Mixed Ion-Carrier Diffusion in Poly(3-hexyl thiophene)/Perchlorate Electrochemical Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Shiri ◽  
David Neusser ◽  
Claudia Malacrida ◽  
Sabine Ludwigs ◽  
Loren G. Kaake
Keyword(s):  
Carrier Diffusion ◽  
Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Ion Carrier

Surface recombination effects on minority carrier diffusion length measurements using electron beam-induced current

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-745
Author(s):  
D.P. Malta ◽  
M.L. Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Minority Carrier ◽  
Diffusion Length ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Minority Carrier Diffusion Length ◽  
Carrier Diffusion

Measurement of the minority carrier diffusion length (L) can be performed by measurement of the rate of decay of excess minority carriers with the distance (x) of an electron beam excitation source from a p-n junction or Schottky barrier junction perpendicular to the surface in an SEM. In an ideal case, the decay is exponential according to the equation, I = Ioexp(−x/L), where I is the current measured at x and Io is the maximum current measured at x=0. L can be obtained from the slope of the straight line when plotted on a semi-logarithmic scale. In reality, carriers recombine not only in the bulk but at the surface as well. The result is a non-exponential decay or a sublinear semi-logarithmic plot. The effective diffusion length (Leff) measured is shorter than the actual value. Some improvement in accuracy can be obtained by increasing the beam-energy, thereby increasing the penetration depth and reducing the percentage of carriers reaching the surface. For materials known to have a high surface recombination velocity s (cm/sec) such as GaAs and its alloys, increasing the beam energy is insufficient. Furthermore, one may find an upper limit on beam energy as the diameter of the signal generation volume approaches the device dimensions.

Anisotropic Charge Carrier Diffusion Correlated to Ferroelastic Twin Domains in MAPbI3 Perovskite

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka M. Hermes ◽  
Andreas Best ◽  
Julian Mars ◽  
Sarah M. Vorpahl ◽  
Markus Mezger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Carrier ◽  
Carrier Diffusion ◽  
Charge Carrier Diffusion

Thermophysical Phenomena in Electrochemical Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1062-1064
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Shalimov ◽  
V. I. Kudryash
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Systems

Accumulation of Charge Mechanisms in Electrochemical Systems Based on Carbon and Nickel Tungstate

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-703
Author(s):  
B. I. Rachiy ◽  
Yu. Yu. Starchuk ◽  
P. I. Kolkovskyy ◽  
I. M. Budzulyak ◽  
L. S. Yablon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Systems

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЕЙ

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (3s) ◽  
pp. 450-455
Author(s):  
В.Г. Криштоп ◽  
Д.А. Жевненко ◽  
П.В. Дудкин ◽  
Е.С. Горнев ◽  
В.Г. Попов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Seismic Sensors ◽  
Microelectronic Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrochemical Transducers ◽  
Element Base ◽  
New Devices

Электрохимические системы очень перспективны для разработки новой элементной базы для микроэлектроники и для использования в широком спектре инженерных задач. Мы разработали новую микроэлектронную технологию для изготовления электрохимических преобразователей (ЭХП) и новые приборы на основе новых электрохимических микроэлектронных чипов. Планарные электрохимические преобразователи могут использоваться в акселерометрах, сейсмических датчиках, датчиках вращения, гидрофонах и датчиках давления. Electrochemical systems are very promising for the development of a new element base for microelectronics, and for use in a wide range of engineering applications. We have developed a new microelectronic technology for manufacturing electrochemical transducers (ECP) and new devices based on new electrochemical microelectronic chips. Planar electrochemical transducers are used in accelerometers, seismic sensors, rotation sensors, hydrophones and pressure sensors.

scholarly journals Calixresorcin[4]arene-Mediated Transport of Pb(II) Ions Through Polymer Inclusion Membrane

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Joanna Konczyk ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Inclusion Membrane ◽  
Polymer Inclusion Membrane ◽  
Membrane Effect ◽  
Feed Phase ◽  
Ion Carrier ◽  
Feed Effect ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

A facilitated transport of Pb(II) through polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) containing 1,8,15,22-tetra(1-heptyl)-calixresorcin[4]arene and its tetra- and octasubstituted derivatives containing phosphoryl, thiophosphoryl or ester groups as an ion carrier was investigated. The efficiency of Pb(II) removal from aqueous nitrate solutions was considered as a function of the composition of membrane (effect of polymer, plasticizer, and carrier), feed (effect of initial metal concentration and presence of other metal ions) and stripping phases, and temperature of the process conducting. Two kinetic models were applied for the transport description. The highest Pb(II) ions removal efficiency was obtained for the membrane with tetrathiophosphorylated heptyl-calixresorcin[4]arene as an ion carrier. The activation energy value, found from Eyring plot to be equal 38.7 ± 1.3 kJ/mol, suggests that the transport process is controllable both by diffusion and chemical reaction. The competitive transport of Pb(II) over Zn(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions across PIMs under the optimal conditions was also performed. It was found that the Cr(III) ions’ presence in the feed phase disturb effective re-extraction of Pb(II) ions from membrane to stripping phase. Better stability of PIM-type than SLM-type membrane was found.

scholarly journals Extracting in Situ Charge Carrier Diffusion Parameters in Perovskite Solar Cells with Light Modulated Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 2248-2255
Author(s):  
Agustín Bou ◽  
Haralds A̅boliņš ◽  
Arjun Ashoka ◽  
Héctor Cruanyes ◽  
Antonio Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Charge Carrier ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Carrier Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Parameters ◽  
Charge Carrier Diffusion
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