scholarly journals Herbicide-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) in North America: A Review

Weed Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipan Kumar ◽  
Prashant Jha ◽  
Mithila Jugulam ◽  
Ramawatar Yadav ◽  
Phillip W. Stahlman
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
North American ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
The North ◽  
Sites Of Action

AbstractKochia [Bassia scoparia(L.) A. J. Scott] is a problematic annual broadleaf weed species in the North American Great Plains.Bassia scopariainherits unique biological characteristics that contribute to its propensity to evolve herbicide resistance. Evolution of glyphosate resistance inB. scopariahas become a serious threat to the major cropping systems and soil conservation practices in the region.Bassia scopariapopulations with resistance to four different herbicide sites of action are a concern for growers. The widespread occurrence of multiple herbicide–resistant (HR)B. scopariaacross the North American Great Plains has renewed research efforts to devise integrated weed management strategies beyond herbicide use. In this review, we aim to compile and document the growing body of literature on HRB. scopariawith emphasis on herbicide-resistance evolutionary dynamics, distribution, mechanisms of evolved resistance, agronomic impacts, and current/future weed management technologies. We focused on ecologically based, non-herbicidal strategies such as diverse crop rotations comprising winter cereals and perennial forages, enhanced crop competition, cover crops, harvest weed seed control (HWSC), and tillage to manage HRB. scopariaseedbanks. Remote sensing using hyperspectral imaging and other sensor-based technologies would be valuable for early detection and rapid response and site-specific herbicide resistance management. We propose research priorities based on an improved understanding of the biology, genetic diversity, and plasticity of this weed that will aid in preserving existing herbicide resources and designing sustainable, integrated HRB. scopariamitigation plans.

scholarly journals Integrating cover crops for weed management in the semiarid U.S. Great Plains: opportunities and challenges

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-323
Author(s):  
Vipan Kumar ◽  
Augustine Obour ◽  
Prashant Jha ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Misha R. Manuchehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThe widespread evolution of herbicide resistance in weed populations has become an increasing concern for no-tillage (NT) growers in semiarid regions of the U.S. Great Plains. Lack of cost-effective and alternative new herbicide sites of action further exacerbates the problem of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds and threatens the long-term sustainability of prevailing cropping systems in the region. A recent decline in commodity prices and increasing herbicide costs to manage HR weeds has spurred research efforts to build a strong rationale for developing ecologically based integrated weed management (IWM) strategies in the U.S. Great Plains. Integration of cover crops (CCs) in NT dryland production systems potentially offers several ecosystem services, including weed control, soil health improvement, decline in selective pest pressure, and overall reduction in pest management inputs. This review article aims to document the role of CCs for IWM, with emphasis on exploring emerging weed issues; ecological, economic, and agronomic benefits of growing CCs; and constraints preventing adoption of CCs in NT cropping systems in the semiarid Great Plains. We attempt to focus on changes in weed management practices, their long-term impacts on weed seedbanks, weed shifts, and herbicide-resistance evolution in the most common weed species in the region. We also highlight current knowledge gaps and propose new research priorities based on an improved understanding of CC management strategies that will ultimately aid in achieving sustainable weed management goals and preserving natural resources in water-limited environments.

scholarly journals A New Approach to Weed Management to Mitigate Herbicide Resistance in Argentina

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (SP1) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Rubione ◽  
Sarah M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Export Taxes

The evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds is a major concern in the corn- and soybean-producing Pampas region of Argentina, where growers predominantly plant glyphosate-resistant crop varieties and depend heavily on glyphosate for weed control. Currently, 16 weed species in Argentina are resistant to one or more of three different herbicide mechanisms of action, and resistant weed populations continue to increase, posing a serious threat to agricultural production. Implementation of integrated weed management to address herbicide resistance faces significant barriers in Argentina, especially current land ownership and rental patterns in the Pampas. More than 60% of Pampas cropland is rented to tenants for periods that rarely exceed 1 yr, resulting in crop rotation being largely abandoned, and crop export taxes and quotas have further discouraged wheat and corn production in favor of continuous soybean production. In this paper we discuss ways to facilitate new approaches to weed management in Argentina, including legal and economic reforms and the formation of a national committee of stakeholders from public and private agricultural sectors.

