scholarly journals Low-Molecular-Weight Dextran Sulfate Nanocapsules Inhibit the Adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to Gastric Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 4777-4789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Menchicchi ◽  
Eleni Savvaidou ◽  
Christian Thöle ◽  
Andreas Hensel ◽  
Francisco M. Goycoolea
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Gastric Cells

Low molecular weight dextran sulfate as complement inhibitor and cytoprotectant in solid organ and islet transplantation

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (16) ◽  
pp. 4084-4094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Spirig ◽  
Thusitha Gajanayake ◽  
Olle Korsgren ◽  
Bo Nilsson ◽  
Robert Rieben
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Complement Inhibitor

scholarly journals Control of IBMIR Induced by Fresh and Cryopreserved Hepatocytes by Low Molecular Weight Dextran Sulfate versus Heparin

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Gustafson ◽  
Sana Asif ◽  
Huda Kozarcanin ◽  
Graciela Elgue ◽  
Staffan Meurling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unfractionated Heparin ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Hepatocyte Transplantation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Cascade Systems ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Compatible Blood

Rapid destruction of hepatocytes after hepatocyte transplantation has hampered the application of this procedure clinically. The instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) is a plausible underlying cause for this cell loss. The present study was designed to evaluate the capacity of low molecular weight dextran sulfate (LMW-DS) to control these initial reactions from the innate immune system. Fresh and cryopreserved hepatocytes were tested in an in vitro whole-blood model using ABO-compatible blood. The ability to elicit IBMIR and the capacity of LMW-DS (100 μg/ml) to attenuate the degree of activation of the cascade systems were monitored. The effect was also compared to conventional anticoagulant therapy using unfractionated heparin (1 IU/ml). Both fresh and freeze–thawed hepatocytes elicited IBMIR to the same extent. LMW-DS reduced the platelet loss and maintained the cell counts at the same degree as unfractionated heparin, but controlled the coagulation and complement systems significantly more efficiently than heparin. LMW-DS also attenuated the IBMIR elicited by freeze–thawed cells. Therefore, LMW-DS inhibits the cascade systems and maintains the cell counts in blood triggered by both fresh and cryopreserved hepatocytes in direct contact with ABO-matched blood. LMW-DS at a previously used and clinically applicable concentration (100 μg/ml) inhibits IBMIR in vitro and is therefore a potential IBMIR inhibitor in hepatocyte transplantation.

Low molecular weight dextran sulfate prevents complement activation and delays hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation models

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Fiorante ◽  
Yara Banz ◽  
Paul J. Mohacsi ◽  
Andreas Kappeler ◽  
Walter A. Wuillemin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Hyperacute Rejection ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Human Xenotransplantation

scholarly journals Serum IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori low molecular weight antigens 50kDa, 30kDa and Urease A 26 kDa, along with vacuolating cytotoxin A are associated with the outcome of the infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-412
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Manojlovic ◽  
Ivana Tufegdzic ◽  
Elizabeta Ristanovic ◽  
Dubravko Bokonjic
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Vacuolating Cytotoxin ◽  
Specific Outcome ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Topographic Distribution

Background/Aim. We designed and conducted this study due to the fact that results of the previous studies about seroreactivity to low-molecular-weight Helicobacter pylori antigens, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) in patients with gastric cancer and peptic ulcer were conflicting. Methods. The Western blot test was performed in 123 patients, 31 with gastric cancer, 31 with duodenal ulcer, 31 with gastric ulcer, 30 with gastritis and functional dyspepsia in order to determine IgG antibodies to H. pylori antigens (CagA, VacA, Heat shock protein 60kDa, Urease B 66 kDa, Flagellin 55kDa, 50kDa, 30 kDa, Urease A 26 kDa, 24 kDa). In this study we analyzed: seroreactivity to H. pylori antigens between group with functional dyspepsia and others; between grades of different histopathological parameters of inflammation of antral and corporal mucosa and between antrum-predominant gastritis and corpus-predominant gastritis + pangastritis groups. Results. It was shown that seropositivity to 50 kDa antigen could be used as a biomarker for functional dyspepsia, seropositivity to 30 kDa antigen for antrumpredominant gastritis and H. pylori colonization in the antrum, to UreaseA26 kDa antigen for pangastritis and corpus-predominant gastritis and degree of inflammation in the corpus. Seropositivity to VacA was the biomarker for gastric cancer and peptic ulcer taken together and inflammation of antral mucosa. Seropositivity to CagA was associated with more intensive inflammation of antral and corporal mucosa, Urease B66 kDa with inflammation of corpus mucosa, but neither of them with specific outcome of H. pylori infection and topographic distribution of gastric inflammation. Conclusion. Serum IgG antibodies to H. pylori antigens 50kDa, and VacA may represent useful biomarkers for the specific outcome of H. pylori infection, while serum antibodies to 30 kDa and UreaseA26 kDa antigens might be used as specific biomarkers for different topographic distribution of inflammation in gastric mucosa.

