scholarly journals Omics in Weed Science: A Perspective from Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Metabolomics Approaches

Weed Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amith S. Maroli ◽  
Todd A. Gaines ◽  
Michael E. Foley ◽  
Stephen O. Duke ◽  
Münevver Doğramacı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Weed Science ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Analytical Tools

AbstractModern high-throughput molecular and analytical tools offer exciting opportunities to gain a mechanistic understanding of unique traits of weeds. During the past decade, tremendous progress has been made within the weed science discipline using genomic techniques to gain deeper insights into weedy traits such as invasiveness, hybridization, and herbicide resistance. Though the adoption of newer “omics” techniques such as proteomics, metabolomics, and physionomics has been slow, applications of these omics platforms to study plants, especially agriculturally important crops and weeds, have been increasing over the years. In weed science, these platforms are now used more frequently to understand mechanisms of herbicide resistance, weed resistance evolution, and crop–weed interactions. Use of these techniques could help weed scientists to further reduce the knowledge gaps in understanding weedy traits. Although these techniques can provide robust insights about the molecular functioning of plants, employing a single omics platform can rarely elucidate the gene-level regulation and the associated real-time expression of weedy traits due to the complex and overlapping nature of biological interactions. Therefore, it is desirable to integrate the different omics technologies to give a better understanding of molecular functioning of biological systems. This multidimensional integrated approach can therefore offer new avenues for better understanding of questions of interest to weed scientists. This review offers a retrospective and prospective examination of omics platforms employed to investigate weed physiology and novel approaches and new technologies that can provide holistic and knowledge-based weed management strategies for future.

scholarly journals Weed Management in 2050: Perspectives on the Future of Weed Science

Weed Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Westwood ◽  
Raghavan Charudattan ◽  
Stephen O. Duke ◽  
Steven A. Fennimore ◽  
Pam Marrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
World Population ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Weed Science ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
The Future

AbstractThe discipline of weed science is at a critical juncture. Decades of efficient chemical weed control have led to a rise in the number of herbicide-resistant weed populations, with few new herbicides with unique modes of action to counter this trend and often no economical alternatives to herbicides in large-acreage crops. At the same time, the world population is swelling, necessitating increased food production to feed an anticipated 9 billion people by the year 2050. Here, we consider these challenges along with emerging trends in technology and innovation that offer hope of providing sustainable weed management into the future. The emergence of natural product leads in discovery of new herbicides and biopesticides suggests that new modes of action can be discovered, while genetic engineering provides additional options for manipulating herbicide selectivity and creating entirely novel approaches to weed management. Advances in understanding plant pathogen interactions will contribute to developing new biological control agents, and insights into plant–plant interactions suggest that crops can be improved by manipulating their response to competition. Revolutions in computing power and automation have led to a nascent industry built on using machine vision and global positioning system information to distinguish weeds from crops and deliver precision weed control. These technologies open multiple possibilities for efficient weed management, whether through chemical or mechanical mechanisms. Information is also needed by growers to make good decisions, and will be delivered with unprecedented efficiency and specificity, potentially revolutionizing aspects of extension work. We consider that meeting the weed management needs of agriculture by 2050 and beyond is a challenge that requires commitment by funding agencies, researchers, and students to translate new technologies into durable weed management solutions. Integrating old and new weed management technologies into more diverse weed management systems based on a better understanding of weed biology and ecology can provide integrated weed management and resistance management strategies that will be more sustainable than the technologies that are now failing.

