Determination of Reducing Sugars and Sucrose in Plant Materials

1936 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Z. Hassid
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Plant Materials

scholarly journals Determination of carbohydrates in animal foods as seven fractions

1961 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Maija-Liisa Salo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Carbohydrate Hydrolysis ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Hydrolysis Residue ◽  
Exchange Resins

An analysis system is described by means of which the carbohydrates of plant materials are successively dissolved, hydrolyzed, and determined as reducing sugars. The uronides are determined on a separate sample. In this manner 7 groups are obtained: 1) monosaccharides, 2) di-, and oligosaccharides. 3) fructosan, 4) starch. 5) hemicellulose, 6) cellulose, 7) uronides. The final hydrolysis residue from the carbohydrate hydrolysis is considered as lignin. Furthermore, crude fat, crude protein, ash, and in cold water soluble N-free non-carbohydrate organic matter are determined. The total of the results of the analyses appears to be approximately 100 %. In an alternative system used by the author, mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides and fructosan are determined as a group. The results are compared with those obtained by fractionation. The sugar solutions have been purified and neutralised with ion-exchange resins using the bath-method. Duolite A-7 and Duolite C-3 have been found to be suitable for these purposes in experiments which were made with pure solutions of individual sugars. The purity of different fractions of carbohydrates has been checked by paper chromatography. Also the proportions of individual monosaccharides in a hemicellulose fraction for a more exact calculation of their value for hemicellulose were estimated by chromatography.

Determination of Sugar in Plant Materials: Measurement of Unreduced Copper by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-750
Author(s):  
A L Potter ◽  
E D Ducay ◽  
R M Mccready
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Plant Materials

Abstract An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for the quantitative analysis of reducing sugars by determining unreduced copper. Copper reduced in alkaline solution by sugar forms insoluble Cu2O. The Cu20 was centrifuged from the solution, and the unreduced copper in solution was measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of sugar present in test solutions was determined from a working curve prepared from known amounts of sugar.

scholarly journals The Safety Assessment of Toxic Metals in Commonly Used Herbs, Spices, Tea, and Coffee in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5779
Author(s):  
Grażyna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Plant Materials

The presented study was aimed at the determination of the level of contamination with heavy metals (Cd, Pb, As, and Hg) in 240 samples of plant materials, i.e., herbal raw materials, spices, tea, and coffee. Moreover, a probabilistic risk assessment (noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks) was estimated by models including target hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (CR). The samples were subjected to microwave mineralisation with the use of HNO3 (65%), while the determination of the content of the elements was performed with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP–MS) and a mercury analyser. The element which was characterised by the highest level of accumulation in the analysed samples was lead (from 0.010 to 5.680 mg/kg). Among the heavy metals under analysis, the lowest concentration was noted in the case of mercury (from 0.005 to 0.030 mg/kg). A notably higher level of contamination with heavy metals was noted in the analysed samples of herbs and spices (0.005–5.680 mg/kg), compared to samples of tea and coffee (0.005–0.791 mg/kg). According to the guidelines of the World Health Organisation (WHO) concerning the limits of contamination of samples of herbal raw materials with heavy metals, lead levels exceeding the limits were only noted in 24 samples of herbs (18%). In all of the analysed samples of spices, tea, and coffee, no instances of exceeded limits were noted for any of the analysed heavy metals. The values of TTHQmax (in relation to the consumption of the analysed products) were as follows: up to 4.23 × 10−2 for spices, up to 2.51 × 10−1 for herbs, up to 4.03 × 10−2 for China tea, and up to 1.25 × 10−1 for roasted coffee beans. As the value of THQ ≤1, there is no probability of the appearance of undesirable effects related to the consumption of the analysed group of raw materials and products of plant origin. The CR value for As (max. value) was 1.29 × 10−5, which is lower than the maximum acceptable level of 1 × 10−4 suggested by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document