Combined Effects of Early Season Leaf Removal and Climatic Conditions on Aroma Precursors in Sauvignon Blanc Grapes

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (38) ◽  
pp. 8426-8434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Sivilotti ◽  
Rachele Falchi ◽  
Jose Carlos Herrera ◽  
Branka Škvarč ◽  
Lorena Butinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Aroma Precursors

scholarly journals Correction to Combined Effects of Early Season Leaf Removal and Climatic Conditions on Aroma Precursors in Sauvignon Blanc Grapes

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (44) ◽  
pp. 9815-9815
Author(s):  
Paolo Sivilotti ◽  
Rachele Falchi ◽  
Jose Carlos Herrera ◽  
Branka Škvarč ◽  
Lorena Butinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Aroma Precursors

scholarly journals Relationship between Relative Maturity and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Northwest New Mexico for the 2003–2019 Period

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Koffi Djaman ◽  
Curtis Owen ◽  
Margaret M. West ◽  
Samuel Allen ◽  
Komlan Koudahe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Climate Conditions

The highly variable weather under changing climate conditions affects the establishment and the cutoff of crop growing season and exposes crops to failure if producers choose non-adapted relative maturity that matches the characteristics of the crop growing season. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maize hybrid relative maturity and the grain yield and determine the relative maturity range that will sustain maize production in northwest New Mexico (NM). Different relative maturity maize hybrids were grown at the Agricultural Science Center at Farmington ((Latitude 36.69° North, Longitude 108.31° West, elevation 1720 m) from 2003 to 2019 under sprinkler irrigation. A total of 343 hybrids were grouped as early and full season hybrids according to their relative maturity that ranged from 93 to 119 and 64 hybrids with unknown relative maturity. The crops were grown under optimal management condition with no stress of any kind. The results showed non-significant increase in grain yield in early season hybrids and non-significant decrease in grain yield with relative maturity in full season hybrids. The relative maturity range of 100–110 obtained reasonable high grain yields and could be considered under the northwestern New Mexico climatic conditions. However, more research should target the evaluation of different planting date coupled with plant population density to determine the planting window for the early season and full season hybrids for the production optimization and sustainability.

Effect of cluster zone leaf removal on monoterpene profiles of Sauvignon Blanc grapes and wines

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 109028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Yue ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Yali Tang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Bowen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc

scholarly journals Effect Of Agrotechnical Measures And Varieties On Seasonal Dynamics Of Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acari, Trombidiformes, Tetranychidae) On High Tunnel-Cultivated Garden Strawberries

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Ineta Salmane
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Early Season ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the seasonal pattern of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on strawberries cultivated in polythene-covered high tunnels in temperate climatic conditions. Various cultivars were used and the effect of modification of plant covering indices on abundance and incidence of these mites was also tested. The number of two-spotted spider mites was relatively low at the beginning of the vegetation season and started to increase when average air temperature rose above 20 to 25 °C. In the experiment two types of tunnels differing in additional plant cover were used. The maximum mite abundance did not significantly vary between varieties in tunnel 1 conditions, but it was significantly lower for variety 'Sonata' in tunnel 2 conditions. Mite numbers significantly declined after strawberry foliage mowing and removal of polythene cover. Mite development was prolonged in tunnel 1, where additional cover of plants was used and higher early season air temperature was recorded in comparison to tunnel 2. It was concluded that increase in early season temperature can increase two-spotted spider mite abundance and have a more negative effect on strawberry plants in respect of foliage damage by mites.

Early leaf removal applied in warm climatic conditions: Impact on Tempranillo wine volatiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Moreno ◽  
Esperanza Valdés ◽  
David Uriarte ◽  
Esther Gamero ◽  
Inmaculada Talaverano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Wine Volatiles

scholarly journals Modified grape composition under climate change conditions requires adaptations in the vineyard

OENO One ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis Van Leeuwen ◽  
Agnès Destrac-Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Significant Advance ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Aroma Precursors ◽  
The Impact

