Increased analytical precision in the hollow cathode discharge emission source by improved discharge current control

1991 ◽  
Vol 63 (18) ◽  
pp. 1933-1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jih Lie. Tseng ◽  
J. C. Williams ◽  
Robert B. Bartlow ◽  
Steven T. Griffin ◽  
James C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Analytical Precision

Effect of aging the hollow cathode by sputtering on the analytical precision of the hollow cathode discharge emission source

1992 ◽  
Vol 64 (17) ◽  
pp. 1831-1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jih Lie. Tseng ◽  
Jau Yurn. Kung ◽  
J. C. Williams ◽  
Steven T. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Analytical Precision

scholarly journals Emission characteristics of laser ablation-hollow cathode glow discharge spectral source

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Karatodorov ◽  
Valentin Mihailov ◽  
Margarita Grozeva
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Sample Introduction ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Sample Material

AbstractThe emission characteristics of a scheme combining laser ablation as sample introduction source and hollow cathode discharge as excitation source are presented. The spatial separation of the sample material introduction by laser ablation and hollow cathode excitation is achieved by optimizing the gas pressure and the sample-cathode gap length. At these conditions the discharge current is maximized to enhance the analytical lines intensity.

Temporal shape of the photocurrent and the discharge current in a pulsed hollow cathode discharge

1993 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Mixon ◽  
Steven T. Griffin ◽  
Charles W. Bray ◽  
J. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Temporal Shape

Measurements of Rotational Temperatures in the Hollow Cathode Discharge

1981 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Dobrosavljević ◽  
D. S. Pešić
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge

Rotational temperatures in the uncooled hollow cathode discharge (HCD) have been measured. Using rotational lines of the OH (0,0) band, the temperatures were measured in a helium fill gas pressure range from 266 to 2130 Pa and in the discharge current between 0.1 and 0.3 A. A comparative study of these temperatures with gas and excitation temperatures in HCD is presented.

Pulse optimization criteria for the microcavity hollow cathode discharge emission source

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Mixon ◽  
Steven T. Griffin ◽  
Xiangjun J. Cai ◽  
J. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Optimization Criteria

Evaluation of a Microcavity Hollow Cathode Discharge Emission Source

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Morgan ◽  
C. L. Davis ◽  
B. W. Smith ◽  
J. D. Winefordner
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Ultratrace Analysis ◽  
Drying Time

A microcavity hollow cathode discharge emission source has been designed and evaluated for ultratrace analysis of sub-μL samples of solution residues. It was found that sample drying time and cathode precondition had a significant effect on the signal-to-background and signal-to-noise ratios. Detection limits for Cu and Pb were determined to be 10 pg and 210 fg, respectively.

Breakdown Characteristics in Argon-Helium Mixtures Using an Improved Microcavity Hollow Cathode Emission Source

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Chen ◽  
J. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Helium Mixtures ◽  
Cathode Cavity ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Gas Pressures

Improvements to the microcavity hollow cathode source are reported. These include a lower breakdown voltage and a larger operating range of fill-gas pressures of argon, helium, and mixtures of each. Data showing the effect of size, shape, and materials (copper and stainless steel) of the cathodes and anodes on the breakdown voltage are presented. The minimum discharge current required for the discharge to enter the cathode cavity is profoundly affected by the size of the cathode cavity.

Massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen über die neutralen Teilchen im negativen Glimmlicht einer zylindrischen Hohlkathoden-Entladung in N2 / Mass spectrometric study of the neutral particles in the negative glow of a cylindrical hollow cathode discharge in N2

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1397-1404
Author(s):  
Tilmann D. Märk
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Study ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Negative Glow ◽  
Fast Electrons ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dissociation Degree ◽  
Cylindrical Hollow Cathode

Detailed studies have been made of the number densities of the neutral constituents of the negative glow of a hollow cathode discharge (with currents up to 120 mA) produced in N2 at various pressures (0.2 <C p0 < 2.0 Torr).The dissociation degree XN of N2 in the presence of the discharge was determined as a function of gas pressure p0 and discharge current Id and from these data an empirical expression was derived XN p0 = C Id , with C = 7.6·1014 particles cm-3·A-1. Using this result a value of the density [es] of the fast electrons present in the negative glow as a function of discharge current was calculated to [es] = 5.9·107 Id. Also an estimated reaction rate constant was obtained for the fast bimolecular process N + NO→N2+0 (3.3·10-11 cm3s-1).Relative ionization efficiency curves at mass 28 and mass 14 in the presence and absence of the discharge yielded values of the ionization and appearance potential for N2+e→N2++2e (15.55 ± 0.1 eV), N2+e→N++N+2e (23.65±0.2 eV) and N+e→N++2e (14.35 ± 0.4 eV).

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