Modeling Glyphosate Resistance Management Strategies for Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Cotton

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Neve ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Kenneth L. Smith ◽  
Ian A. Zelaya
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Resistance Evolution

A simulation model is used to explore management options to mitigate risks of glyphosate resistance evolution in Palmer amaranth in glyphosate-resistant cotton in the southern United States. Our first analysis compares risks of glyphosate resistance evolution for seven weed-management strategies in continuous glyphosate-resistant cotton monoculture. In the “worst-case scenario” with five applications of glyphosate each year and no other herbicides applied, evolution of glyphosate resistance was predicted in 74% of simulated populations. In other strategies, glyphosate was applied with various combinations of preplant, PRE, and POST residual herbicides. The most effective strategy included four glyphosate applications with a preplant fomesafen application, and POST tank mixtures of glyphosate plusS-metolachlor followed by glyphosate plus flumioxazin. This strategy reduced the resistance risk to 12% of populations. A second series of simulations compared strategies where glyphosate-resistant cotton was grown in one-to-one rotations with corn or cotton with other herbicide resistance traits. In general, crop rotation reduced risks of resistance by approximately 50% and delayed the evolution of resistance by 2 to 3 yr. These analyses demonstrate that risks of glyphosate resistance evolution in Palmer amaranth can be reduced by reducing glyphosate use within and among years, controlling populations with diverse herbicide modes of action, and ensuring that population size is kept low. However, no strategy completely eliminated the risk of glyphosate resistance.

Genetic Aspects of Herbicide-Resistant Weed Management

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Christoffers
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Frequency Increase ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Case Basis

Weed populations develop herbicide resistance when they evolve due to selection pressure. Mutations and gene flow contribute to genetic variability and provide resistant alleles. The speed of resistance gene frequency increase is determined by the inheritance of resistance alleles relative to wild-type susceptibility and is influenced by the interaction between gene expression and selection. The goal of herbicide resistance management is to minimize selection pressure while maintaining adequate weed control. However, the specific nature of each herbicide, weed, and resistance combination determines the practices that optimize undesirable selection pressure. Therefore, generalized management strategies should be recommended with caution and must not be mandated without thorough evaluation on a case-by-case basis.

scholarly journals Sustainability Aspects of Precision Agriculture for Row Crops in Florida and the Southeast United States

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Ian M. Small ◽  
David L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Technical Management ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Recent Developments

Precision agriculture or site-specific management is a knowledge-based technical management system, where sensing, information technologies, and mechanical systems enable sub-field crop management that can help optimize farm profits and minimize agriculture's impact on the environment. This technology has been developed over several decades through private sector and university research efforts, with new technologies and applications available every year. Information about a field can be obtained and continuously updated to refine management strategies or solve production issues through the season. Stated another way, it is the determination of optimal inputs needed for profitable production. This article discusses precision agriculture, recent developments in technology and factors to consider when adopting these technologies, particularly as they relate to row crop production in Florida. Original publication date October 2002. Revised July 2006, October 2013, December 2016. September 2020 revision by Ian Small

Comparisons Between Resistance Management Strategies for Insects and Weeds

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 830-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Gould
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Resistance Literature ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Structure Lead

Problems with insecticide resistance have long plagued the field of economic entomology. Genetic, biochemical, and ecological information on insects has been used to develop strategies to slow the rate of insecticide resistance evolution. Documented cases of herbicide resistance have increased dramatically over the past 10 yr. This paper compares some aspects of insect and weed biology that can be used in determining whether or not resistance management strategies developed for insects are likely to be useful in combating herbicide resistance. Differences between insects and weeds in terms of genetic architecture, mating systems, and population structure lead to differences in the expected efficacy of some resistance management strategies. Because of the localized population structure of some weeds, it may be easier to get farmers to participate in herbicide resistance management programs and avoid a “tragedy of the commons.” A review of the herbicide resistance literature reveals a number of areas of basic research on ecology and genetics of weeds that could help in designing more appropriate resistance management programs.

Future Directions and Needs for Weed Science Research

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold D. Coble
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Weed Science ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Economic Thresholds ◽  
Alternative Weed Control ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Control Methodology

There is no question that weeds negatively impact human endeavors, both in agricultural and non-agricultural environments. The need for weed population management is inarguable. The important issue is “how will we manage weeds in the future”? Will it be business as usual, or will we be able to develop and implement a fully integrated approach to weed management? If Weed Science is to become a full partner in utilizing the concepts of Integrated Pest Management, there are at least four research areas that must be significantly strengthened. These research areas include: biology and ecology of weeds and crop/weed interactions, economic thresholds for weeds, alternative weed control methodology, and information delivery systems. New or non-traditional sources of funding will be required to adequately address these important issues.

