scholarly journals A Comparison of Heritability Maps of Cortical Surface Area and Thickness and the Influence of Adjustment for Whole Brain Measures: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Twin Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa T. Eyler ◽  
Chi-Hua Chen ◽  
Matthew S. Panizzon ◽  
Christine Fennema-Notestine ◽  
Michael C. Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Area Measure ◽  
Regional Patterns

Understanding the genetic and environmental contributions to measures of brain structure such as surface area and cortical thickness is important for a better understanding of the nature of brain-behavior relationships and changes due to development or disease. Continuous spatial maps of genetic influences on these structural features can contribute to our understanding of regional patterns of heritability, since it remains to be seen whether genetic contributions to brain structure respect the boundaries of any traditional parcellation approaches. Using data from magnetic resonance imaging scans collected on a large sample of monozygotic and dizygotic twins in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging, we created maps of the heritability of areal expansion (a vertex-based area measure) and cortical thickness and examined the degree to which these maps were affected by adjustment for total surface area and mean cortical thickness. We also compared the approach of estimating regional heritability based on the average heritability of vertices within the region to the more traditional region-of-interest (ROI)-based approach. The results suggested high heritability across the cortex for areal expansion and, to a slightly lesser degree, for cortical thickness. There was a great deal of genetic overlap between global and regional measures for surface area, so maps of region-specific genetic influences on surface area revealed more modest heritabilities. There was greater inter-regional variability in heritabilities when calculated using the traditional ROI-based approach compared to summarizing vertex-by-vertex heritabilities within regions. Discrepancies between the approaches were greatest in small regions and tended to be larger for surface area than for cortical thickness measures. Implications regarding brain phenotypes for future genetic association studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Regional Cortical Surface Area in Humans: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Twin Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2313-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa T. Eyler ◽  
Elizabeth Prom-Wormley ◽  
Matthew S. Panizzon ◽  
Allison R. Kaup ◽  
Christine Fennema-Notestine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cortical Surface Area

scholarly journals In vivo evaluation of cortical thickness with magnetic resonance imaging in patients with bipolar disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Martin Doring ◽  
Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo ◽  
Juliana Rodrigues Doring ◽  
Jiosef Fainberg ◽  
Mario Juruena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Regional measurements of pulmonary edema by using magnetic resonance imaging

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 2143-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Caruthers ◽  
C. B. Paschal ◽  
N. A. Pou ◽  
R. J. Roselli ◽  
T. R. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Extravascular Lung Water ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Indicator Dilution ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lung Water

A three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method to measure pulmonary edema and lung microvascular barrier permeability was developed and compared with conventional methods in nine mongrel dogs. MRIs were obtained covering the entire lungs. Injury was induced by injection of oleic acid (0.021–0.048 ml/kg) into a jugular catheter. Imaging followed for 0.75–2 h. Extravascular lung water and permeability-related parameters were measured from multiple-indicator dilution curves. Edema was measured as magnetic resonance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Postinjury wet-to-dry lung weight ratio was 5.30 ± 0.38 ( n = 9). Extravascular lung water increased from 2.03 ± 1.11 to 3.00 ± 1.45 ml/g ( n = 9, P < 0.01). Indicator dilution studies yielded parameters characterizing capillary exchange of urea and butanediol: the product of the square root of equivalent diffusivity of escape from the capillary and capillary surface area ( D 1/2 S) and the capillary permeability-surface area product ( PS). The ratio of D 1/2 Sfor urea to D 1/2 Sfor butanediol increased from 0.583 ± 0.027 to 0.852 ± 0.154 ( n = 9, P < 0.05). Whole lung SNR at baseline, before injury, correlated with D 1/2 Sand PS ratios (both P < 0.02). By using rate of SNR change, the mismatch of transcapillary filtration flow and lymph clearance was estimated to be 0.2–1.8 ml/min. The filtration coefficient was estimated from these values. Results indicate that pulmonary edema formation during oleic acid injury can be imaged regionally and quantified globally, and the results suggest possible regional quantification by using three-dimensional MRI.

scholarly journals Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data Fusion Reveals Distinct Patterns of Abnormal Brain Structure and Function in Catatonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Hirjak ◽  
Mahmoud Rashidi ◽  
Katharina M Kubera ◽  
Georg Northoff ◽  
Stefan Fritze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Abnormal Brain

Abstract Catatonia is a nosologically unspecific syndrome, which subsumes a plethora of mostly complex affective, motor, and behavioral phenomena. Although catatonia frequently occurs in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), specific patterns of abnormal brain structure and function underlying catatonia are unclear at present. Here, we used a multivariate data fusion technique for multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to investigate patterns of aberrant intrinsic neural activity (INA) and gray matter volume (GMV) in SSD patients with and without catatonia. Resting-state functional MRI and structural MRI data were collected from 87 right-handed SSD patients. Catatonic symptoms were examined on the Northoff Catatonia Rating Scale (NCRS). A multivariate analysis approach was used to examine co-altered patterns of INA and GMV. Following a categorical approach, we found predominantly frontothalamic and corticostriatal abnormalities in SSD patients with catatonia (NCRS total score ≥ 3; n = 24) when compared to SSD patients without catatonia (NCRS total score = 0; n = 22) matched for age, gender, education, and medication. Corticostriatal network was associated with NCRS affective scores. Following a dimensional approach, 33 SSD patients with catatonia according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision were identified. NCRS behavioral scores were associated with a joint structural and functional system that predominantly included cerebellar and prefrontal/cortical motor regions. NCRS affective scores were associated with frontoparietal INA. This study provides novel neuromechanistic insights into catatonia in SSD suggesting co-altered structure/function-interactions in neural systems subserving coordinated visuospatial functions and motor behavior.

scholarly journals Emerging Trends in Neuroimaging of Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Neda Bernasconi ◽  
Irene Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Neuroimaging techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging, yield increasingly sophisticated markers of brain structure and function. Combined with ongoing developments in machine learning, these methods refine our abilities to detect subtle epileptogenic lesions and develop reliable prognostics.

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