scholarly journals Low Molecular Weight Dextran Sulfate (ILB®) Administration Restores Brain Energy Metabolism Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Rat

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Giacomo Lazzarino ◽  
Angela Maria Amorini ◽  
Nicholas M. Barnes ◽  
Lars Bruce ◽  
Alvaro Mordente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Post Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in people less than 40 years of age in Western countries. Currently, there are no satisfying pharmacological treatments for TBI patients. In this study, we subjected rats to severe TBI (sTBI), testing the effects of a single subcutaneous administration, 30 min post-impact, of a new low molecular weight dextran sulfate, named ILB®, at three different dose levels (1, 5, and 15 mg/kg body weight). A group of control sham-operated animals and one of untreated sTBI rats were used for comparison (each group n = 12). On day 2 or 7 post-sTBI animals were sacrificed and the simultaneous HPLC analysis of energy metabolites, N-acetylaspartate (NAA), oxidized and reduced nicotinic coenzymes, water-soluble antioxidants, and biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative stress was carried out on deproteinized cerebral homogenates. Compared to untreated sTBI rats, ILB® improved energy metabolism by increasing ATP, ATP/ adenosine diphosphate ratio (ATP/ADP ratio), and triphosphate nucleosides, dose-dependently increased NAA concentrations, protected nicotinic coenzyme levels and their oxidized over reduced ratios, prevented depletion of ascorbate and reduced glutathione (GSH), and decreased oxidative (malondialdehyde formation) and nitrosative stress (nitrite + nitrate production). Although needing further experiments, these data provide the first evidence that a single post-injury injection of a new low molecular weight dextran sulfate (ILB®) has beneficial effects on sTBI metabolic damages. Due to the absence of adverse effects in humans, ILB® represents a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of sTBI patients.

Use of Sodium Polyanetholesulfonate-CaCl 2 for Removal of Serum Nonspecific Inhibitors of Rubella Hemagglutination: Comparison with Other Polyanion-Divalent Cation Combinations

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-358
Author(s):  
Mary L. Ellins ◽  
James B. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Serum Lipoproteins ◽  
Antibody Testing

By using trypsin-treated human type O cells as indicators, we compared the abilities of four polyanion-divalent cation combinations (heparin-MnCl 2 ; high-and low-molecular-weight dextran sulfate-CaCl 2 ; and sodium polyanetholesulfonate [SPS]-CaCl 2 ) for removal of serum non-immunoglobulin (lipoprotein) inhibitors of rubella hemagglutination. The combination of SPS-CaCl 2 was found to be the most effective, precipitating completely the pre-β and β-lipoproteins and reducing the α-lipoprotein levels by more than 50%. Hemagglutination patterns after this treatment were clear and stable, and, when normal sera were tested, hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titers were comparable to those obtained after standard heparin-MnCl 2 treatment. High-molecular-weight dextran sulfate-CaCl 2 removed serum lipoproteins almost as effectively as SPS-CaCl 2 . However, problems of nonspecific agglutination and the heavy hemagglutination patterns resulting made this combination unacceptable for routine purposes. Neither low-molecular-weight dextran sulfate-CaCl 2 nor heparin-MnCl 2 removed the pre-β lipoproteins completely, and occasionally traces of β-lipoprotein also remained after treatment. The presence of pre-β lipoproteins in normal sera after treatment may be of no consequence in the HI test since we have found that the very-low-density lipoprotein fractions obtained by ultracentrifugal methods from normal sera (those corresponding to the pre-β fractions obtained by electrophoresis) had no HI activity. However, very-low-density lipoprotein fractions from all hyperlipemic sera tested had HI activity (titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:1,024) which, in the majority of cases, was not eliminated after heparin-MnCl 2 treatment. In every case, treatment with SPS-CaCl 2 removed this nonspecific activity completely. Since hyperlipemic sera may occasionally be encountered in routine rubella HI antibody testing, we recommend the use of SPS-CaCl 2 rather than heparin-MnCl 2 for pretreatment of sera.

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