Decoding Non-Target-Site Herbicide Resistance in Sunflower: The Beginning of the Story

Helia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (70) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mercedes Gil ◽  
Graciela Nestares
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Acetohydroxyacid Synthase ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Resistance To Herbicides ◽  
Transgenic Technologies ◽  
New Compounds

AbstractIn the last years, many efforts have been made to develop sunflower cultivars showing important agronomical characteristics such as herbicide resistance. These approaches have been focused mainly on resistance to herbicides with the same mode of action, that is acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors. To date, four induced and natural AHAS mutations have been found that confer resistance to these herbicides and many of these alleles are being used for the production of sunflower hybrids resistant to herbicides and to develop different non-transgenic technologies for weed control. However, little is known about the bases of non-target-site-based resistance (NTSR) developing cross-resistance to herbicides with different modes of action in sunflower. These mechanisms diminish the number of active herbicide molecules that reach the target and are generally polygenic. Elucidating the nature of NTSR would allow evaluating maximal efficiency conditions for the herbicide and would enable to establish weed management strategies in sunflower crop. Nowadays, mining of NTSR genes can be more easily accomplished taking advantage of up-to-date omics-based approaches: high-throughput techniques involving genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Considering the difficulties in the discovery of new compounds with a broad spectrum of weed control, it results essential to broaden the use of former herbicides which are highly efficient and ecologically desirable. Full understanding of NTSR mechanisms in sunflower would allow detecting specific genes potentially useful as biotechnological tools for the phytoremediation of herbicides and modern plant breeding.

Weed Thresholds: The Space Component and Considerations for Herbicide Resistance

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Population Frequency ◽  
Selection For

As an extension of weed threshold models in which crop losses are based on weed density, an alternative model for grass weeds in cereal crops is proposed that incorporates the theoretical importance of selection for herbicide resistance, initial weed population frequency, and weed seed dispersal. Simulations suggest optimum weed population levels (thresholds) for maintaining genotypes that are susceptible to control practices and which minimize crop yield reductions. Weed population frequency, in combination with dispersal and competitive traits may determine optimum weed management strategies/Model simulations indicate that understanding how agricultural practices select for “weedy” traits (e.g. herbicide resistance, competitive ability, dispersal potential) may be important in determining weed density thresholds.

Herbicide resistance in the nursery crop production and landscape maintenance industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-446
Author(s):  
Jeffrey F. Derr ◽  
Joseph C. Neal ◽  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Christmas Tree ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Ornamental Species

AbstractWeed management is an important issue for nursery crop and Christmas tree producers, as well as for those maintaining turfgrass or ornamental species in landscape plantings. PRE and POST herbicides are important weed management tools for these industries. Reports of herbicide-resistant weeds increased from fewer than 100 cases in 1985 to nearly 500 cases globally in 2019, including ones found in turfgrass or ornamental systems. The evolution, persistence, and management of herbicide-resistant weeds are an ongoing educational process. We must keep our stakeholders aware of improved weed control technology and provide them information on resistant weeds. A symposium at the 2019 Weed Science Society of America meeting was conducted with presentations and discussions by invited speakers in relation to current research and potential management strategies for resistant weeds in turfgrass, landscape ornamental, and nursery crops. To prepare for the symposium, a survey was prepared for nursery producers and landscapers on the issues of herbicide-resistant weeds and offsite movement of herbicides used to control herbicide-resistant weeds. Overall, most respondents felt herbicide-resistant weeds are a serious problem and most had personally observed herbicide resistance on properties they maintain. Resistance to glyphosate was the herbicide cited by most respondents, followed by resistance to triazine herbicides. Most felt their weed-control costs had increased because of resistant weeds. Approximately 20% of respondents had their operation affected by drift of herbicides from nearby farm fields, with most reporting no damage from spray or vapor drift, but a few reported greater than 50% of the crop damaged.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document