polyprenols of this type were found in half of the 20 species studied. In most cases the polyprenols occurred in the form of fatty acid esters. Only in one species--Combretum molle, the polyprenols were found in the form of free alcohols. The amount of long-chain polyprenols varied with the plant species; the richest source was C. molle (about 4% of dry mass of leaves). Polyprenol groups characteristic of other systematic families of plants were not found in the Combretaceae studied.

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