Sulfur Isotope Fractionation by Sulfate-Reducing Microbes Can Reflect Past Physiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 4013-4022 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pellerin ◽  
Christine B. Wenk ◽  
Itay Halevy ◽  
Boswell A. Wing
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

scholarly journals Diversity of Sulfur Isotope Fractionations by Sulfate-Reducing Prokaryotes

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 888-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Detmers ◽  
Volker Brüchert ◽  
Kirsten S. Habicht ◽  
Jan Kuever
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rate ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Sulfate Reducers ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

ABSTRACT Batch culture experiments were performed with 32 different sulfate-reducing prokaryotes to explore the diversity in sulfur isotope fractionation during dissimilatory sulfate reduction by pure cultures. The selected strains reflect the phylogenetic and physiologic diversity of presently known sulfate reducers and cover a broad range of natural marine and freshwater habitats. Experimental conditions were designed to achieve optimum growth conditions with respect to electron donors, salinity, temperature, and pH. Under these optimized conditions, experimental fractionation factors ranged from 2.0 to 42.0‰. Salinity, incubation temperature, pH, and phylogeny had no systematic effect on the sulfur isotope fractionation. There was no correlation between isotope fractionation and sulfate reduction rate. The type of dissimilatory bisulfite reductase also had no effect on fractionation. Sulfate reducers that oxidized the carbon source completely to CO2 showed greater fractionations than sulfate reducers that released acetate as the final product of carbon oxidation. Different metabolic pathways and variable regulation of sulfate transport across the cell membrane all potentially affect isotope fractionation. Previous models that explained fractionation only in terms of sulfate reduction rates appear to be oversimplified. The species-specific physiology of each sulfate reducer thus needs to be taken into account to understand the regulation of sulfur isotope fractionation during dissimilatory sulfate reduction.

scholarly journals Effects of Iron and Nitrogen Limitation on Sulfur Isotope Fractionation during Microbial Sulfate Reduction

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (23) ◽  
pp. 8368-8376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sub Sim ◽  
Shuhei Ono ◽  
Tanja Bosak
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Microbial Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
S Isotope

ABSTRACTSulfate-reducing microbes utilize sulfate as an electron acceptor and produce sulfide that is depleted in heavy isotopes of sulfur relative to sulfate. Thus, the distribution of sulfur isotopes in sediments can trace microbial sulfate reduction (MSR), and it also has the potential to reflect the physiology of sulfate-reducing microbes. This study investigates the relationship between the availability of iron and reduced nitrogen and the magnitude of S-isotope fractionation during MSR by a marine sulfate-reducing bacterium, DMSS-1, aDesulfovibriospecies, isolated from salt marsh in Cape Cod, MA. Submicromolar levels of iron increase sulfur isotope fractionation by about 50% relative to iron-replete cultures of DMSS-1. Iron-limited cultures also exhibit decreased cytochromec-to-total protein ratios and cell-specific sulfate reduction rates (csSRR), implying changes in the electron transport chain that couples carbon and sulfur metabolisms. When DMSS-1 fixes nitrogen in ammonium-deficient medium, it also produces larger fractionation, but it occurs at faster csSRRs than in the ammonium-replete control cultures. The energy and reducing power required for nitrogen fixation may be responsible for the reverse trend between S-isotope fractionation and csSRR in this case. Iron deficiency and nitrogen fixation by sulfate-reducing microbes may lead to the large observed S-isotope effects in some euxinic basins and various anoxic sediments.

Sulfur isotope fractionation during growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria on various carbon sources

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (23) ◽  
pp. 4891-4904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Kleikemper ◽  
Martin H. Schroth ◽  
Stefano M. Bernasconi ◽  
Benjamin Brunner ◽  
Josef Zeyer
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

scholarly journals Diversity decoupled from sulfur isotope fractionation in a sulfate‐reducing microbial community

Geobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Colangelo‐Lillis ◽  
Claus Pelikan ◽  
Craig W. Herbold ◽  
Ianina Altshuler ◽  
Alexander Loy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

Does sulfur isotope fractionation in natural sediments record sulfate reducing activity?

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (18) ◽  
pp. A610 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Stam ◽  
P.R.D. Mason ◽  
A.M. Laverman ◽  
C. Pallud ◽  
P. Van Cappellen
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Reducing Activity

The effect of temperature on sulfur and oxygen isotope fractionation by sulfate reducing bacteria (Desulfococcus multivorans)

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pellerin ◽  
Gilad Antler ◽  
Angeliki Marietou ◽  
Alexandra V Turchyn ◽  
Bo Barker Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Desulfococcus Multivorans

ABSTRACT Temperature influences microbiological growth and catabolic rates. Between 15 and 35 °C the growth rate and cell specific sulfate reduction rate of the sulfate reducing bacterium Desulfococcus multivorans increased with temperature. Sulfur isotope fractionation during sulfate reduction decreased with increasing temperature from 27.2 ‰ at 15 °C to 18.8 ‰ at 35 °C which is consistent with a decreasing reversibility of the metabolic pathway as the catabolic rate increases. Oxygen isotope fractionation, in contrast, decreased between 15 and 25 °C and then increased again between 25 and 35 °C, suggesting increasing reversibility in the first steps of the sulfate reducing pathway at higher temperatures. This points to a decoupling in the reversibility of sulfate reduction between the steps from the uptake of sulfate into the cell to the formation of sulfite, relative to the whole pathway from sulfate to sulfide. This observation is consistent with observations of increasing sulfur isotope fractionation when sulfate reducing bacteria are living near their upper temperature limit. The oxygen isotope decoupling may be a first signal of changing physiology as the bacteria cope with higher temperatures.

scholarly journals Sulfur Isotope Fractionation during the Evolutionary Adaptation of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 2676-2689 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pellerin ◽  
Luke Anderson-Trocmé ◽  
Lyle G. Whyte ◽  
Grant M. Zane ◽  
Judy D. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Ancestral Population ◽  
Evolutionary Adaptation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Mean Fitness ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTDissimilatory sulfate reduction is a microbial catabolic pathway that preferentially processes less massive sulfur isotopes relative to their heavier counterparts. This sulfur isotope fractionation is recorded in ancient sedimentary rocks and generally is considered to reflect a phenotypic response to environmental variations rather than to evolutionary adaptation. Modern sulfate-reducing microorganisms isolated from similar environments can exhibit a wide range of sulfur isotope fractionations, suggesting that adaptive processes influence the sulfur isotope phenotype. To date, the relationship between evolutionary adaptation and isotopic phenotypes has not been explored. We addressed this by studying the covariation of fitness, sulfur isotope fractionation, and growth characteristics inDesulfovibrio vulgarisHildenborough in a microbial evolution experiment. After 560 generations, the mean fitness of the evolved lineages relative to the starting isogenic population had increased by ∼17%. After 927 generations, the mean fitness relative to the initial ancestral population had increased by ∼20%. Growth rate in exponential phase increased during the course of the experiment, suggesting that this was a primary influence behind the fitness increases. Consistent changes were observed within different selection intervals between fractionation and fitness. Fitness changes were associated with changes in exponential growth rate but changes in fractionation were not. Instead, they appeared to be a response to changes in the parameters that govern growth rate: yield and cell-specific sulfate respiration rate. We hypothesize that cell-specific sulfate respiration rate, in particular, provides a bridge that allows physiological controls on fractionation to cross over to the adaptive realm.

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