Uncovering the Evolution of Lead In-Use Stocks in Lead-Acid Batteries and the Impact on Future Lead Metabolism in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 5412-5419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Lujun Chen ◽  
Jinping Tian
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Lead Metabolism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lead Acid

Evaluation of the impact of the different charging algorithms on the lead-acid batteries lifetime

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mori Yatsui ◽  
Hua Bai ◽  
Nicholas Cramer ◽  
Xi Zheng ◽  
Mohammadhossein Azhinehfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lead Acid

Performance Evaluation of Modelling and Simulation of Lead Acid Batteries for Photovoltaic Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Selmani ◽  
A. Ed-Dahhak ◽  
M. Outanoute ◽  
A. Lachhab ◽  
M. Guerbaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Internal Parameters ◽  
Photovoltaic Applications ◽  
Charging Mode ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Storage Units ◽  
Lead Acid

Lead-acid batteries have been the most widely used energy storage units in stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) applications. To make a full use of those batteries and to improve their lifecycle, high performance charger is often required. The implementation of an advanced charger needs accurate information on the batteries internal parameters. In this work, we selected CIEMAT model because of its good performance to deal with the widest range of lead acid batteries. The performance evaluation of this model is based on the co-simulation LabVIEW/Multisim. With the intention of determining the impact of the charging process on batteries, the behaviour of different internal parameters of the batteries was simulated. During the charging mode, the value of the current must decrease when the batteries’ state of charge is close to be fully charged.

scholarly journals Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4400
Author(s):  
Ribič ◽  
Pihler ◽  
Maruša ◽  
Kokalj ◽  
Kitak
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Auxiliary System ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Lead Acid

Lead-acid batteries are the most frequently used energy storage facilities for the provision of a backup supply of DC auxiliary systems in substations and power plants due to their long service life and high reliability. It is possible to define the load in these systems, therefore the IEEE 485 Standard can be used for the selection of batteries according to the conventional method of selection. Special attention is paid in the paper to the technical selection of a lead-acid battery, which depends on its operational reliability that decreases with battery aging. It is defined by the extent of maintenance during its service life. A cost analysis was also carried out, which took into consideration maintenance and procurement costs, as well as the costs of the related air conditioning that keeps the prescribed temperature and ventilates the battery room. The impact is shown of selecting a lead-acid battery on the battery room’s operating safety when charging. The final selection of lead-acid battery is performed using an optimization algorithm of differential evolution. Using the optimization process, the new battery selection method includes the technical sizing criteria of the lead-acid battery, reliability of operation with maintenance, operational safety, and cost analysis. Two cases of selection of lead-acid batteries for the backup supply of a DC auxiliary system in a transmission substation are presented in the paper, where the input data were determined based on measurements in an existing substation. A comparison is made between the existing conventional and new lead-acid battery selection method based on optimization.

Starter lead-acid batteries

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Claude Pascon
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Lead Acid
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