Diet Quality of Farm and Nonfarm Households in the First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Roles of Technological Change and Women’s Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-731
Author(s):  
Cathleen Zick ◽  
Anna Birtulescu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Household Technology ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Strong Positive Association

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, dramatic increases in Americans’ obesity rates have led some nutrition activists to call for a return to the dietary norms of earlier times when homemakers spent more time in meal preparation. Using archival data from unique survey records gathered in Upstate New York in 1936 and 1952, we provide descriptive information on the quality of the diets using measures of the variety of foods served and a modified version of U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Healthy Eating Index. Our multivariate analyses focus in on the relationships between diet quality and sociodemographics, homemakers’ time use, and household technology. We conclude that the typical Upstate New York diet of the 1930s was not of high quality, but improvements had occurred by the early 1950s. Our multivariate analyses reveal that access to modern kitchen technology had a strong, positive association with diet quality while homemakers’ time devoted to food-related activities was only weakly linked.

Diet Quality of Preschoolers in Greece Based on the Healthy Eating Index: The GENESIS Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannis Manios ◽  
Georgia Kourlaba ◽  
Katerina Kondaki ◽  
Evangelia Grammatikaki ◽  
Manolis Birbilis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index

scholarly journals Nutritional intake and overall diet quality of female soccer players before the competition period

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel dos SANTOS ◽  
Jacqueline Queiroz da SILVEIRA ◽  
Thais Borges CESAR
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Soccer

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the dietary intake and overall diet quality of female soccer players before the competitive games. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 21 women aged 20.8±4.5 years from a professional soccer team. Their nutritional status and dietary adequacy during the training period, before competition season, were assessed. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24-hour recalls, one food frequency questionnaire, and the Healthy Eating Index, an overall diet quality index based on food group intake. Results: The athletes have shown proper nutritional status, but a diet deficient in energy due largely to low carbohydrate intake. On the other hand, the intakes of protein, fatty acids, and sodium were above the recommended intakes, even for athletes. Diet quality assessment by the Healthy Eating Index - 2010 resulted in a mean score of 54.6 points of a maximum of 100, indicating a need of improving the overall diet quality. Conclusion: The study found that the dietary patterns of female football players were both quantitatively and qualitatively inappropriate. A nutritional intervention is indicated to improve diet quality, with the inclusion of various foods, such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and better protein quality, along with a reduction in saturated fats, sodium, and added sugar.

scholarly journals A cohort study on diet and the risk of Parkinson's disease: the role of food groups and diet quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sääksjärvi ◽  
P. Knekt ◽  
A. Lundqvist ◽  
S. Männistö ◽  
M. Heliövaara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Incident Cases

Previous studies on individual foods and nutrients and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk have been inconsistent. Furthermore, only one study has examined the association between the quality of diet and PD. We investigated the prediction of food groups and diet quality on PD in the Finnish Mobile Clinic Survey (1966–72). The population comprised 4524 individuals, aged 40–79 years and free from PD at baseline. Data collection included health examinations, a questionnaire and a 1-year dietary history interview. A modified Alternate Healthy Eating Index was formed to assess diet quality. Statistical analyses were based on Cox's model. During a 41-year follow-up, eighty-five incident cases of PD occurred. No statistically significant associations were found between PD incidence and most of the food groups examined. A few exceptions were fruits and berries in men and milk in women, which showed positive associations. An inverse association between the intake of meat products and PD was found in women. The diet quality index did not predict PD, the adjusted relative risk between the highest and lowest quartiles being 1·83 (95 % CI 0·65, 5·18) in men and 0·97 (95 % CI 0·38, 2·48) in women. The present study suggests that since most of the single food groups or the quality of diet did not predict PD occurrence, the role of diet is apparently rather modest.

scholarly journals Role of alternate healthy eating index (AHEI) in communicating the quality of diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Krishna Mohandas ◽  
L. Prema
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
The Difference

