Metagenomic Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Full-Scale Reclaimed Water Distribution Systems and Corresponding Potable Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 6113-6125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Garner ◽  
Chaoqi Chen ◽  
Kang Xia ◽  
Jolene Bowers ◽  
David M. Engelthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Full Scale

scholarly journals Genome-Resolved Metagenomics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes Analysis in Reclaimed Water Distribution Systems

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3477
Author(s):  
Changzhi Wang ◽  
Pei-Ying Hong
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Metagenomic Data

Water reuse is increasingly pursued to alleviate global water scarcity. However, the wastewater treatment process does not achieve full removal of biological contaminants from wastewater, hence microorganisms and their genetic elements can be disseminated into the reclaimed water distribution systems (RWDS). In this study, reclaimed water samples are investigated via metagenomics to assess their bacterial diversity, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) at both point of entry (POE) and point of use (POU) in 3 RWDS. The number of shared bacterial orders identified by metagenome was higher at the POE than POU among the three sites, indicating that specific conditions in RWDS can cause further differentiation in the microbial communities at the end of the distribution system. Two bacterial orders, namely Rhizobiales and Sphingomonadales, had high replication rates in two of the examined RWDS (i.e., site A and B), and were present in higher relative abundance in POU than at POE. In addition, MAG and ARG relative abundance exhibited a strong correlation (R2 = 0.58) in POU, indicating that bacteria present in POU may have a high incidence of ARG. Specifically, resistance genes associated with efflux pump mechanisms (e.g., adeF and qacH) increased in its relative abundance from POU to POE at two of the RWDS (i.e., site A and B). When correlated with the water quality data that suggests a significantly lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration at site D than the other two RWDS, the metagenomic data suggest that low DOC is needed to maintain the biological stability of reclaimed water along the distribution network.

scholarly journals Degradation Sulfamethoxazole by Chlorination in Water Distribution Systems: Kinetics, Toxicity, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Xu ◽  
cong li ◽  
Guozijian Wei ◽  
Jie Ji ◽  
Eric Lichtfouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Batch Reactors

Abstract Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a veterinary drugs and feed additives, which has been frequently detected in surface waters in recent years. This paper investigated the kinetics, evolution of toxicity and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of SMX in reactions with free chlorine (FC) to evaluate the fate of SMX in batch reactors and water distribution systems (WDS). In the range of investigated pH (6.3 – 9.0), the SMX degradation had the fastest rate at close to neutral pH. The chlorination of SMX could be described by the first-order kinetics, with specific second-order rate constants in batch reactors of (2.23 ± 0.07) × 102 M− s and (5.04 ± 0.30) × 101 M− s− for HClO and ClO−, respectively. And in WDS of (1.76 ± 0.07) × 102 M− s− and (4.06 ± 0.62) × 101 M− s−, respectively. The SMX degradation rate was also affected by pipe material, and the rate followed the order: stainless-steel pipe (SS) > ductile iron pipe (DI) > polyethylene pipe (PE). The flow rate from 0.7 to 1.5 m/s led to an increase of SMX degradation rate in DI, but the increase was limited. In addition, SMX could increase the toxicity of water initially, yet the toxicity reduced to the level of tap water after 2 hours chlorination. The relative abundance of ARGs (sul1 and sul2) of tap water samples was significantly increased under different conditions including only use SMX, chlorination products of SMX, or pretreatment with SMX followed by chlorination.

Characterization of Integrons and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes among Bacteria from Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Southwestern Nigeria

Chemotherapy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele T. Adesoji ◽  
Adeniyi A. Ogunjobi ◽  
Isaac O. Olatoye
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Integrase Gene ◽  
Class 1

Background: The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria in clinical and environmental settings is a global problem. Many antibiotic resistance genes are located on mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and integrons, enabling their transfer among a variety of bacterial species. Water distribution systems may be reservoirs for the spread of antibiotic resistance. Materials and Methods: Bacteria isolated from raw, treated, and municipal tap water samples from selected water distribution systems in south-western Nigeria were investigated using the point inoculation method with seeded antibiotics, PCR amplification, and sequencing for the determination of bacterial resistance profiles and class 1/2 integrase genes and gene cassettes, respectively. Results:sul1,sul2, and sul3 were detected in 21.6, 27.8, and 0% of the isolates, respectively (n = 162). Class 1 and class 2 integrons were detected in 21.42 and 3.6% of the isolates, respectively (n = 168). Genes encoding resistance to aminoglycosides (aadA2, aadA1, and aadB), trimethoprim (dfrA15, dfr7, and dfrA1), and sulfonamide (sul1) were detected among bacteria with class 1 integrons, while genes that encodes resistance to strepthothricin (sat2) and trimethoprim (dfrA15) were detected among bacteria with class 2 integrons. Conclusions: Bacteria from these water samples are a potential reservoir of multidrug-resistant traits including sul genes and mobile resistance elements, i.e. the integrase gene.

