AMS Radiocarbon Dates of Pyroclastic-Flow Deposits on the Southern Slope of the Kuju Volcanic Group, Kyushu, Japan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Okuno ◽  
Shinji Nagaoka ◽  
Yoko Saito-Kokubu ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Tetsuo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pyroclastic Flow ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Volcanic Group ◽  
Lava Domes ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe Kuju volcanic group, located in central Kyushu, Japan, consists of small stratovolcanoes and lava domes. To refine the eruptive history of the group, we conducted accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating of charcoal fragments from three pyroclastic-flow (PF) deposits on the southern slope. The obtained 14C dates are consistent with the geomorphology, stratigraphy, and thermoluminescence (TL) ages. The Handa PF deposits, which are products of the largest eruption of the group, were dated to ~53.5 ka BP. The Shirani and Muro PF deposits, which are block-and-ash flows, were dated to 44 to >50 cal ka BP and 35–39 cal ka BP, respectively. These ages can be correlated with TL ages for lava domes. This study demonstrates that the lava domes and associated PF deposits formed after the Handa eruption.

scholarly journals 14C Wiggle-Matching of the B-Tm Tephra, Baitoushan Volcano, China/North Korea

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Yatsuzuka ◽  
Mitsuru Okuno ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Katsuhiko Kimura ◽  
Yohei Setoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Volcanic Gas ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Eruption Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Volcanic Gas Emission

We performed accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating and wiggle-matching of 2 wood samples from charred trunks of trees (samples A and B) collected from an ignimbrite deposit on the northeastern slope of the Baitoushan Volcano on the border of China and North Korea. The obtained calendar years for the eruption are cal AD 945–960 for sample A and cal AD 859–884 and cal AD 935–963 for sample B in the 2-σ range. These results are unable to determine the precise eruption age. The reason for the difference in reported ages may be due to volcanic gas emission prior to the huge eruption.

scholarly journals A Protocol for Radiocarbon Dating Tropical Subfossil Cave Guano

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M Wurster ◽  
Michael I Bird ◽  
Ian Bull ◽  
Charlotte Bryant ◽  
Philippa Ascough
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Age Determinations

We present accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates on several organic fractions isolated from tropical guano deposits recovered from insular Southeast Asia. Differences were observed between 14C measurements made on bulk guano as well as bulk lipids, the saturated hydrocarbon fraction, solvent-extracted guano, and insect cuticles extracted from the same bulk sample. We infer that 14C dates from the bulk lipid fraction and saturated hydrocarbon fractions can be variably contaminated by exogenous carbon. In contrast, 14C measurements on solvent-extracted guano and isolated insect cuticles appear to yield the most robust age determinations.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Tianma-Qucun Site in Shanxi, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyu Guo ◽  
Kexin Liu ◽  
Xiangyang Lu ◽  
Hongji Ma ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Western Zhou ◽  
Calibration Program

Tianma-Qucun is the biggest site of Western Zhou Dynasty discovered in Shanxi Province, China. It has been recognized as the early capital of Jin, a vassal state of Western Zhou. The territories were granted to the first Marquis of Jin with the title in the early days of Western Zhou. Bone sample series from the site were radiocarbon-dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and calibrated with the Oxford calibration program OxCal 3.5. Bayesian analysis of the calibrated ages shows that the earliest residents of the Western Zhou came to Tianma-Qucun area in 1020–940 BC and the lower boundary of the Western Zhou is 796–754 BC, which corresponds well to the historical record 770 BC.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Wood Samples from the Angkor Monuments, Cambodia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Uchida ◽  
O Cunin ◽  
I Shimoda ◽  
Y Takubo ◽  
T Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating

In the Angkor monuments of Cambodia, pieces of wood remain (as head frames of doorways, crossbeams, ceiling boards, etc.) in the following 8 monuments: Bakong, Lolei, Baksei Chamkrong, North Khleang, Angkor Wat, Banteay Kdei, Bayon, and Gates of Angkor Thorn. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating carried out on 15 wood samples collected from the above 8 monuments revealed that most of the wood samples are original, except for the head frame of a doorway in Baksei Chamkrong, the ceiling boards in the northwest tower, and a crossbeam with pivot hole in the southwest tower of the Inner Gallery of Angkor Wat. The 14C age for the head frame of a doorway in the inner wall under the central tower of North Khleang supports the hypothesis that the inner walls are additions from a later period.