The food habits of global population has been evolving in such a way that makes unhealthy foods cheaper and widely available and healthy foods costly and less available. Being surrounded by such foods and living in an environment with lesser requirement for physical activity is the primary reason for the pandemic explosion in overweight and obesity. This study is an attempt to analyze the quality of diet with an aim to study the significance of Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) in predicting the quality of dietary intake. Methodology: The study was conducted in 66 respondents (44 females and 22 males) aged 18-65 years with BMI between 23 kg/m2 to 50 kg/m2. The respondent’s data were collected using a pretested standard questionnaire. The nutrient consumption was calculated from the 24 hour recall and the AHEI scores were derived from recall and food use frequency data. The data were analysed using SAS software. Results: The intake of Energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates were more than their requirement while intake of fibre was not meeting the requirement. The AHEI scores obtained ranged from 36 to 76 with a mean value of 55.6 ± 9.54. A positive linear association for AHEI with BMI (0.0362) and energy intake (0.13) was established through Pearson’s correlation while the association was negative with BMR (-0.14). Paired t test comparing AHEI against the difference between intake and requirement of macronutrients revealed that when the diet quality was good (as indicated by AHEI>51), the difference in intake exhibited a significant linear relationship with p values <0.001 while no relation was established when the diet quality was poor. Conclusion: AHEI encompasses all nutrients and food groups relevant to metabolic health and it can be used as a good tool to assess the quality of dietary habits of overweight and obese subjects.

scholarly journals Assessing Diet Quality of People with Parkinson's Disease: Dietary Screening Tool Versus HEI-2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 517-517
Author(s):  
Sarah Dobiszewski ◽  
Leslie Mahler ◽  
Ingrid Lofgren
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Not At Risk

Abstract Objectives To assess the diet quality of people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD) using two assessment tools: Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and the Dietary Screening Tool (DST). HEI-2015 and DST scores were compared for alignment to explore associations between HEI-2015 and DST total scores and sub-scores. Methods This secondary data analysis utilized a total of 28 participants from two studies examining PwPD and their informal caregivers. Dietary data was collected with two 24-hour recalls using the multiple pass method and entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR). SAS Version 9.4 was used to compute HEI-2015 scores to assess diet quality. The HEI-2015 score is a total of 100 points and is based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for 2015–2020. Total HEI-2015 scores and 13 component scores were interpreted using the graded approach (grades A-F). Radar graphs provide a visual representation. Participants also completed the DST. The DST is a 25-item questionnaire used to identify dietary patterns and assess nutritional risk. Total scores were categorized into at risk &lt;60, possibly risk 60–75, and not at risk &gt;75. Sub-scores were calculated with point classifications for specific food categories. These sub-scores were divided into tertials of recommended intakes less than 50%, 50–80% and 80–100%, and compared for alignment between DST sub-scores and HEI-2015 sub-scores by assessing total number of pairs per category. Results The mean total score was 59.4 ± 28.6 for DST and 58.7 ± 22.2 for HEI-2015. HEI-2015 scores fell into grades of A (n = 0) B (n = 3) C (n = 3) D (n = 7) F (n = 14). PwPD who were categorized at risk from the DST scores (n = 18) received an HEI grade of D/F. PwPD who were at possible risk (n = 7) received a grade of B/C/D. PwPD who were not at risk (n = 3) received a grade of B/C/D for sub-scores, vegetable intake had a 50% alignment in scores, fat/sugar 43% alignment, whole grains and dairy 46% alignment and fruit 39% alignment. Conclusions There appeared to be partial alignment between the total HEI-2015 scores and DST nutritional risk scores. Sub-scores differ 50% of the time. Due to differences between the assessment tools, more research is needed to validate the DST in PwPD as this can be a less taxing assessment compared with 24-hour recalls. Funding Sources There was no external funding for this study.

scholarly journals Quality of diet related to food insecurity and food stamps use among older people

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria F Montoya ◽  
Andre W Hite ◽  
Patricia Rohrbeck ◽  
Binky Bawa ◽  
Oladayo O Akinwolemiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Stamps ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Food Security Status

