Defect and Additional Active Sites on the Basal Plane of Manganese-Doped Molybdenum Diselenide for Effective Enzyme Immobilization: In Vitro and in Vivo Real-Time Analyses of Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 7862-7871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanya Ramaraj ◽  
Mani Sakthivel ◽  
Shen-Ming Chen ◽  
Bih-Show Lou ◽  
Kuo-Chuan Ho
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Molybdenum Diselenide

Action of Thioglycosides of 1,2,4-Triazoles and Imidazoles on the Oxidative Stress and Glycosidases in Mice with Molecular Docking

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-710
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Balbaa ◽  
Doaa Awad ◽  
Ahmad Abd Elaal ◽  
Shimaa Mahsoub ◽  
Mayssaa Moharram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Imidazole Ring ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Binding Interaction ◽  
Qsar Study

Background: ,2,3-Triazoles and imidazoles are important five-membered heterocyclic scaffolds due to their extensive biological activities. These products have been an area of growing interest to many researchers around the world because of their enormous pharmaceutical scope. Methods: The in vivo and in vitro enzyme inhibition of some thioglycosides encompassing 1,2,4- triazole N1, N2, and N3 and/or imidazole moieties N4, N5, and N6. The effect on the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) was investigated as well as their effect on α-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase. Molecular docking studies were carried out to investigate the mode of the binding interaction of the compounds with α- glucosidase and β -glucuronidase. In addition, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) investigation was applied to find out the correlation between toxicity and physicochemical properties. Results: The decrease of the antioxidant status was revealed by the in vivo effect of the tested compounds. Furthermore, the in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects of the tested compounds were clearly pronounced on α-glucosidase, but not β-glucuronidase. The IC50 and Ki values revealed that the thioglycoside - based 1,2,4-triazole N3 possesses a high inhibitory action. In addition, the in vitro studies demonstrated that the whole tested 1,2,4-triazole are potent inhibitors with a Ki magnitude of 10-6 and exhibited a competitive type inhibition. On the other hand, the thioglycosides - based imidazole ring showed an antioxidant activity and exerted a slight in vivo stimulation of α-glucosidase and β- glucuronidase. Molecular docking proved that the compounds exhibited binding affinity with the active sites of α -glucosidase and β-glucuronidase (docking score ranged from -2.320 to -4.370 kcal/mol). Furthermore, QSAR study revealed that the HBD and RB were found to have an overall significant correlation with the toxicity. Conclusion: These data suggest that the inhibition of α-glucosidase is accompanied by an oxidative stress action.

scholarly journals Transient ICD malfunctions during oncologic radiotherapy: a multi-centre, randomized, in-vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Di Girolamo ◽  
M Appignani ◽  
N Furia ◽  
M Marini ◽  
P De Filippo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
In Vivo Dosimetry ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators ◽  
Shock Delivery ◽  
Transient Electromagnetic ◽  
Direct Exposure

