Interplay of Biologically Active Carbon Filtration and Chlorine-Based Disinfection in Mitigating the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Water Reuse Distribution Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Joyce Zhu ◽  
Sudeshna Ghosh ◽  
Marc A. Edwards ◽  
Amy Pruden
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biologically Active Carbon ◽  
Carbon Filtration

scholarly journals Genome-Resolved Metagenomics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes Analysis in Reclaimed Water Distribution Systems

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3477
Author(s):  
Changzhi Wang ◽  
Pei-Ying Hong
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Metagenomic Data

Water reuse is increasingly pursued to alleviate global water scarcity. However, the wastewater treatment process does not achieve full removal of biological contaminants from wastewater, hence microorganisms and their genetic elements can be disseminated into the reclaimed water distribution systems (RWDS). In this study, reclaimed water samples are investigated via metagenomics to assess their bacterial diversity, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) at both point of entry (POE) and point of use (POU) in 3 RWDS. The number of shared bacterial orders identified by metagenome was higher at the POE than POU among the three sites, indicating that specific conditions in RWDS can cause further differentiation in the microbial communities at the end of the distribution system. Two bacterial orders, namely Rhizobiales and Sphingomonadales, had high replication rates in two of the examined RWDS (i.e., site A and B), and were present in higher relative abundance in POU than at POE. In addition, MAG and ARG relative abundance exhibited a strong correlation (R2 = 0.58) in POU, indicating that bacteria present in POU may have a high incidence of ARG. Specifically, resistance genes associated with efflux pump mechanisms (e.g., adeF and qacH) increased in its relative abundance from POU to POE at two of the RWDS (i.e., site A and B). When correlated with the water quality data that suggests a significantly lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration at site D than the other two RWDS, the metagenomic data suggest that low DOC is needed to maintain the biological stability of reclaimed water along the distribution network.

The effect of various operating conditions and water quality parameters on the removal of perchlorate in a biologically active carbon filter

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
J.C. Brown ◽  
V.L. Snoeyink ◽  
L.M. Raskin ◽  
J.C. Chee-Sanford ◽  
R. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Perchlorate Removal ◽  
Biologically Active Carbon ◽  
Carbon Filtration ◽  
Carbon Filter

The removal of μg/L concentrations of perchlorate using biologically active carbon filtration (BAC) was investigated. Previous work has shown that BAC filtration can be a highly effective treatment process for the removal of perchlorate from drinking water. The work presented here demonstrated that perchlorate removal using BAC filtration can be inhibited by dissolved oxygen. It also showed that empty-bed contact time is a key process parameter that affects perchlorate removal in the BAC filter. Finally, it was demonstrated that BAC filtration is robust with respect to electron donor addition failure.

scholarly journals Degradation Sulfamethoxazole by Chlorination in Water Distribution Systems: Kinetics, Toxicity, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Xu ◽  
cong li ◽  
Guozijian Wei ◽  
Jie Ji ◽  
Eric Lichtfouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Batch Reactors

Abstract Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a veterinary drugs and feed additives, which has been frequently detected in surface waters in recent years. This paper investigated the kinetics, evolution of toxicity and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of SMX in reactions with free chlorine (FC) to evaluate the fate of SMX in batch reactors and water distribution systems (WDS). In the range of investigated pH (6.3 – 9.0), the SMX degradation had the fastest rate at close to neutral pH. The chlorination of SMX could be described by the first-order kinetics, with specific second-order rate constants in batch reactors of (2.23 ± 0.07) × 102 M− s and (5.04 ± 0.30) × 101 M− s− for HClO and ClO−, respectively. And in WDS of (1.76 ± 0.07) × 102 M− s− and (4.06 ± 0.62) × 101 M− s−, respectively. The SMX degradation rate was also affected by pipe material, and the rate followed the order: stainless-steel pipe (SS) > ductile iron pipe (DI) > polyethylene pipe (PE). The flow rate from 0.7 to 1.5 m/s led to an increase of SMX degradation rate in DI, but the increase was limited. In addition, SMX could increase the toxicity of water initially, yet the toxicity reduced to the level of tap water after 2 hours chlorination. The relative abundance of ARGs (sul1 and sul2) of tap water samples was significantly increased under different conditions including only use SMX, chlorination products of SMX, or pretreatment with SMX followed by chlorination.

Antibiotic resistance genes fate and removal by a technological treatment solution for water reuse in agriculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 571 ◽  
pp. 809-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Luprano ◽  
Marco De Sanctis ◽  
Guido Del Moro ◽  
Claudio Di Iaconi ◽  
Antonio Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Technological Treatment
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