We explore the association between quality of diet and food security status among older persons. Cross-sectional survey of large national samples, from the National Health & Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-1994 & 2001-2002), in the United States. A total of 5,039 and 2,040 men and women aged 60 and older, respectively. The dependent variable was the healthy eating index (HEI; 2000 and 2005) as a measure of diet quality. The independent variable of interest was food security status and was categorized as food secure, food insecurity receiving food stamps and food insecurity not receiving food stamps. In multivariate analyses, food insecure individuals not receiving food stamps had lower total HEI-2000 scores compared to food secure individuals (b=-3.91, SE=1.81, P=0.0310). Factors independently associated with high HEI (2000 or 2005) scores were female gender, being married, highly educated or wealthy, with very good/ excellent perceived health, or without functional limitations. Food secure individuals had better quality of diet than food insecure individuals. Among food insecure individuals, receiving food stamps was not associated with diet quality. Food insecure families with older individuals may need new methods of dissemination of food and nutrition programs – methods that yield positive and promising changes in the health status of this special population group.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Index: Assessment of the Diet Quality of a Brazilian Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117863881881884
Author(s):  
Dalila Pinto de Souza Fernandes ◽  
Maria Sônia Lopes Duarte ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽  
Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Quality

Background: The food consumption assessment is necessary to monitor elderly’s nutritional status because it allows detecting nutrition deficits and guiding the elaboration of effective conducts. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the global quality of the elderly’s diet in Viçosa—MG, Brazil. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study, involving noninstitutionalized elderly. Diet quality was assessed through the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) validated to the Brazilian population. Results: The study comprised 620 elderly individuals. The mean total BHEI-R score was 64.28. The worse consumption scores concerned the components Whole grains, Milk and derivatives, Sodium, Total fruit, and Whole fruit. Approximately 82% scored zero (0%) for Whole grains and 67% for Sodium. Men presented significantly lower scores than women, who have presented maximal score in the same items. Women’s scores were not only significantly higher for Total fruit, Whole fruit, Milk and derivatives, but also significantly lower for Saturated fat. Discussion: Most elderly need to improve their diet quality. Strategies heading toward the improvement of diet quality must be priority in policies to health promotion toward the healthy and active aging.

Comparison of Diet Quality for Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women

2017 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Hande Nur Onur
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Foetal Development ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Child Bearing

A woman’s nutritional status prior to and during pregnancy affects foetal development, the course of the pregnancy and her long-term health. This study aims to determine the diets of pregnant and non-pregnant women using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). The study was performed on 43 non-pregnant and 25 pregnant volunteers, who had no chronic diseases, took no diet treatments and had a mean age of 23.0 ± 30.1 years. Their general features were determined through a questionnaire, dietary intake was measured by 24-hour dietary recall method, diet quality was assessed by HEI-2010 and energy and nutrient intake was calculated by the Nutrition Information System programme. The diet quality of 60.3% of the participants was found to be poor, while 39.7% was average. Although pregnant women had a slightly higher HEI-2010 score, the diet quality was low for all; hence, dieticians should provide nutrition education for all child-bearing aged women. Keywords: Diet quality, healthy eating index, pregnancy nutrition.

Evaluation of diet quality of Egyptian adolescents using healthy eating index

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebal Abdel Rahman Aboul Ella ◽  
Mervat Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Wafaa Mohamed Abo El Makarem Saleh ◽  
Asmaa Mahmoud Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index

Associations between diet quality and physical activity measures among a southern Ontario regional sample of grade 6 students

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Woodruff ◽  
Rhona M. Hanning
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality and physical activity behaviours of grade 6 students by sex and body weight status, and to determine the associations between diet quality and physical activity behaviours. The Web-based Food Behaviour Questionnaire, which included a 24-h diet recall and the modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), was administered to a cross-section of schools (n = 405 students from 15 schools). Measured height and weight were used to calculate body mass index and weight status (Cole et al. 2000). A Canadian version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-C) was used to describe overall diet quality. The mean HEI-C was 69.6 (13.2) with the majority (72%) falling into the needs improvement category. The overall mean physical activity score was 3.7 out of a maximum of 5, with obese subjects being less active compared with normal weight and overweight (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression analysis (of HEI-C vs. all measures of the PAQ-C, sex, and weight status) revealed that HEI-C ratings were likely to be higher in students that walked to and from school 5 days per week (vs. 0 days per week; odds ratio 3.18, p = 0.010); and were active 1 evening per week (vs. none; odds ratio 3.48, p = 0.039). The positive association between diet quality and some aspects of physical activity suggests possible clustering of health behaviours. Future research should test the potential benefits of promoting 1 health behaviour (e.g., healthy eating) with another (e.g., physical activity).

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