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim:</strong> Major effects of climate change are an increase in temperature, a modification in rainfall patterns and an increase in incoming radiations, in particular UV-Bs. Grapevines are highly sensitive to climatic conditions. Hence, plant development, grape ripening and grape composition at ripeness are modified by climate change. Some of these changes are already visible and will be amplified over the coming decades; other effects, although not yet measurable, can be predicted by modeling. The objective of this paper is to assess which modifications in wine quality and typicity can be expected and what levers growers can implement to adapt to this changing situation. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results:</strong> This paper focusses on the effect of temperature, vine water status and UV-B radiation in viticulture. Vine phenology is driven by temperacture. A significant advance in phenology (i.e. budburst, flowering and veraison dates) has been observed since the early 1980’s in most winegrowing regions. The combined effect of advanced phenology and increased temperatures results in warmer conditions during grape ripening. In these conditions, grapes contain more sugar and less organic acids. Composition in secondary metabolites, and in particular aromas and aroma precursors, is dramatically changed. Increased drought, because of lower summer rain and/or because of higher reference evapotranspiration (ET<sub>0</sub>), induces earlier shoot growth cessation, reduced berry size, increased content in skin phenolic compounds, lower malic acid concentrations and modified aroma and aroma precursor profiles. Increased UV-B radiation enhances the accumulation of skin phenolics and modifies aroma and aroma precursor profiles. Over the next decades, an amplification of these trends is highly likely. Major adaptations can be reached though modifications in plant material (grapevine varieties, clones and root stocks), vineyard management techniques (grapevine architecture, canopy management, harvest dates, vineyard floor management, timing of harvest, irrigation) or site selection (altitude, aspect, soil water holding capacity).</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Climate change will induce changes in grape composition which will modify wine quality and typicity. However, these modifications can be limited through adaptations in the vineyard.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study:</strong>  This study assesses the impact of major climatic parameters (temperature, water and radiation) on vine physiology and grape ripening. It addresses the issue of how the expected changes under climate change will impact viticulture. It is shown that appropriate levers do exist to allow growers to adapt to this new situation. Among these, modifications in plant material and viticultural techniques are the most promising tools.</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals The Southern Ocean diatom Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata flourished better under simulated glacial than interglacial ocean conditions: Combined effects of CO2 and iron

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260649
Author(s):  
Anna Pagnone ◽  
Florian Koch ◽  
Franziska Pausch ◽  
Scarlett Trimborn
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Ocean Conditions ◽  
Fe Addition

The ‘Iron Hypothesis’ suggests a fertilization of the Southern Ocean by increased dust deposition in glacial times. This promoted high primary productivity and contributed to lower atmospheric pCO2. In this study, the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata, known to form prominent blooms in the Southern Ocean, was grown under simulated glacial and interglacial climatic conditions to understand how iron (Fe) availability (no Fe or Fe addition) in conjunction with different pCO2 levels (190 and 290 μatm) influences growth, particulate organic carbon (POC) production and photophysiology. Under both glacial and interglacial conditions, the diatom grew with similar rates. In comparison, glacial conditions (190 μatm pCO2 and Fe input) favored POC production by P. subcurvata while under interglacial conditions (290 μatm pCO2 and Fe deficiency) POC production was reduced, indicating a negative effect caused by higher pCO2 and low Fe availability. Under interglacial conditions, the diatom had, however, thicker silica shells. Overall, our results show that the combination of higher Fe availability with low pCO2, present during the glacial ocean, was beneficial for the diatom P. subcurvata, thus contributing more to primary production during glacial compared to interglacial times. Under the interglacial ocean conditions, on the other hand, the diatom could have contributed to higher carbon export due to its higher degree of silicification.

scholarly journals Influence of water stress on grape quality and aroma precursors in Sauvignon Blanc grown in Bolgheri area (Tuscany)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Cataldo ◽  
Linda Salvi ◽  
Francesca Paoli ◽  
Sofia Sbraci ◽  
Giovan Battista Mattii
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Aroma Precursors

Climate change has a direct impact on the phenological stages of the grapevine, with consequences on the anticipation of aging and on the qualitative characteristics of the grapes. In fact, there is a decrease in the skin/pulp ratio, with possible reduction of the aromatic potential. This work was aimed at assessing the effects of water stress on technological maturity and thiol precursors of Sauvignon Blanc grapes in two vineyards of Bolgheri. To this purpose, 3 theses have been established: WW, well watered; WS, moderate stress; CTRL, control. During the season, measurements of single leaf gas exchange, stem water potential were made; moreover parameters of technological maturity (° Brix, acidity, pH and berry weight) and thiol precursors were analyzed. As expected, the water potential was less negative in the irrigated thesis due to the greater availability of water, as well as the highest rates of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance. Technological analyses showed no significant differences among the treatments. The analysis of the 3MH/3-mercaptoesan-1-ol precursors showed that the WW had a greater accumulation than the other theses. These results suggest that lower water stress favors a better aromatic content.

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