scholarly journals 5.2-5.8 ka BP Paleoenvironment of the Southern Slope of Mount Raizan, Japan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Okuno ◽  
Shinji Nagaoka ◽  
Yoshitaka Hase ◽  
Yuichi Mori ◽  
Masahiko Konomatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Slope Deposits

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating and paleoecological analysis of slope deposits at Mt Raizan provided seven 14C dates indicating that landslides occurred in that area at 6.0 to 6.3 cal ka BP and 6.5 cal ka BP. Plant macrofossils, pollen grains, and spores point to a mixed forest at that time, consisting of conifers and broad-leaved trees. On the other hand, insect fossil indicates slightly colder climate than that of the flora. This difference may be attributed to varied sensitivities of each proxy to climatic changes.

Refining chronologies by dating pollen concentrates – new approach of separating pollen using flow cytometry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Steinhoff ◽  
Nadine Pickarski ◽  
Thomas Litt
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Short Period

<p>Radiocarbon dating of terrestrial plant-remains is a traditional method for precise age estimations of lake sediments. The absence of sufficient large plant macrofossils required for AMS dating in continental records, especially large lakes, demands for a satisfactory alternative, such as carbon-containing microfossils. Due to their ubiquitous presence in sedimentary archives pollen grains may be considered for dating. Nevertheless, the isolation and enrichment of pollen without a significant carbon contamination is still challenging. Even though commonly applied separation techniques can be used to remove the predominant portions of foreign particles, the undesirable transfer of these particles into the pollen concentrate cannot be excluded, yet. However, flow cytometry, as a highly promising alternative, offers the possibility to sort huge quantities of particles in a short period of time and to generate pure pollen concentrates from heterogeneous samples suitable for AMS radiocarbon dating.</p><p>In this study we present the approach to sort limnic sediment samples using flow cytometry. We are able to unequivocally identify pollen populations in the heterogeneous composition of the sediments and isolate them. The sediments analyzed were taken from the continental record of Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia). Annually laminated layers from the Holocene section of the sediment cores allow a precise temporal classification and validation of generated radiocarbon ages derived from fossil pollen. Although it is now possible to produce pollen concentrates without the contamination of foreign particles, the isolation of a sufficient quantity of pollen grains to generate reliable radiocarbon ages is still difficult. An increase pollen yield is required. Due to the limitation of the initial material, it is therefore especially necessary to improve the efficiency during the cytometric analysis.</p><p>Our results show the importance to steadily optimize the processing steps during chemical pretreatment, cytometric analysis as well as the radiocarbon dating itself. This facilitates the handling of the ultra-small samples and ensures precise age estimations of the pollen concentrates. Furthermore improving the laboratory routine for the enrichment of pollen will allow the analysis of vast amounts of samples in a short period of time. In consequence, dating pollen concentrates generated by flow cytometry can be used as a robust contribution and independent time control for existing chronologies in continental climate records.</p>

scholarly journals A Pretreatment Procedure for the AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Sub-Fossil Insect Remains

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Tripp ◽  
T F G Higham ◽  
R E M Hedges
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
The Other ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Maillard Reactions ◽  
Fossil Insect ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Acid Wash ◽  
Ams Dates

Two pretreatment methods for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of insect remains were explored. One method involves a simple acid wash that removes carbonate, while the other is based on the industrial purification of chitin and results in isolation of polymeric chitosan. No contamination is observed from Maillard reactions during the deacetylation reaction used to isolate the chitosan. The methods were tested on Coleoptera samples from two Roman Britain sites. Our results demonstrate that both methods produce acceptable AMS dates that correspond well to the expected age of the deposits from which they came.

AMS Radiocarbon Dates of Pyroclastic-Flow Deposits on the Southern Slope of the Kuju Volcanic Group, Kyushu, Japan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Okuno ◽  
Shinji Nagaoka ◽  
Yoko Saito-Kokubu ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Tetsuo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pyroclastic Flow ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Volcanic Group ◽  
Lava Domes ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe Kuju volcanic group, located in central Kyushu, Japan, consists of small stratovolcanoes and lava domes. To refine the eruptive history of the group, we conducted accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating of charcoal fragments from three pyroclastic-flow (PF) deposits on the southern slope. The obtained 14C dates are consistent with the geomorphology, stratigraphy, and thermoluminescence (TL) ages. The Handa PF deposits, which are products of the largest eruption of the group, were dated to ~53.5 ka BP. The Shirani and Muro PF deposits, which are block-and-ash flows, were dated to 44 to >50 cal ka BP and 35–39 cal ka BP, respectively. These ages can be correlated with TL ages for lava domes. This study demonstrates that the lava domes and associated PF deposits formed after the Handa eruption.

scholarly journals Chronostratigraphic Sequence of Santuario Della Madonna Cave (Calabria, Southern Italy): AMS Radiocarbon Data from a New Excavation Area

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Calcagnile ◽  
V Tinè ◽  
G Quarta ◽  
M D'Elia ◽  
G Fiorentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Radiocarbon Data ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Excavation Area

