Anisotropic Alginate Hydrogels Promote Axonal Growth across Chronic Spinal Cord Transections after Scar Removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2274-2286
Author(s):  
Lulu Huang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Mingxin Zhu ◽  
Xueyan Wan ◽  
Huaqiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Alginate Hydrogels

Carbon filament implants promote axonal growth across the transected rat spinal cord

1991 ◽  
Vol 541 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talat Khan ◽  
Michael Dauzvardis ◽  
Scott Sayers
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Carbon Filament

Development of Polymeric Nerve Guidance Conduits That Contain Anisotropic Cues Including Aligned Microfibers and Gradients of Adsorbed Laminin-1

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared M. Cregg ◽  
Han Bing Wang ◽  
Michael E. Mullins ◽  
Ryan J. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Contact Guidance ◽  
Directional Growth ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons ◽  
Neurite Extension ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Laminin 1

Structures that direct neurite extension are important for regeneration following spinal cord injury and peripheral nerve injury. Within the spinal cord, neurons encounter a glial scar environment that impedes regeneration. In the peripheral nervous system, endogenous regeneration cannot occur across nerve gaps greater than 2mm. Current repair strategies use guidance conduits to channel axonal growth towards distal targets. While showing promise, conduit walls do not provide a suitable environment for neuronal attachment or extension, and axonal growth within conduits remains tortuous. Hence, there is a need for development of three-dimensional (3D) structures that use contact guidance—rather than confinement—as a means of guided regeneration. Our laboratory has developed aligned, electrospun fiber matrices that have been shown to direct neurite extension in vitro. In addition, a gradient of the glycoprotein laminin-1 has been adsorbed onto aligned microfiber matrices to stimulate directional growth. These matrices were then manipulated into 3D conduit structures. Novel polymeric conduits that utilize contact guidance and contain gradients of molecules that stimulate directional growth have the potential to foster fast, directed regeneration into and through conduit structures.

scholarly journals Ibuprofen Enhances Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury by Limiting Tissue Loss and Stimulating Axonal Growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing Wang ◽  
Stephane Budel ◽  
Kenneth Baughman ◽  
Grahame Gould ◽  
Kang-Ho Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Long-Distance Axonal Growth from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells after Spinal Cord Injury

Neuron ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lu ◽  
Grace Woodruff ◽  
Yaozhi Wang ◽  
Lori Graham ◽  
Matt Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Exosome-Mediated siRNA pool Inhibits Axonal Growth Inhibitor in Cortical Neurons of Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liao ◽  
Jiang-Hua Ming ◽  
Ge-Liang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Axon Growth ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Primary Cortical Neurons ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Background: As exosomes have been confirmed as a reservoir of siRNAs involved in certain diseases, the current study aims to investigate whether exosomal-siRNA could exert a protective role in spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods and Results: Exosomes in our experiment were isolated from lysosomal membrane-associated protein 2b (Lamp2b) overexpression HEK 293T cells, and purity of exosomes was characterized by the expression of CD9, CD47, and CD63 via western blot. Furthermore, the siRNA pool contains four siRNAs including siRNA-NgR, siRNA-LINGO-1, siRNA-Troy, and siRNA-PTEN was loaded to the exosomes, which indicated a significant role for the siRNA pool in reducing the expression of axon growth inhibitory factors. Upon the completion of loading into exosomes (exo-siRNA pool), the exo-siRNA pool was injected into primary cortical neurons of the SCI model in rats before cell proliferation and Rho expression were determined With the results revealed that purified addition could be applied to future experiments. The exo-siRNA pooled transfection caused downregulation of axon growth suppressors in primary cortical neurons including Nogo receptors (NgR), leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 1 (LINGO-1), Troy, and phosphatase and tenson homolog (PTEN). Cell proliferation and Rho expression of primary cortical neurons inhibited the expression of axonal growth inhibitors in rats with SCI by transfecting exogenous Sirna. Conclusion: This study confirmed that exosomes derived from Lamp2b overexpression HEK 293T cells facilitated both the recovery of functions and the survival of neurons when being loaded with the siRNA pool.

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