Inactivation of Murine Norovirus and Fecal Coliforms by Ferrate(VI) in Secondary Effluent Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1878-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriakos Manoli ◽  
Roberta Maffettone ◽  
Virender K. Sharma ◽  
Domenico Santoro ◽  
Ajay K. Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Murine Norovirus

Performic Acid Disinfection of Municipal Secondary Effluent Wastewater: Inactivation of Murine Norovirus, Fecal Coliforms, and Enterococci

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (19) ◽  
pp. 12761-12770
Author(s):  
Roberta Maffettone ◽  
Kyriakos Manoli ◽  
Domenico Santoro ◽  
Karla D. Passalacqua ◽  
Christiane E. Wobus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Municipal Secondary Effluent

scholarly journals Elimination of enteric indicators and pathogenic bacteria in secondary effluents and lake water by solar disinfection (SODIS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel A. S. AL-Gheethi ◽  
I. Norli ◽  
Mohd Omar Ab. Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Solar Disinfection ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Secondary Effluents

The reduction of enteric indicators (fecal coliforms (FC) and Enterococcus faecalis) and elimination of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus) in the secondary effluents and lake water by solar disinfection (SODIS) was studied in this article. FC, E. faecalis, Salmonella spp. and S. aureus were isolated and enumerated using membrane filtration techniques after SODIS of samples inside transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h. The results show that SODIS can reduce numbers of FC, Salmonella spp. and S. aureus by more than 4 log10 colony forming units (CFU)/100 mL after 6 h. However, regrowth of these bacteria was observed after the incubation of the treated samples at 37 °C for 24 h, whereas SODIS for 8 h would eliminate pathogenic bacteria and no regrowth would be observed in these samples as determined by an absence and presence technique using enrichment medium. E. faecalis was not eliminated in the secondary effluents and lake water by SODIS, but this bacterium was reduced to less than detection limits (1 CFU/100 mL) when the treated secondary effluent samples were stored for 16 days at room temperature. The elimination of pathogenic bacteria and reduction of enteric indicators resulted in undetectable levels using SODIS for secondary effluents and lake water.

Study of the Nature of the By-Products Formed and the Risks of Toxicity when Disinfecting a Secondary Effluent with Ozone

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Langlais ◽  
B. Legube ◽  
H. Beuffe ◽  
M. Doré
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Scenedesmus Subspicatus ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
By Products

Among the disinfection processes of urban waste water, ozonation and UV irradiation are fast gathering interest. To avoid what happened with chlorine it is necessary to have a look at the formation of by-products and the risks of toxicity when such processes are used. We were already working on this type of problem in 1984, although we did not make a point of communicating in extenso the results obtained during a 2-year period of pilot plant and laboratory studies at La Roche sur Yon (Vendée, France). The present paper reminds of the changes in chemical nature of the effluent after an ozonation from 6 to 12 g O3/m3 resulting in an abatement of fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci to the extent of 3 to 4 logarithmic units. No evidence of compounds known for their toxicity was brought to light. The toxicity tests performed on fish (Brachydanio rerio) and crustacean (Artemia nauplii) showed that the secondary effluent upstream or dowstream of the ozonation did not have toxic effects on the used biological material except for the fish when strong ammonia nitrogen concentrations occur. The toxicity tests performed on green algae (Scenedesmus subspicatus) showed that ozonated effluent seemed less conductive to algal growth than non ozonated effluent.

APPLICATION OF MICROFILTRATION AND ULTRAFILTRATION FOR REUSING TREATED WASTEWATER; AS A SOLUTION TO EASE IRAN’S WATER SHORTAGE PROBLEMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 3662-3668
Author(s):  
Leila Babaei ◽  
A. Torabian ◽  
B. Aminzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Allowable Level ◽  
Ozone Injection