Suppression of Glyphosate-resistant Canada Fleabane (Conyza canadensis) in Corn with Cover Crops Seeded after Wheat Harvest the Previous Year

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taïga B. Cholette ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Crimson Clover

AbstractGlyphosate-resistant (GR) and multiple herbicide–resistant (groups 2 and 9) Canada fleabane have been confirmed in 30 and 23 counties in Ontario, respectively. The widespread incidence of herbicide-resistant Canada fleabane highlights the importance of developing integrated weed management strategies. One strategy is to suppress Canada fleabane using cover crops. Seventeen different cover crop monocultures or polycultures were seeded after winter wheat harvest in late summer to determine GR Canada fleabane suppression in corn grown the following growing season. All cover crop treatments seeded after wheat harvest suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn the following year. At 4 wk after cover crop emergence (WAE), estimated cover crop ground cover ranged from 31% to 68%, a density of 124 to 638 plants m–2, and a range of biomass from 29 to 109 g m–2, depending on cover crop species. All of the cover crop treatments suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn grown the following growing season from May to September compared to the no cover crop control. Among treatments evaluated, annual ryegrass (ARG), crimson clover (CC)/ARG, oilseed radish (OSR)/CC/ARG, and OSR/CC/cereal rye (CR) were the best treatments for the suppression of GR Canada fleabane in corn. ARG alone or in combination with CC provided the most consistent GR Canada fleabane suppression, density reduction, and biomass reduction in corn. Grain corn yields were not affected by the use of the cover crops evaluated for Canada fleabane suppression.

Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: Management Tactics and Practices

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 793-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Beckie
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Reactive Management

In input-intensive cropping systems around the world, farmers rarely proactively manage weeds to prevent or delay the selection for herbicide resistance. Farmers usually increase the adoption of integrated weed management practices only after herbicide resistance has evolved, although herbicides continue to be the dominant method of weed control. Intergroup herbicide resistance in various weed species has been the main impetus for changes in management practices and adoption of cropping systems that reduce selection for resistance. The effectiveness and adoption of herbicide and nonherbicide tactics and practices for the proactive and reactive management of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds are reviewed. Herbicide tactics include sequences and rotations, mixtures, application rates, site-specific application, and use of HR crops. Nonherbicide weed-management practices or nonselective herbicides applied preplant or in crop, integrated with less-frequent selective herbicide use in diversified cropping systems, have mitigated the evolution, spread, and economic impact of HR weeds.

scholarly journals Integrated weed management strategies for delaying herbicide resistance in wild oats

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Thill ◽  
J.T. O’Donovan ◽  
C.A. Mallory-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Soil Seedbank

Herbicide-resistant biotypes of wild oats (Avena fatua) infest most major cereal producing regions in the western United States and Canada. This paper reviews potential integrated weed management strategies that can be used to prevent or delay selection of herbicide-resistant wild oats plants. An integrated wild oats management strategy to delay or prevent the development of herbicide resistance should be based on preventing the movement of wild oats seed into the soil. Two ways to achieve this are by preventing the immigration of seed into the field from external sources, and by reducing or eliminating seed production by wild oats already in the field. It is becoming increasingly clear that reliance on continuous herbicide useas the sole means of weed control will fail to eliminate wild oats and other weed seed from the soil seedbank. On the contrary, evidence is mounting that this practice will select for biotypes that are resistant to the herbicides used, especially where herbicides of the same mode of action are used continuously. It is essential, therefore, that herbicides be considered as just one component of an overall integrated System together with cultural control and other management strategies, and that agronomic principles be considered when developing this System.

