Understanding the Impact of Different Types of Surface States on Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation: A Microkinetic Modeling Approach

ACS Catalysis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 14649-14660
Author(s):  
Kiran George ◽  
Tigran Khachatrjan ◽  
Matthijs van Berkel ◽  
Vivek Sinha ◽  
Anja Bieberle-Hütter
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Microkinetic Modeling ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Passivation of surface states by ALD-grown TiO2 overlayers on Ta3N5 anodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (57) ◽  
pp. 8806-8809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Tuo Wang ◽  
Jinlong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

This paper describes the fabrication of TiO2 overlayers by atomic layer deposition to passivate the surface states on Ta3N5 thin film anodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation.

Boosting Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation of Hematite by Surface States Modification

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Yi Tang ◽  
Li-Juan Han ◽  
Franziska Simone Hegner ◽  
Paul Paciok ◽  
Martí Biset-Peiró ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Boosting the efficiency of water oxidation via surface states on hematite photoanodes by incorporating Bi3+ ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 4207-4218
Author(s):  
Abdul Zeeshan Khan ◽  
Tarek A. Kandiel ◽  
Safwat Abdel-Azeim ◽  
Khalid Alhooshani
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Kinetics ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Surface States ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

The incorporation of Bi3+ ions into the hematite crystal structure induces the creation of oxygen vacancies and boosts the photoelectrochemical water oxidation kinetics.

In3+-doped BiVO4 photoanodes with passivated surface states for photoelectrochemical water oxidation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 10456-10465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Zhong ◽  
Huichao He ◽  
Minji Yang ◽  
Gaili Ke ◽  
Zongyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

In3+-doped BiVO4 film photoanodes with passivated surface states for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation.

Bridging surface states and current–potential response over hematite-based photoelectrochemical water oxidation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (88) ◽  
pp. 85582-85586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiliang Wang ◽  
Fengtao Fan ◽  
Shengyang Wang ◽  
Chunmei Ding ◽  
Yongle Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Potential Response ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation ◽  
Current Potential ◽  
Potential Curves

The relation between surface states and the photoresponse on a hematite photoanode unraveled in electrochemical way indicates that the distribution of surface states determines the current–potential curves.

Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water splitting with a CoOx catalyst prepared by flame assisted deposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusheng Li ◽  
Ziqi Zhao ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Dinghua Zhou ◽  
Yilong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

A cobalt oxide catalyst prepared by a flame-assisted deposition method on the surface of FTO and hematite for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation, respectively.

Quota Women Are Threatening to Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klea Faniko ◽  
Till Burckhardt ◽  
Oriane Sarrasin ◽  
Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi ◽  
Siri Øyslebø Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Women In Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2 (N = 239) showed that different types of AA had different effects on the attribution of gender stereotypes to AAP beneficiaries: Women benefiting from a quota policy were perceived as being more communal than agentic, while those benefiting from weak preferential treatment were perceived as being more agentic than communal. Furthermore, we examined how the belief that AAPs threaten men’s access to decision-making positions influenced the attribution of these traits to AAP beneficiaries. The results showed that men who reported high levels of perceived threat, as compared to men who reported low levels of perceived threat, attributed more communal than agentic traits to the beneficiaries of quotas. These findings suggest that AAPs may have created a backlash against its beneficiaries by emphasizing gender-stereotypical or counterstereotypical traits. Thus, the framing of AAPs, for instance, as a matter of enhancing organizational performance, in the process of policy making and implementation, may be a crucial tool to countering potential backlash.

The Impact of School Environment and Grade Level on Student Delinquency: A Multilevel Modeling Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia C. Lo ◽  
Young S. Kim ◽  
Thomas Allen ◽  
Andrea Allen ◽  
P. Allison Minugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
The Impact

Situational Breakdowns

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nassauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This book provides an account of how and why routine interactions break down and how such situational breakdowns lead to protest violence and other types of surprising social outcomes. It takes a close-up look at the dynamic processes of how situations unfold and compares their role to that of motivations, strategies, and other contextual factors. The book discusses factors that can draw us into violent situations and describes how and why we make uncommon individual and collective decisions. Covering different types of surprise outcomes from protest marches and uprisings turning violent to robbers failing to rob a store at gunpoint, it shows how unfolding situations can override our motivations and strategies and how emotions and culture, as well as rational thinking, still play a part in these events. The first chapters study protest violence in Germany and the United States from 1960 until 2010, taking a detailed look at what happens between the start of a protest and the eruption of violence or its peaceful conclusion. They compare the impact of such dynamics to the role of police strategies and culture, protesters’ claims and violent motivations, the black bloc and agents provocateurs. The analysis shows how violence is triggered, what determines its intensity, and which measures can avoid its outbreak. The book explores whether we find similar situational patterns leading to surprising outcomes in other types of small- and large-scale events: uprisings turning violent, such as Ferguson in 2014 and Baltimore in 2015, and failed armed store robberies.

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