scholarly journals Using 2.4 GHz load-side voltage standing waves to passively boost RF-DC voltage conversion in RF rectifier

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Rushi Vyas ◽  
Sichong Li ◽  
Fadhel Ghannouchi
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Input Impedance ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Matching Network ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Wireless Energy Harvesting ◽  
Voltage Conversion

AbstractA novel, dual-band, voltage-multiplying (RF-DC) rectifier circuit with load-tuned stages resulting in a 50 Ω input-impedance and high RF-DC conversion in 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands for wireless energy-harvesting is presented. Its novelty is in the use of optimal-length transmission lines on the load side of the 4 half-wave rectifying stages within the two-stage voltage multiplier topology. Doing so boosts the rectifier's output voltage due to an induced standing-wave peak at each diode's input, and gives the rectifier a 50 Ω input-impedance without an external-matching-network in the 2.4 GHz band. Comparisons with other rectifiers show the proposed design achieving a higher DC output and better immunity to changing output loads for similar input power levels and load conditions. The second novelty of this rectifier is a tuned secondary feed that connects the rectifier's input to its second stage to give dual-band performance in the 5.8 GHz band. By tuning this feed such that the second stage and first stage reactances cancel, return-loss resonance in the 5.8 GHz band is achieved in addition to 2.4 GHz. Simulations and measurements of the design show RF-DC sensitivity of −7.2 and −3.7 dBm for 1.8V DC output, and better than 10 dB return-loss, in 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands without requiring an external-matching-network.

scholarly journals A Novel Analytical Design Technique for a Wideband Wilkinson Power Divider Using Dual-Band Topology

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6330
Author(s):  
Asif I. Omi ◽  
Rakibul Islam ◽  
Mohammad A. Maktoomi ◽  
Christine Zakzewski ◽  
Praveen Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Design Technique ◽  
Fractional Bandwidth ◽  
Coupled Line ◽  
Analytical Design ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Wilkinson Power Divider

In this paper, a novel analytical design technique is presented to implement a coupled-line wideband Wilkinson power divider (WPD). The configuration of the WPD is comprised of three distinct coupled-line and three isolation resistors. A comprehensive theoretical analysis is conducted to arrive at a set of completely new and rigorous design equations utilizing the dual-band behavior of commensurate transmission lines. Further, the corresponding S-parameters equations are also derived, which determine the wideband capability of the proposed WPD. To validate the proposed design concept, a prototype working at the resonance frequencies of 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz is designed and fabricated using 60 mils thick Rogers’ RO4003C substrate. The measured result of the fabricated prototype exhibits an excellent input return loss > 16.4 dB, output return loss > 15 dB, insertion loss < 3.30 dB and a remarkable isolation > 22 dB within the band and with a 15 dB and 10 dB references provide a fractional bandwidth of 110% and 141%, respectively.

scholarly journals Dual-band Dipole Antenna for 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz RFID Tag Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yu ◽  
J. Ni ◽  
Z. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Input Impedance ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Frequency Identification

In this paper, a dual-band dipole antenna for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag application at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz is designed and optimized using HFSS 13. The proposed antenna is composed of a bent microstrip patch and a coupled rectangular microstrip patch. The optimal results of this antenna are obtained by sweeping antenna parameters. Its return losses reach to -18.7732 dB and -18.2514 dB at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The bandwidths (Return loss <=-10 dB) are 2.42~2.50 GHz and 5.77~5.82 GHz. And the relative bandwidths are 3.3% and 0.9%. It shows good impedance, gain, and radiation characteristics for both bands of interest. Besides, the input impedance of the proposed antenna may be tuned flexibly to conjugate-match to that of the IC chip.