Water shortage is a big problem in the Middle East. This paper investigates the possibility of reusing municipal wastewater by membrane filtration for non-potable consumption. The wastewater used for tests in this study was secondary effluent discharged from the secondary sedimentation pond of Ekbatan wastewater treatment plant in Tehran. These tests on reusing wastewater involved four main processes. Results showed that the best process was that ozone injection before MF and UF with COD removal efficiency of approximately 78 percent. In this case, removal efficiency of turbidity and TSS were 100 percent; additionally, traces of total and fecal Coliforms were completely removed. In the membrane processes, removal efficiency of TKN was about 40 percent. The removal efficiency of TP in all processes was about 7 percent, while it increased to 14 percent in the hybrid treatment. It can be concluded that all of further purification processes failed to achieve total phosphorus (TP) standards and thus in order to eliminate TP and reach allowable level, further researches are needed.<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Color

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

A study about the use of chemicals in conventional tertiary treatment. Performances comparison of three municipal wastewater treatment plants and pilot plant experiences

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Iborra-Clar ◽  
J.A. Mendoza-Roca ◽  
A. Bes-Pií ◽  
J.J. Morenilla-Martínez ◽  
I. Bernácer-Bonora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Valencian Region ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Rainfall diminution in the last years has entailed water scarcity in plenty of European regions, especially in Mediterranean areas. As a consequence, regional water authorities have enhanced wastewater reclamation and reuse. Thus, the implementation of tertiary treatments has become of paramount importance in the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of Valencian Region (Spain). Conventional tertiary treatments consist of a physico-chemical treatment of the secondary effluent followed by sand filtration and UV radiation. However, the addition of coagulants and flocculants sometimes does not contribute significantly in the final water quality. In this work, results of 20-months operation of three WWTP in Valencian Region with different tertiary treatments (two without chemicals addition and another with chemicals addition) are discussed. Besides, experiments with a 2 m3/h pilot plant located in the WWTP Quart-Benager in Valencia were performed in order to evaluate with the same secondary effluent the effect of the chemicals addition on the final water quality. Results showed that the addition of chemicals did not improve the final water quality significantly. These results were observed both comparing the three full scale plants and in the pilot plant operation.

Single-stage Sequencing Batch Process for Producing Class A Biosolids from AD Effluent at Terminal Island Treatment Plant

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huub H.J. Cox ◽  
Steve Fan ◽  
Reza Iranpour
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Class A ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Plant Control ◽  
Class A Biosolids

Terminal Island Treatment Plant converted its digesters to thermophilic operation with the objective to comply with the U.S. EPA Part 503 Biosolids Rule requirements for Class A biosolids. The following processes were tested: a) single-stage continuous; b) two-stage continuous; c) single-stage sequencing batch. Salmonella sp. were always non-detect in digester outflows (&lt;3 MPN/4 g dry wt), whereas fecal coliform densities were usually below the Class A limit of 1000 MPN/g dry wt. However, the recurrence of fecal coliforms in post-digestion caused non-compliance with the Class A limit at the truck loading facility as the last point of plant control for compliance. After several design modifications of the post-digestion train, operation of the digesters as sequencing batch digesters according to the time-temperature requirement of Alternative 1 of the Part 503 Biosolids Rule achieved compliance for both Salmonella sp. and fecal coliforms at the last point of plant control (truck loading facility).

Campylobacter in waterborne epidemics in Finland

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-L. Hänninen ◽  
R. Kärenlampi
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
E Coli ◽  
July August September

The sources for drinking water in Finland are surface water, groundwater or artificially recharged groundwater. There are approximately 1400 groundwater plants in Finland that are microbiologically at a high risk level because in most cases they do not use any disinfection treatment. Campylobacter jejuni has caused waterborne epidemics in several countries. Since the middle of the 1980s, C. jejuni has been identified as the causative agent in several waterborne outbreaks in Finland. Between 1998 and 2001, C. jejuni or C. upsaliensis caused seven reported waterborne epidemics. In these epidemics approximately 4000 people acquired the illness. Most of the outbreaks occurred in July, August , September or October. In four of them source water and net water samples were analysed for total coliforms or fecal coliforms, E. coli and campylobacters. We showed that large volumes of water samples in studies of indicator organisms (up to 5000 ml) and campylobacters (4000–20,000 ml) increased the possibility to identify faecal contamination and to detect the causative agent from suspected sources.

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