The Santuario della Madonna Cave, located near Praia a Mare (Cosenza), along the northwestern coast of Calabria (southern Italy), has an impressive stratigraphy, with occupation phases spanning from the late Paleolithic to the advanced phases of the Middle Bronze Age. Recently, a new excavation area has been opened in the cave from which shortlived vegetal remains were sampled and submitted for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating. The aim of this study was to define an accurate chronology of the different cultural aspects and to explore the potentialities resulting from application of advanced statistical tools for 14C data analysis in such a context.

scholarly journals 14C Wiggle-Matching of the B-Tm Tephra, Baitoushan Volcano, China/North Korea

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Yatsuzuka ◽  
Mitsuru Okuno ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Katsuhiko Kimura ◽  
Yohei Setoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Volcanic Gas ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Eruption Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Volcanic Gas Emission

We performed accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating and wiggle-matching of 2 wood samples from charred trunks of trees (samples A and B) collected from an ignimbrite deposit on the northeastern slope of the Baitoushan Volcano on the border of China and North Korea. The obtained calendar years for the eruption are cal AD 945–960 for sample A and cal AD 859–884 and cal AD 935–963 for sample B in the 2-σ range. These results are unable to determine the precise eruption age. The reason for the difference in reported ages may be due to volcanic gas emission prior to the huge eruption.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Tianma-Qucun Site in Shanxi, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyu Guo ◽  
Kexin Liu ◽  
Xiangyang Lu ◽  
Hongji Ma ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Western Zhou ◽  
Calibration Program

Tianma-Qucun is the biggest site of Western Zhou Dynasty discovered in Shanxi Province, China. It has been recognized as the early capital of Jin, a vassal state of Western Zhou. The territories were granted to the first Marquis of Jin with the title in the early days of Western Zhou. Bone sample series from the site were radiocarbon-dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and calibrated with the Oxford calibration program OxCal 3.5. Bayesian analysis of the calibrated ages shows that the earliest residents of the Western Zhou came to Tianma-Qucun area in 1020–940 BC and the lower boundary of the Western Zhou is 796–754 BC, which corresponds well to the historical record 770 BC.

scholarly journals A Simple Method to Separate Pollen for AMS Radiocarbon Dating and its Application to Lacustrine and Marine Sediments

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A Mensing ◽  
John R Southon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Sediment Reworking ◽  
Scientific Equipment ◽  
Ams Dating

We present a simple method for manually separating pollen concentrates for radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating using a mouth pipetting system. The required equipment is readily available from scientific equipment supply houses at minimal cost. Pollen samples from lake sediments required about 4 h of hand picking, whereas samples from marine sediments required about 8 h labor. Pollen dates from marine sediments were much older than expected. We are attempting to resolve whether this is due to contamination of the pollen or the presence of significant quantities of old reworked pollen. Pollen dates from lake sediments associated with Mazama Ash were consistent with other published ages; however, replicate dates on pollen samples from above the ash were consistently older than the surrounding sediment. Our results suggest that caution must be used when interpreting pollen dates if the potential for sediment reworking is present.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Wood Samples from the Angkor Monuments, Cambodia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Uchida ◽  
O Cunin ◽  
I Shimoda ◽  
Y Takubo ◽  
T Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating

In the Angkor monuments of Cambodia, pieces of wood remain (as head frames of doorways, crossbeams, ceiling boards, etc.) in the following 8 monuments: Bakong, Lolei, Baksei Chamkrong, North Khleang, Angkor Wat, Banteay Kdei, Bayon, and Gates of Angkor Thorn. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating carried out on 15 wood samples collected from the above 8 monuments revealed that most of the wood samples are original, except for the head frame of a doorway in Baksei Chamkrong, the ceiling boards in the northwest tower, and a crossbeam with pivot hole in the southwest tower of the Inner Gallery of Angkor Wat. The 14C age for the head frame of a doorway in the inner wall under the central tower of North Khleang supports the hypothesis that the inner walls are additions from a later period.

scholarly journals Performance Test of a New Graphite Target Production Facility in ATOMKI

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Rinyu ◽  
I Futó ◽  
Á Z Kiss ◽  
M Molnár ◽  
É Svingor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Production System ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
Graphite Target ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Target Production ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

We present our new graphite target production system, developed in the Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating measurements. The system consists of a gas handling line and a graphite target production system. Results of AMS measurements, stable isotope mass spectrometry measurements, and gravimetric/pressure yield determinations have been used to find the proper conditions for the graphitization process. We have also investigated the 14C contamination and the memory effect of the system during the graphitization processes. This paper covers the details of these experiments and a discussion of the results.

scholarly journals The Neolithic Site of Serra Cicora: Results of the AMS Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Quarta ◽  
M D'Elia ◽  
E Ingravallo ◽  
I Tiberi ◽  
L Calcagnile
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Neolithic Site ◽  
New Information ◽  
Definition Of

Bone and charcoal samples from the Neolithic site of Serra Cicora in the Salento Peninsula (southern Italy) have been dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Measurements appear to support other archaeological evidence and have shown that 2 distinct phases of human occupation of the site can be identified: the first occupation in the Early Neolithic and a second occupation in the Middle-Late Neolithic. The results provide new information and are a fundamental contribution to the definition of the absolute chronology of the Middle-Late Neolithic in this part of Europe.

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