Rapid Estimation of Hydrofluoric Acid in Red Fuming Nitric Acid

1958 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Rapid Estimation ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid

Inhibiting Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid in Fuming Nitric Acid On Corrosion of Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Steels

CORROSION ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
CLARENCE E. LEVOE ◽  
DAVID M. MASON ◽  
JOHN B. RITTENHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid

Determination of hydrofluoric acid in inhibited red fuming nitric acid

The Analyst ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 93 (1112) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Croomes ◽  
R. C. McNutt
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid

Inhibiting Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid In Fuming Nitric Acid on Liquid and Gas Phase Corrosion of Several Metals

CORROSION ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. MASON ◽  
LOIS L. TAYLORS ◽  
JOHN B. RITTENHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Chromium Alloy ◽  
Pure Lead ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid

Abstract Measurements were made at 130 degrees F of the extent of corrosion of several metals exposed to the liquid and the gas phase of thermally stable nitric acid containing 11 to 13 weight percent nitrogen dioxide and 2 to 4 weight percent water with and without hydrofluoric acid added as a corrosion inhibitor. Liquid-phase corrosion of the following metals was readily inhibited by hydrofluoric acid in fuming nitric acid of this composition: aluminum alloys 2S-0 (1100), 14S-T6 (2014-T6), 17S-T4 (2017-T4), 24S-T4 (2024-T4), 61S-T6 (6061-T6), and 75S-T6 (7075-T6); aluminum 2S-0 welded to 356; and chromium-nickel steels 302, 303, 304, 321, 347, Armco 17-7PH, and Uniloy 19-9DL and 19-9DX. Carbon steel C1020 and chromium alloy steels 4130, 410, 430, and 446 having intact natural metal oxide films, which were formed in moist air, were inhibited by hydrofluoric acid. Corrosive attack of these steels without the oxide film, however, was aggravated by the presence of hydrofluoric acid in fuming nitric acid, the corrosion becoming more extensive the lower the chromium content of the steel. Commercially pure lead was inhibited by hydrofluoric acid, whereas pure chromium, Nickel-A, tantalum, and titanium alloys 75A and 130A were either only slightly inhibited or showed corrosion rates which actually were increased by presence of hydrofluoric acid in fuming nitric acid. Inhibition of gas-phase corrosion was found to occur readily in the case of the following metals tested: steels 303, 410, 430, and 446 and aluminum 61S-T6. Gas-phase corrosion of steels 4130 and 1020 was usually aggravated by hydrofluoric acid. Exposure of aluminum 61S-T6 and stainless steel 347 to fuming nitric acid with a repeated cycling of temperature between 70 and 160 degrees F was found not to impair the inhibiting effect of hydrofluoric acid on gas and liquid-phase corrosion of these metals. A few tests of the liquid and gas-phase corrosion of aluminum 61S-T6 and steels C1020 and 347 by nitrogen dioxide at 130 degrees F were also made, and this medium was found in general to be much less corrosive than fuming nitric acid. 4.3.2

Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuits Decapsulation Technique Using Mixed Acid Chemistry For Die-Level Failure Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Jeffrey M. Consigo ◽  
Ricardo S. Calanog ◽  
Melissa O. Caseria
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Mixed Acid ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Plastic Package ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Abstract Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) integrated circuits have become popular these days with superior speed/power products that permit the development of systems that otherwise would have made it impossible or impractical to construct using silicon semiconductors. However, failure analysis remains to be very challenging as GaAs material is easily dissolved when it is reacted with fuming nitric acid used during standard decapsulation process. By utilizing enhanced chemical decapsulation technique with mixture of fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at a low temperature backed with statistical analysis, successful plastic package decapsulation happens to be reproducible mainly for die level failure analysis purposes. The paper aims to develop a chemical decapsulation process with optimum parameters needed to successfully decapsulate plastic molded GaAs integrated circuits for die level failure analysis.

Synthesis and properties of 1,3-bis(4-nitrophenyl)-1-butene

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 2120-2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Čík ◽  
Anton Blažej ◽  
Kamil Antoš ◽  
Igor Hrušovský
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid

1,3-Bis(4-nitrophenyl)-1-butene was prepared by nitration of 1,3-diphenyl-1-butene (I) with fuming nitric acid in acetic acid. The double bond in I was protected by addition of bromine which was eliminated after the nitration. The UV, IR and 1H- spectra of the synthesized compounds are interpreted.

scholarly journals Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Chalmpes ◽  
Athanasios B. Bourlinos ◽  
Smita Talande ◽  
Aristides Bakandritsos ◽  
Dimitrios Moschovas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Rocket Fuel ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid ◽  
Liquid Rocket

In hypergolics two substances ignite spontaneously upon contact without external aid. Although the concept mostly applies to rocket fuels and propellants, it is only recently that hypergolics has been recognized from our group as a radically new methodology towards carbon materials synthesis. Comparatively to other preparative methods, hypergolics allows the rapid and spontaneous formation of carbon at ambient conditions in an exothermic manner (e.g., the method releases both carbon and energy at room temperature and atmospheric pressure). In an effort to further build upon the idea of hypergolic synthesis, herein we exploit a classic liquid rocket bipropellant composed of furfuryl alcohol and fuming nitric acid to prepare carbon nanosheets by simply mixing the two reagents at ambient conditions. Furfuryl alcohol served as the carbon source while fuming nitric acid as a strong oxidizer. On ignition the temperature is raised high enough to induce carbonization in a sort of in-situ pyrolytic process. Simultaneously, the released energy was directly converted into useful work, such as heating a liquid to boiling or placing Crookes radiometer into motion. Apart from its value as a new synthesis approach in materials science, carbon from rocket fuel additionally provides a practical way in processing rocket fuel waste or disposed rocket fuels.

Laboratory Synthesis and Ignition Delay Droplet Testing of White Fuming Nitric Acid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Hollingshead ◽  
Makayla L. Ianuzzi ◽  
Jeffrey D. Moore ◽  
Grant A. Risha
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid ◽  
Laboratory Synthesis
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