Abstract Background Direct exposure of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) during radiotherapy is still considered potentially harmful, or even unsafe, by manufacturers and current recommendations. The effects of photon beams on ICDs are unpredictable, depending on multiple factors, and malfunctions may present during exposure. Purpose To evaluate transient ICD malfunctions by direct exposure to doses up to 10 Gy during low-energy RT, forty-three contemporary wireless-enabled ICDs, with at least 4 months to elective replacement indicator (ERI) were evaluated in a real-time in-vitro session in three different centres. Methods All ICDs had baseline interrogation. Single chamber devices were programmed to the VVI/40 mode and dual or triple chamber devices were programmed to the DDD/40 mode. Rate response function and antitachycardia therapies were disabled, with the ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) detection windows still active. A centring computed tomography was performed to build the corresponding treatment plan and the ICDs were blinded randomized to receive either 2-, 5- or 10-Gy exposure by a low photon-energy linear accelerator (6MV) in a homemade water phantom (600 MU/min). The effective dose received by the ICDs was randomly assessed by an in-vivo dosimetry. During radiotherapy, the ICDs were observed in a real-time session using manufacturer specific programmer, and device function (pacing, sensing, programmed parameters, arrhythmia detections) was recorder by the video camera in the bunker throughout the entire photon exposure. All ICDs had an interrogation session immediately after exposure. Results During radiotherapy course, almost all ICDs (93%) recorded major or minor transient electromagnetic interferences. On detail, sixteen ICDs (37.2%) reported atrial and/or ventricular oversensing, with base-rate-pacing inhibition and VT/VF detection. Twenty-four ICDs (55.8%) recorded non clinically relevant noise, and no detections were observed. Only three ICDs (7%) reported neither transient malfunction nor minor noise, withstanding direct radiation exposure. At immediate post-exposure interrogation, the ICDs that recorded major real-time malfunctions had VT/VF detections stored in the device memory. In none of the ICDs spontaneous changes in parameter settings were reported. Malfunctions occurred regardless of either 2-, 5- or 10-Gy photon beam exposure. Conclusions Transient electromagnetic interferences were observed in most of the contemporary ICDs during radiotherapy course, regardless of photon dose. To avoid potentially life-threatening ICD malfunctions such as pacing inhibition or inappropriate shock delivery, magnet application on the pocket site or ICD reprogramming to the asynchronous mode are still suggested in ICD patients ongoing even low energy radiotherapy exposure. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Facile solvothermal synthesis of ultrathin spinel ZnMn2O4 nanospheres: An efficient electrocatalyst for in vivo and in vitro real time monitoring of H2O2

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
pp. 115674
Author(s):  
Muthaiah Annalakshmi ◽  
Sakthivel Kumaravel ◽  
T.S.T. Balamurugan ◽  
Shen-Ming Chen ◽  
Ju-Liang He
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Solvothermal Synthesis ◽  
Real Time Monitoring

scholarly journals Non-invasive, real-time reporting drug release in vitro and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (32) ◽  
pp. 6948-6951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Zhang ◽  
Qian Yin ◽  
Jonathan Yen ◽  
Joanne Li ◽  
Hanze Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fluorescence Dye

Anin vitroandin vivodrug-reporting system is developed for real-time monitoring of drug release via the analysis of the concurrently released near-infrared fluorescence dye.

scholarly journals Prion Disease Blood Test Using Immunoprecipitation and Improved Quaking-Induced Conversion

mBio ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D. Orrú ◽  
Jason M. Wilham ◽  
Lynne D. Raymond ◽  
Franziska Kuhn ◽  
Björn Schroeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathies ◽  
Jakob Disease

ABSTRACT A key challenge in managing transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases in medicine, agriculture, and wildlife biology is the development of practical tests for prions that are at or below infectious levels. Of particular interest are tests capable of detecting prions in blood components such as plasma, but blood typically has extremely low prion concentrations and contains inhibitors of the most sensitive prion tests. One of the latter tests is quaking-induced conversion (QuIC), which can be as sensitive as in vivo bioassays, but much more rapid, higher throughput, and less expensive. Now we have integrated antibody 15B3-based immunoprecipitation with QuIC reactions to increase sensitivity and isolate prions from inhibitors such as those in plasma samples. Coupling of immunoprecipitation and an improved real-time QuIC reaction dramatically enhanced detection of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) brain tissue diluted into human plasma. Dilutions of 1014-fold, containing ~2 attogram (ag) per ml of proteinase K-resistant prion protein, were readily detected, indicating ~10,000-fold greater sensitivity for vCJD brain than has previously been reported. We also discriminated between plasma and serum samples from scrapie-infected and uninfected hamsters, even in early preclinical stages. This combined assay, which we call “enhanced QuIC” (eQuIC), markedly improves prospects for routine detection of low levels of prions in tissues, fluids, or environmental samples. IMPORTANCE Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are largely untreatable and are difficult to diagnose definitively prior to irreversible clinical decline or death. The transmissibility of TSEs within and between species highlights the need for practical tests for even the smallest amounts of infectivity. A few sufficiently sensitive in vitro methods have been reported, but most have major limitations that would preclude their use in routine diagnostic or screening applications. Our new assay improves the outlook for such critical applications. We focused initially on blood plasma because a practical blood test for prions would be especially valuable for TSE diagnostics and risk reduction. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) in particular has been transmitted between humans via blood transfusions. Enhanced real-time quaking-induced conversion (eRTQ) provides by far the most sensitive detection of vCJD to date. The 15B3 antibody binds prions of multiple species, suggesting that our assay may be useful for clinical and fundamental studies of a variety of TSEs of humans and animals.