From Plows, Horses, and Harnesses to Precision Technologies in the North American Great Plains

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Clay ◽  
Sharon A. Clay ◽  
Thomas DeSutter ◽  
Cheryl Reese
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
North American ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
The North

Since the discovery that food security could be improved by pushing seeds into the soil and later harvesting a desirable crop, agriculture and agronomy have gone through cycles of discovery, implementation, and innovation. Discoveries have produced predicted and unpredicted impacts on the production and consumption of locally produced foods. Changes in technology, such as the development of the self-cleaning steel plow in the 18th century, provided a critical tool needed to cultivate and seed annual crops in the Great Plains of North America. However, plowing the Great Plains would not have been possible without the domestication of plants and animals and the discovery of the yoke and harness. Associated with plowing the prairies were extensive soil nutrient mining, a rapid loss of soil carbon, and increased wind and water erosion. More recently, the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and no-tillage planters has contributed to increased adoption of conservation tillage, which is less damaging to the soil. In the future, the ultimate impact of climate change on agronomic practices in the North American Great Plains is unknown. However, projected increasing temperatures and decreased rainfall in the southern Great Plains (SGP) will likely reduce agricultural productivity. Different results are likely in the northern Great Plains (NGP) where higher temperatures can lead to increased agricultural intensification, the conversion of grassland to cropland, increased wildlife fragmentation, and increased soil erosion. Precision farming, conservation, cover crops, and the creation of plants better designed to their local environment can help mitigate these effects. However, changing practices require that farmers and their advisers understand the limitations of the soils, plants, and environment, and their production systems. Failure to implement appropriate management practices can result in a rapid decline in soil productivity, diminished water quality, and reduced wildlife habitat.

scholarly journals Cover crops to improve soil health in the North American Great Plains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine K. Obour ◽  
Logan M. Simon ◽  
Johnathon D. Holman ◽  
Patrick M. Carr ◽  
Meagan Schipanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
North American ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Rocha ◽  
Karla L. Gage ◽  
Mirian F. Pimentel ◽  
Jason P. Bond ◽  
Ahmad M. Fakhoury
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Sites Of Action

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The increase in the occurrence of resistance to herbicides complicates weed management and may further direct ecological–evolutionary (eco–evo) feedbacks in plant–pathogen complexes, including interactions between host plants and SCN. In this review, we summarize weed species reported to be hosts of SCN in the US and outline potential weed–SCN management interactions. Plants from 23 families have been reported to host SCN, with Fabaceae including most host species. Out of 116 weeds hosts, 14 species have known herbicide-resistant biotypes to 8 herbicide sites of action. Factors influencing the ability of weeds to host SCN are environmental and edaphic conditions, SCN initial inoculum, weed population levels, and variations in susceptibility of weed biotypes to SCN within a population. The association of SCN on weeds with relatively little fitness cost incurred by the latter may decrease the competitive ability of the crop and increase weed reproduction when SCN is present, feeding back into the probability of selecting for herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Therefore, proper management of weed hosts of SCN should be a focus of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to prevent further eco–evo feedbacks in the cropping system.

The Coaxium® Wheat Production System: A New Herbicide-Resistant System for Annual Grass Weed Control and Integrated Weed Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Raven A. Bough ◽  
Phillip Westra ◽  
Todd A. Gaines ◽  
Eric P. Westra ◽  
Scott Haley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Production System ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
State University ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
System A ◽  
Grass Weed ◽  
Global Food

The authors discuss the importance of wheat as a global food source and describe a novel multi-institutional, public-private partnership between Colorado State University, the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation, and private chemical and seed companies that resulted in the development of a new herbicide-resistant wheat production system.

scholarly journals Herbicide-resistant crops in resistant weed management : An industrial perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shaner
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Some of the first products of biotechnology to reach the marketplace have been herbicide-resistant crops. Industry sees the development of herbicide-resistant varieties as a way to increase the availability of proven herbicides for a broader range of crops. However, the development of herbicide- resistant crops requires special attention to potential environmental questions such as herbicide usage, selection of resistant weed biotypes and spread of resistance from the resistant crop to wild species. Industry is actively addressing these concerns during the process of development. Proper development and use of herbicide-resistant crops in integrated weed management programs will provide farmers with increased flexibility, efficiency, and decreased cost in their weed control practices without increasing the risk of herbicide-resistant weeds. Furthermore, herbicide-resistant crops should prove to be valuable tools in managing herbicide- resistant weeds.

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