Dual-band 3-way power divider and combiner based on CRLH-TLs

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bemani ◽  
Saeid Nikmehr
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Relative Dielectric Constant ◽  
Band 3 ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Planar Array ◽  
Easy Integration

In this paper, by using composite right and left handed transmission lines and non-radiating CRLH-TLs, a dual-band 3-way series power divider (SPD) is presented. The proposed dual-band divider is designed and fabricated on an inexpensive FR4 substrate of thickness h = 0.79 mm and a relative dielectric constant of εr = 4.4 to work at 0.915 and 2.440 GHz. Also, in order to improve the isolation characteristics of this divider, three isolation resistors are implemented among output ports. Derived formulas are presented in details. The dual-band nature of the designed SPD, good input return loss, as well as equal power split among the three output ports, flexibility of spacing the output ports arbitrarily apart, and easy integration with planar devices make the proposed divider well suited for feeding many dual-band microwave circuits, such as multipliers, mixers, and planar array antennas. In addition, due to its excellent return-loss at the output ports and its high isolation, the proposed divider in this paper can be used as a power combiner.

scholarly journals Compact Two-Section Half-Wave Balun Based on Planar Artificial Transmission Lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjun Liu ◽  
Zhenyu Yin ◽  
Yilan Yang ◽  
Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Characteristic Impedance ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Power Combining ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Phase Balance

Artificial transmission lines are realized by a series of meandered-line inductors, parallel-plate capacitors, and interdigital capacitors, which belong to metamaterial transmission lines. An ameliorated artificial transmission line is proposed to realize a low characteristic impedance transmission line. A two-section half-wave balun at 900 MHz is designed, fabricated, and measured in this paper. The compact balun is based on conventional and ameliorated planar artificial transmission lines instead of microstrip transmission lines. The main advantage of the proposed balun is its size reduction, which occupies only about 10% of a conventional one. Measured results match well with theory and simulation. The balun features excellent amplitude and phase balance in microwave power combining and a reasonable bandwidth of the return loss as well.

scholarly journals Compact dual-band RF rectifier for wireless energy harvesting using CRLH technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Marwa Jasim Alhily ◽  
Nasr Al-Khafaji ◽  
Salim Wadi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Band Structure ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Lumped Elements ◽  
Wireless Energy Harvesting ◽  
High Output

<p>In this paper, a new dual-band radio frequency (RF) rectifier was designed. The proposed design is a low-profile structure with dimensions of <br /> 5×5.5 mm<sup>2</sup> owing to the use of lumped elements rather than the conventional transmission lines which occupy large footprints. This property can be potentially exploited to use the proposed rectifier in high dense rectenna arrays to generate high output direct current (DC) voltages. Furthermore, the proposed design adopts the composite right/left-handed composite right left-handed (CRLH) technique to realize the dual-band structure at frequencies of 1.8 and 2.4 GHz. Afterward, the matching circuit was optimized to make sure that it offers good matching. The frequency response shows good matching at both bands which are about -22 and -25 dB respectively. Eventually, the simulated circuit has a conversion efficiency of 52% and output voltages of 0.5 V at -5 dBm for the two bands.</p>

AUTOMATED SYNTHESIS OF BROADBAND MATCHING AND FILTERING DEVICES

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
S. V. Popov ◽  
G. N. Devyatkov
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Matching Problem ◽  
Engineering Product ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Broadband Matching ◽  
Element Base

When designing radioelectronic devices, that are included in the composition of various systems, it is important to solve broadband matching problem and filtering problem. However, usually these problems are separated and not considered together. Moreover, the synthesis of filters does not take into account the behavior of impedances of the generator and the load in the stopbands. The solution of the complex problem is actual, since it allows expanding the functionality of the device, which can greatly simplify the construction of the radio engineering product. It should be noted that in the known literature solution of this problem in such a formulation is not considered. The aim of the work is to develop a synthesis method and algorithm of broadband devices that connect arbitrary immitances of the generator and the load, and these devices should perform simultaneously functions of both matching and filtering in reactive lumped electric element base and in distributed electric element base, limited only by transmission lines with T-waves. In this paper, a two-stage automated method of synthesis presented here stage allows at the first to adequately find a good initial solution to the posed problem (determining structure and parameters of the broadband matching and filtering quadrupole), in the second stage this approach allows to find the optimal solution to the complex problem, taking into account the constraints on physical and circuit realizability. In this work, the synthesis of broadband matching and filtering devices in lumped and distributed electrical element basis is carried out, and these devices connect complex impedances of the source and the load. The characteristics of the devices obtained after the synthesis show that the solution of the complex problem of matching and filtering gives a significant improvement in filtering properties with small losses in the level of transmitted power.

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