scholarly journals Temperature and Pressure Dependence of Density of a Shale Oil and Derived Thermodynamic Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 5128-5135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah S. Baird ◽  
Petri Uusi-Kyyny ◽  
Oliver Järvik ◽  
Vahur Oja ◽  
Ville Alopaeus
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

scholarly journals Temperature and pressure dependence of density of a shale oil and derived thermodynamic properties

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Baird ◽  
Petri Uusi-Kyyny ◽  
Oliver Järvik ◽  
Vahur Oja ◽  
Ville Alopaeus
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Group Content ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

The temperature and pressure dependence of density was measured experimentally from 293 to 473 K and 0.1 to 12 MPa for a shale oil produced from Kukersite oil shale in Estonia. The shale oil sample was a fuel oil fraction of a whole oil produced in a commercial plant that uses solid heat carrier retorting technology. The fraction had a boiling range of approximately 460 to 780 K and contained significant quantities of polar phenolic compounds (hydroxyl group content of 5.3 wt%). The effect of these compounds on the properties of the oil was investigated by removing most of the phenolic compounds via extraction to create the second sample (dephenolated sample with hydroxyl group content of 1.1 wt%). The dephenolation resulted in a shale oil with a composition being more similar to that of other shale oils from well explored deposits. Based on a review of the literature, this is the first experimental data on the pressure dependence of density for this shale oil, and shale oils generally. Thermal expansion coefficients, isothermal compressibilities and speeds of sound were calculated from the experimental data. Empirical relationships describing the temperature dependence of the heat capacities between 288 and 423 K at atmospheric pressure are also presented here.

scholarly journals Pressure effect of the mechanical, electronics and thermodynamic properties of Mg–B compounds A first-principles investigations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GuoWei Zhang ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
MingJie Wang ◽  
Ying Dong ◽  
FengEr Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Debye Model ◽  
Total Density ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Volume Deformation ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Total Density Of States

AbstractFirst principle calculations were performed to investigate the structural, mechanical, electronic properties, and thermodynamic properties of three binary Mg–B compounds under pressure, by using the first principle method. The results implied that the structural parameters and the mechanical properties of the Mg–B compounds without pressure are well matched with the obtainable theoretically simulated values and experimental data. The obtained pressure–volume and energy–volume revealed that the three Mg–B compounds were mechanically stable, and the volume variation decreases with an increase in the boron content. The shear and volume deformation resistance indicated that the elastic constant Cij and bulk modulus B increased when the pressure increased up to 40 GPa, and that MgB7 had the strongest capacity to resist shear and volume deformation at zero pressure, which indicated the highest hardness. Meanwhile, MgB4 exhibited a ductility transformation behaviour at 30 GPa, and MgB2 and MgB7 displayed a brittle nature under all the considered pressure conditions. The anisotropy of the three Mg–B compounds under pressure were arranged as follows: MgB4 > MgB2 > MgB7. Moreover, the total density of states varied slightly and decreased with an increase in the pressure. The Debye temperature ΘD of the Mg–B compounds gradually increased with an increase in the pressure and the boron content. The temperature and pressure dependence of the heat capacity and the thermal expansion coefficient α were both obtained on the basis of Debye model under increased pressure from 0 to 40 GPa and increased temperatures. This paper brings a convenient understanding of the magnesium–boron alloys.

Measurements of real non-Newtonian response for liquid lubricants under moderate pressures

2001 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bair
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Simple Shear ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Power Law Fluid ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

A thorough characterization of all viscous flow properties relevant to steady simple shear was carried out for five liquid lubricants of current interest to tribology. Shear stresses were generated to values significant to concentrated contact lubrication. Two types of non-Newtonian response were observed: shear-thinning as a power-law fluid and near rate-independence. Functions and parameters were obtained for the temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity and of the time constant for the Carreau-Yasuda equation. Results are consistent with free volume and kinetic theory, but directly contradict many assumptions currently utilized for numerical simulation and for extracting rheological properties from contact measurements.

Measured temperature and pressure dependence of Vp and Vs in compacted, polycrystalline sI methane and sII methane–ethane hydrate

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Helgerud ◽  
W F Waite ◽  
S H Kirby ◽  
A Nur
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Shear Wave Speed ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Fixed End

We report on compressional- and shear-wave-speed measurements made on compacted polycrystalline sI methane and sII methane–ethane hydrate. The gas hydrate samples are synthesized directly in the measurement apparatus by warming granulated ice to 17°C in the presence of a clathrate-forming gas at high pressure (methane for sI, 90.2% methane, 9.8% ethane for sII). Porosity is eliminated after hydrate synthesis by compacting the sample in the synthesis pressure vessel between a hydraulic ram and a fixed end-plug, both containing shear-wave transducers. Wave-speed measurements are made between –20 and 15°C and 0 to 105 MPa applied piston pressure. PACS No.: 61.60Lj

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