Enhanced Herbicide Metabolism and Metabolic Resistance Genes Identified in Tribenuron-Methyl Resistant Myosoton aquaticum L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (37) ◽  
pp. 9850-9857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Bai ◽  
Weitang Liu ◽  
Hengzhi Wang ◽  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Sisi Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Metabolism ◽  
Tribenuron Methyl

scholarly journals Influence of GST- and P450-based metabolic resistance to pyrethroids on blood feeding in the major African malaria vector Anopheles funestus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Nouage ◽  
Emmanuel Elanga-Ndille ◽  
Achille Binyang ◽  
Magellan Tchouakui ◽  
Tatiane Atsatse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Anopheles Funestus ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Feeding Success ◽  
Blood Meal Size

AbstractInsecticide resistance genes are often associated with pleiotropic effects on various mosquito life-history traits. However, very little information is available on the impact of insecticide resistance, especially metabolic resistance, on blood feeding process in mosquitoes. Here, using two recently detected DNA-based metabolic markers in the major malaria vector, An. funestus, we investigated how metabolic resistance genes could affect blood meal intake.After allowing both field F1 and lab F8 Anopheles funestus strains to feed on human arm for 30 minutes, we assessed the association between key parameters of blood meal process including, probing time, feeding duration, blood feeding success and blood meal size, and markers of glutathione S-transferase (L119F-GSTe2) and cytochrome P450 (CYP6P9a_R) - mediated metabolic resistance. None of the parameters of blood meal process was associated with L119F-GSTe2 genotypes. In contrast, for CYP6P9a_R, homozygote resistant mosquitoes were significantly more able to blood-feed than homozygote susceptible (OR = 3.3; CI 95%: 1.4-7.7; P =0.01) mosquitoes. Moreover, the volume of blood meal ingested by CYP6P9a-SS mosquitoes was lower than that of CYP6P9a-RS (P<0.004) and of CYP6P9a-RR (P<0.006). This suggests that CYP6P9a gene affects the feeding success and blood meal size of An. funestus. However, no correlation was found in the expression of CYP6P9a and that of genes encoding for salivary proteins involved in blood meal process.This study suggests that P450-based metabolic resistance may increase the blood feeding ability of malaria vectors and potential impacting their vectorial capacity.

scholarly journals Genome mapping coupled with CRISPR gene editing reveals a P450 gene confers avermectin resistance in the beet armyworm

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. e1009680
Author(s):  
Yayun Zuo ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Fang Guan ◽  
Jianpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Metabolic Resistance

The evo of insecticide resistance represents a global constraint to agricultural production. Because of the extreme genetic diversity found in insects and the large numbers of genes involved in insecticide detoxification, better tools are needed to quickly identify and validate the involvement of putative resistance genes for improved monitoring, management, and countering of field-evolved insecticide resistance. The avermectins, emamectin benzoate (EB) and abamectin are relatively new pesticides with reduced environmental risk that target a wide number of insect pests, including the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, an important global pest of many crops. Unfortunately, field resistance to avermectins recently evolved in the beet armyworm, threatening the sustainable use of this class of insecticides. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-level assembly of the beet armyworm genome and use bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to identify the locus of avermectin resistance, which mapped on 15–16 Mbp of chromosome 17. Knockout of the CYP9A186 gene that maps within this region by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing fully restored EB susceptibility, implicating this gene in avermectin resistance. Heterologous expression and in vitro functional assays further confirm that a natural substitution (F116V) found in the substrate recognition site 1 (SRS1) of the CYP9A186 protein results in enhanced metabolism of EB and abamectin. Hence, the combined approach of coupling gene editing with BSA allows for the rapid identification of metabolic resistance genes responsible for insecticide resistance, which is critical for effective monitoring and adaptive management of insecticide resistance.

scholarly journals Herbicide Metabolism: Crop Selectivity, Bioactivation, Weed Resistance, and Regulation

Weed Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Nandula ◽  
Dean E. Riechers ◽  
Yurdagul Ferhatoglu ◽  
Michael Barrett ◽  
Stephen O. Duke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Herbicide Metabolism ◽  
State Of Research

AbstractSeveral grass and broadleaf weed species around the world have evolved multiple-herbicide resistance at alarmingly increasing rates. Research on the biochemical and molecular resistance mechanisms of multiple-resistant weed populations indicate a prevalence of herbicide metabolism catalyzed by enzyme systems such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathioneS-transferases and, to a lesser extent, by glucosyl transferases. A symposium was conducted to gain an understanding of the current state of research on metabolic resistance mechanisms in weed species that pose major management problems around the world. These topics, as well as future directions of investigations that were identified in the symposium, are summarized herein. In addition, the latest information on selected topics such as the role of safeners in inducing crop tolerance to herbicides, selectivity to clomazone, glyphosate metabolism in crops and weeds, and bioactivation of natural molecules is reviewed.

Amplification test and selection of markers analogue to resistance genes in species and commercial varieties of Passiflora spp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Larissa Neres Barbosa de Souza ◽  
Nátilla Deyse Souza Costa Dias ◽  
Vandrick De Oliveira Santana ◽  
Lucas Amorim Silveira ◽  
Messulan Rodrigues Meira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Selection Of

Quintuplex PCR to Detect Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navindra Kumari Palanisamy ◽  
Parasakthi Navaratnam ◽  
Shamala Devi Sekaran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
Efflux Mechanism ◽  
Mic Value

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen, causing respiratory infection. Penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae is associated with alterations in the penicillin binding proteins, while resistance to macrolides is conferred either by the modification of the ribosomal target site or efflux mechanism. This study aimed to characterize S. pneumoniae and its antibiotic resistance genes using 2 sets of multiplex PCRs. Methods: A quintuplex and triplex PCR was used to characterize the pbp1A, ermB, gyrA, ply, and the mefE genes. Fifty-eight penicillin sensitive strains (PSSP), 36 penicillin intermediate strains (PISP) and 26 penicillin resistance strains (PRSP) were used. Results: Alteration in pbp1A was only observed in PISP and PRSP strains, while PCR amplification of the ermB or mefE was observed only in strains with reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. The assay was found to be sensitive as simulated blood cultures showed the lowest level of detection to be 10cfu. Conclusions: As predicted, the assay was able to differentiate penicillin susceptible from the non-susceptible strains based on the detection of the pbp1A gene, which correlated with the MIC value of the strains.

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