Tuning the Apparent Stability of Polymorphic Cocrystals through Mechanochemistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 7271-7279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Kulla ◽  
Christian Becker ◽  
Adam A. L. Michalchuk ◽  
Kevin Linberg ◽  
Beate Paulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Stability

Modeling Trienzyme Biosensor at Internal Diffusion Limitation

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kulys
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Internal Diffusion ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Diffusion Limitation ◽  
Enzyme Reactions ◽  
Substrate Conversion ◽  
Apparent Stability ◽  
Biosensor Response

A model of biosensor containing three immobilized enzymes utilizing consecutive substrate conversion in the chain was developed. The modeling was performed at an internal diffusion limitation and a steadystate condition. The calculations showed that significant response of biosensors was produced if diffusion modules were larger than 1 for all enzyme reactions. Due to diffusion limitation the apparent stability of biosensor response increased many times in comparison to stability of the most labile enzyme of the chain.

Studies on the Coordination Reaction of VO2+ and Tannic Acid in the Tannin Extract Desulfurization

2012 ◽  
Vol 239-240 ◽  
pp. 1573-1576
Author(s):  
Zhu Qing Gao ◽  
Xiao Dong Cai ◽  
Kai Cheng Ling
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constants ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Protonation Constants ◽  
Conditional Stability ◽  
Tannin Extract ◽  
Acid Effect ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Apparent Stability

At different temperatures, the protonation constants of tannic acid and the complex apparent stability constants between tannic acid and VO2+ were determined by using pH potentimetric method. The results showed that the protonation constants and the complex apparent stability constants slightly decreased with the raising temperature. In accordance with the pH value in the tannin extract technology, the conditional stability constants of the complex were calculated on the basis of the acid effect of tannic acid and the hydrolysis effect of VO2+. It was found that pH greatly affected the stability constants of the complex , so pH must be strictly controlled in the tannin extract technology.

The Politics of Instability in Ecuador: The Overthrow of the President, 1961

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pyne
Keyword(s):  
Military Intervention ◽  
Political History ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Coups D'etat ◽  
Apparent Stability ◽  
Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra

On 7 November 1961, a crucial date in modern Ecuadorian political history, Dr José María Velasco Ibarra, constitutional President of the Republic of Ecuador, was deposed from his high office and sought refuge in the Mexican Embassy. The apparent stability that had characterized the country's political life since 1948 was shattered. The pattern of politics since November 1961 is similar in many respects to that which occurred in the decades between the two World Wars. Coups d'état, dictatorships and military juntas are political phenomena common to both periods. The military intervention which to Velasco's dewnfall in 1961 re-established a convention which had been dormant since 1947.

scholarly journals Apparent Stability and Subtle Change in Surface and Subsurface Soil Carbon and Nitrogen under a Long-Term Fertilizer Gradient

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Collier ◽  
Matthew D. Ruark ◽  
Mack R. Naber ◽  
Todd W. Andraski ◽  
Michael D. Casler
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Subtle Change ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Subsurface Soil ◽  
Apparent Stability

scholarly journals Apparent stability of a low-density Diadema antillarum regime for Puerto Rican coral reefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 2193-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruber Rodríguez-Barreras ◽  
Alfredo Montañez-Acuña ◽  
Abimarie Otaño-Cruz ◽  
Scott D Ling
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Diadema Antillarum ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Stable Regime ◽  
Apparent Stability

Abstract Caribbean reefs have suffered decline in coral cover in recent decades due to recurrent anthropogenic and natural stressors. The regional collapse of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum, combined with overfishing, has contributed to a phase-shift of coral reef communities towards fleshy macroalgal dominance. Here, we examine the population dynamics of D. antillarum at five sites in Puerto Rico from 2011 to 2016 and determine trends between the sea urchin and local benthic habitats. The sea urchin population exhibited low but stable densities (with slight, but non-significant trend of increase), yet showed variability between sites. Large urchins (>60 mm test diam.) were the most abundant across sites and through time, followed by medium urchins (41–60 mm test diam.), whereas small individuals (<40 mm) were rare, indicating recruitment-limitation. Spatial and temporal differences in benthic habitats were not related to local D. antillarum abundances. Macroalgae cover declined at all sites over the 6 years, ranging 5–86%, whereas live coral cover also decreased across all sites (ranging 4–38%). Diadema antillarum populations in Puerto Rico appear stable with limited evidence for recovery trends back to pre-mass mortality densities. Full population recovery may take longer than expected; however, evidence indicates that the contemporary low-density D. antillarum population represents a novel stable regime.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of Mixed Ligand Complexes of Fe (II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu (II) Ions Derived from Imine of Benzidine and o-phenylenediammine

2020 ◽  
pp. 2762-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder Hamied Mihsen ◽  
Suhad Kareem Abass ◽  
Maysaa Taqe Abed –Alhasan ◽  
Zainab M. Hassan ◽  
Ali Kreem Abass
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Square Planar ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Apparent Stability

Binuclear metal complexes of the metal ions Fe (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) were synthesized by the reaction of these metal ions with the imine of benzidine (H2L) as a primary ligand and o-phenylenediammine (OPD) as a secondary ligand  in a molar ratio of 2:2:1. The prepared complexes were characterized using CHN elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-visible, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and TGA-DTA thermogravimetric analysis. All the prepared complexes showed apparent stability and could be stored for months without any appreciable change. According to the results obtained by elemental and spectral analyses, a tetrahedral structure is suggested for all the prepared complexes, except for the copper complex which showed a square planar structure. The antimicrobial activities of these complexes were evaluated against Bacillus spp. (Gram-negative bacteria), Proteus spp. (Gram-positive bacteria) and Aspergillus niger (A. niger, a fungal species). The results showed that all the prepared complexes have no apparent effects on Bacillus spp. viability, whereas Proteus spp.  and A. niger were affected significantly.

Popular Discontent and Political Activism in the GDR

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Fulbrook
Keyword(s):  
German Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
German History ◽  
Political Dissent ◽  
Peace Initiatives ◽  
East German ◽  
Apparent Stability

The German Democratic Republic was long noted for its apparent stability, efficiency and political quiescence, in contrast to the more turbulent domestic histories of neighbouring Poland and Czechoslovakia. In established narratives of East German history, the sole evidence of mass popular unrest before the autumn of 1989 was the June Uprising of 1953. After this, with a few isolated exceptions, East Germans simply kept their heads down. ‘Dissent’ was for the most part an activity associated with a few intellectuals–Harich, Havemann, Bahro–until the growth of oppositional movements associated with unofficial peace initiatives and environmentalist groups in the 1980s1. To all outward appearances, this sketch was correct. What now requires reconsideration, however, are the underlying reasons for these appearances, and the evaluation – indeed, the very characterisation – of patterns of popular political dissent in the GDR.

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