scholarly journals Genotypic Characterization of Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes from Bacteria Isolates in Selected Municipal Drinking Water Distribution Sources in Southwestern Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesoji. A. Timilehin ◽  
Olatoye. I. Olufemi ◽  
Ogunjobi. A. Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

BACKGROUND: Multi-drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria could lead to treatment failure of infectious diseases and could be transferred by non-potable water. Few studies have investigated occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) among bacteria including Aminoglycoside Modifying Genes (AMGs) from Drinking Water Distribution Systems (DWDS) in Nigeria. Here, we aimed at characterization of AMGs from DWDS from selected states insouthwestern Nigeria.METHODS: One hundred and eighty one (181) MDR bacteria that had been previously characterized using 16S rDNA and showed resistance to at least one aminoglycoside antibiotic were selected from treated and untreated six water distribution systems in southwestern Nigeria. MDR bacteria were PCR genotyped for three AMGs:aph (3´´)c, ant (3´´)b and aph(6)-1dd.RESULTS: Out of 181 MDR bacteria genotyped, 69(38.12%) tested positive for at least one of the genotyped AMGs. Highest (50, 27.62%) detected gene was ant (3”)c followed by aph (3")c(33,18.23%). Combination of aph(3")c and ant (3")b in a single bacteria was observed as the highest (14, 7.73%) among the detected gene combination. Alcaligenes sp showed the highest (10/20) occurrence of ant (3")b while aph(3")c was the highest detected among Proteussp (11/22). Other bacteria that showed the presence of AMGs include: Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Bordetella, Brevundimonas, Chromobacterium, Klebsiella, Leucobacter, Morganella, Pantoae, Proteus, Providencia, Psychrobacter and Serratia.CONCLUSIONS: High occurrence of ant (3”)c and aph (3”)c among these bacteria call for urgent attention among public health workers, because these genes can be easily disseminated to consumers of these water samples if present on mobile genetic elements like plasmids, integrons and transposons.

scholarly journals Performance of full scale constructed wetlands in removing antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes

2021 ◽  
pp. 147368
Author(s):  
N.A. Sabri ◽  
H. Schmitt ◽  
B.M. van der Zaan ◽  
H.W. Gerritsen ◽  
H.H.M. Rijnaarts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Full Scale

scholarly journals Anaerobic Digestion and Removal of Sulfamethoxazole, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Their Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Full-Scale Biogas Plant

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 502
Author(s):  
Andrea Visca ◽  
Anna Barra Caracciolo ◽  
Paola Grenni ◽  
Luisa Patrolecco ◽  
Jasmin Rauseo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
One Year

Anaerobic digestion is one of the best ways to re-use animal manure and agricultural residues, through the production of combustible biogas and digestate. However, the use of antibiotics for preventing and treating animal diseases and, consequently, their residual concentrations in manure, could introduce them into anaerobic digesters. If the digestate is applied as a soil fertilizer, antibiotic residues and/or their corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) could reach soil ecosystems. This work investigated three common soil emerging contaminants, i.e., sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENR), their ARGs sul1, sul2, qnrS, qepA, aac-(6′)-Ib-cr and the mobile genetic element intI1, for one year in a full scale anaerobic plant. Six samplings were performed in line with the 45-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the anaerobic plant, by collecting input and output samples. The overall results show both antibiotics and ARGs decreased during the anaerobic digestion process. In particular, SMX was degraded by up to 100%, ENR up to 84% and CIP up to 92%, depending on the sampling time. In a similar way, all ARGs declined significantly (up to 80%) in the digestate samples. This work shows how anaerobic digestion can be a promising practice for lowering antibiotic residues and ARGs in soil.

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