Fused Filament Fabrication (Three-Dimensional Printing) of Amorphous Magnesium Phosphate/Polylactic Acid Macroporous Biocomposite Scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 3276-3286
Author(s):  
Karim Elhattab ◽  
Sarit B. Bhaduri ◽  
Joseph G. Lawrence ◽  
Prabaha Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnesium Phosphate ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Investigations of polylactic acid reinforced composite feedstock filaments for multimaterial three-dimensional printing applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (17) ◽  
pp. 5953-5965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
TP Singh ◽  
Ajay Batish
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Integral Energy ◽  
Dimensional Printing

This paper reports properties of four different filaments prepared from (i) virgin polylactic acid, (ii) polylactic acid reinforced with polyvinyl chloride, (iii) polylactic acid reinforced with wood powder, and (iv) polylactic acid with reinforcement of Fe3O4 prepared with twin-screw extrusion for possible multimaterial three-dimensional printing. The results suggest that the melt flow rate of composite increases with the increase in reinforcements except for wood powder, which has shown a negative trend. Mechanical properties were also reduced with the loading but with the increase in the Fe3O4 content, these properties were improved. It has been observed that with reinforcement of polyvinyl chloride from 10 wt% to 25 wt% peak elongation and break elongation were reduced by 47.61% and 50%, respectively. Further, thermal analysis suggests that all samples were stable but for reinforced samples, the integral energy has decreased significantly in successive cycles. The vibration sample magnetometery of samples suggested that magnetic properties were dependent on the content of Fe3O4 present in the composite.

Multimaterial printing and characterization for mechanical and surface properties of functionally graded prototype

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 6741-6753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
TP Singh ◽  
Ajay Batish
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Dimensional Printing

In this work, an effort has been made for multimaterial three-dimensional printing of functionally graded prototypes of polylactic acid matrix (tensile specimens as per ASTM D638 type IV) followed by characterization of mechanical and surface properties. The work is an extension of previous reported studies on twin-screw extrusion process for the preparation of multimaterial wires as feedstock filaments in possible three-dimensional printing applications. The results of the study suggest that the highest peak strength (46.28 MPa) and break strength (41.65 MPa) was obtained for multimaterial three-dimensional printed samples at infill density 100%, infill angle 45°, and infill speed of 90 mm/s on commercial open source fused deposition modeling setup. Further surface hardness measurements performed on two extreme surfaces (top surface comprising magnetite (Fe3O4)-reinforced polylactic acid and bottom with polylactic acid without any reinforcement) revealed that the hardness for the bottom layer was more than the hardness for the top layer. From fractured surface analysis (using photomicrographs), it has been observed that the three-dimensional printed samples with low infill density resulted into more void formation due to which the performance while mechanical testing was poor in comparison to samples printed with higher infill density. The results are also supported by rendered images of photomicrographs, which revealed that high roughness value of samples printed with low infill density was also one of the reasons for poor mechanical performance of multimaterial three-dimensional printed functionally graded prototypes.

Boron carbide composite apertures for small-angle neutron scattering made by three-dimensional printing

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Olsson ◽  
Adrian R. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Neutron Scattering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Apertures for small-angle neutron scattering prepared from a boron carbide/polymer composite have been made by three-dimensional printing using fused filament fabrication. Use of enriched 10B4C gives higher absorption and much lower parasitic scattering than natural B4C. The simple fabrication, the capability to replace toxic and environmentally hazardous materials such as cadmium, and the possibility to diminish the secondary background of γ-radiation are attractive features of use of these materials. Complex shapes, apart from apertures, can be fabricated readily with this composite, for example, to make shielding for instrument components and masks used to calibrate detectors.

Microscopic analysis on dimensional capability of fused filament fabrication three-dimensional printing process

2021 ◽  
pp. 009524432110472
Author(s):  
Ans Al Rashid ◽  
Sikandar Abdul Qadir ◽  
Muammer Koç
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Measurement ◽  
Taguchi’S Design Of Experiments ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) has been the most widely used three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology due to its cost-effectiveness, easy application, and material readiness. FFF, to date, has been used to fabricate polymer components for rapid prototyping and increasingly for some end-user applications. Thus, there is a pressing need to optimize 3DP process parameters for FFF materials to achieve higher dimensional accuracy, especially in functional components for final use applications. Therefore, to ensure desired geometries with reasonable accuracy, precise measurements are required to validate the FFF process’s dimensional capability under different process conditions. This study presents the dimensional measurement and statistical analysis to evaluate the effect of printing materials, speed, and layer heights on dimensional accuracy and repeatability of the commercial FFF process. A benchmark part model was designed with different external and internal features commonly used in manufacturing processes. Taguchi’s design of experiments (DOE) was employed to obtain the experiments scheme, followed by the 3DP, dimensional measurement, and analysis of 3DP samples. Results revealed polylactic acid (PLA) material provided better dimensional control in most of the features. Higher printing speeds and layer heights were found optimum for external features/protrusions, whereas lower-to-medium speeds and layer heights were more appropriate for the fabrication of internal features.

Novel biorenewable composite of wood polysaccharide and polylactic acid for three dimensional printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyang Xu ◽  
Andrey Pranovich ◽  
Peter Uppstu ◽  
Xiaoju Wang ◽  
Dennis Kronlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing
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