A novel colorimetric and near-infrared fluorescent probe for hydrogen peroxide imaging in vitro and in vivo

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (104) ◽  
pp. 85957-85963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
Yibo Mao ◽  
Yueqing Gu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Near Infrared

A novel NIR fluorescent probe (DCM-B2) based on dicyanomethylene-4H-pyran was synthesized for the detection of H2O2.

scholarly journals Hexarelin exerts neuroprotective and antioxidant effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity through the modulation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt patways in Neuro-2A cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Meanti ◽  
Laura Rizzi ◽  
Elena Bresciani ◽  
Laura Molteni ◽  
Vittorio Locatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell Line ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
No Production ◽  
Mrna Levels

AbstractHexarelin, a synthetic hexapeptide, protects cardiac and skeletal muscles by inhibiting apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, evidence suggests that hexarelin could have important neuroprotective bioactivity.Oxidative stress and the generation of free radicals has been implicated in the etiologies of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease and multiple sclerosis. In addition to direct oxidative stress, exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can penetrate biological membranes and enhance the formation of other reactive oxygen species.The aim of this study was to examine the inhibitory influence of hexarelin on H2O2-induced apoptosis in Neuro-2A cells, a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Our results indicate that H2O2 reduced the viability of Neuro-2A cells in a dose-related fashion. Furthermore, H2O2 induced significant changes in the morphology of Neuro-2A cells, reflected in the formation of apoptotic cell bodies, and an increase of nitric oxide (NO) production. Hexarelin effectively antagonized H2O2 oxidative damage to Neuro-2A cells as indicated by improved cell viability, normal morphology and reduced nitrite (NO2−) release. Hexarelin treatment of Neuro-2A cells also reduced mRNA levels of caspases−3 and −7 and those of the pro-apoptotic molecule Bax; by contrast, hexarelin treatment increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA levels. Hexarelin also reduced MAPKs phosphorylation induced by H2O2 and concurrently increased p-Akt protein expression.In conclusion, our results identify several neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of hexarelin. These properties suggest that further investigation of hexarelin as a neuroprotective agent in an investigational and therapeutic context are merited.

scholarly journals The circRAB3IP Mediated by eIF4A3 and LEF1 Contributes to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer by Targeting miR-133a-3p/miR-133b/SGK1 Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Chen ◽  
Yaqin Wang ◽  
Feiya Yang ◽  
Adili Keranmu ◽  
Qingxin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Regulatory Effects

An increasing number of studies have shown that circRNAs are closely related to the carcinogenesis and development of prostate cancer (PCa). However, little is known about the effect of the biological functions of circRNAs on the enzalutamide resistance of PCa. Through bioinformatic analysis and experiments, we investigated the expression pattern of circRNAs in enzalutamide-resistant PCa cells. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of circRAB3IP, and plasmids that knock down or overexpress circRAB3IP were used to evaluate its effect on the enzalutamide sensitivity of PCa cells. Mechanistically, we explored the potential regulatory effects of eIF4A3 and LEF1 on the biogenesis of circRAB3IP. Our in vivo and in vitro data indicated that increased expression of circRAB3IP was found in enzalutamide-resistant PCa, and knockdown of circRAB3IP significantly enhanced enzalutamide sensitivity in PCa cells. However, upregulation of circRAB3IP resulted in the opposite effects. Further mechanistic research demonstrated that circRAB3IP could regulate the expression of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) by serving as a sponge that directly targets miR-133a-3p/miR-133b. Then, we showed that circRAB3IP partially exerted its biological functions via SGK1 signaling. Furthermore, we discovered that eIF4A3 and LEF1 might increase circRAB3IP expression in PCa.

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