scholarly journals 14C/12C Variations of Samples Exposed in Air According to Carbon Structure and Air Temperature

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
J H Park ◽  
W Hong ◽  
G Park ◽  
K S Sung
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Graphite Sheet ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Carbon Structures

Various carbon structures, including carbon nanofilament (CNF), single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT), multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and pyrolytic graphite sheet (PGS), were exposed in air to determine how they vary according to carbon structure and air temperature. CNF is the carbon structure used in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating (Santos et al. 2007). When CNF and MWCNT were exposed in cold air (3 or −18 °C) for longer than 6 hr, their 14C/12C ratio increased (>5 × 10–14). When heated in an oven (200 or 250 °C) for longer than 12 hr, their 14C/12C ratio decreased. However, when SWCNT and PGS were exposed in air cooled to 3 °C for 12 hr, their 14C/12C ratio did not increase. This phenomenon is very curious, and is useful for the development of a storage method for carbon samples made by reduction reactions of CO2.

scholarly journals Fire History of a Giant African Baobab Evinced by Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 717-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Patrut ◽  
Diana H Mayne ◽  
Karl F von Reden ◽  
Daniel A Lowy ◽  
Robert van Pelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
History Of

The article reports the first radiocarbon dating of a live African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), by investigating wood samples collected from 2 inner cavities of the very large 2-stemmed Platland tree of South Africa. Some 16 segments extracted from determined positions of the samples, which correspond to a depth of up to 15–20 cm in the wood, were processed and analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Calibrated ages of segments are not correlated with their positions in the stems of the tree. Dating results indicate that the segments originate from new growth layers, with a thickness of several centimeters, which cover the original old wood. Four new growth layers were dated before the reference year AD 1950 and 2 layers were dated post-AD 1950, in the post-bomb period. Formation of these layers was triggered by major damage inside the cavities. Fire episodes are the only possible explanation for such successive major wounds over large areas or over the entire area of the inner cavities of the Platland tree, able to trigger regrowth.

scholarly journals Comparison of Manual and Automated Pretreatment Methods for AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Plant Fossils

Radiocarbon ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Ann Bradley ◽  
Thomas W. Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Sample Material ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Plant Fossils

A new automated pretreatment system for the preparation of materials submitted for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis is less time-consuming and results in a higher sample yield. The new procedure was tested using two groups of plant fossils: one group was pretreated using the traditional method, and the second, using the automated pretreatment apparatus. We compared the time it took to complete the procedure and the amount of sample material remaining. The automated pretreatment apparatus proved to be more than three times faster and, in most cases, produced a higher yield. We also observed a darker discoloration of the KOH solutions, indicating that the automated system is more thorough in removing humates from the specimen compared to the manual method.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of a Shell Fishhook from Santa Rosa Island, California

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben C Rick
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Santa Rosa Island

Several single-piece shell fishhooks from CA-SRI-43 on Santa Rosa Island were dated by association to roughly 5500 cal BP and were argued to be among the oldest specimens in the region. Direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating of one of these hooks provided a date of 560 cal BP, however, making it about 5000 yr younger than originally presumed. This younger date is more consistent with the regional shell fishhook chronology and demonstrates the importance of obtaining direct AMS 14C dates to refine artifact and site chronologies.

AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Preclassic Maya Burials at Cuello, Belize

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert A. Housley ◽  
Norman Hammond ◽  
Ian A. Law
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Preclassic Maya

The use of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on human bone from early Maya burials at Cuello, Belize provides direct dating of the Preclassic population, and assists resolution of the chronological problems discussed by Andrews and Hammond (1990).

The Copper Age Mound Necropolis in Salve, Lecce, Italy: Radiocarbon Dating Results on Charcoals, Bones, Cremated Bones, and Pottery

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 949-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Quarta ◽  
Ida Tiberi ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
Giorgia Aprile ◽  
Eugenia Braione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Funeral Practices ◽  
Pottery Sherds

Archaeological surface surveys carried out near Salve in southern Italy led to the identification of about 90 stone mounds spread over an area of about 100 ha. Systematic archaeological investigations allowed to identify the mounds as funeral structures with some having megalithic features. In the necropolis, both the inhumation and cremation rituals are evident, in some cases within the same mound. This article presents the results of an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating campaign carried out on different kinds of samples recovered from several structures: unburned and cremated bones, charcoals, and organic residues extracted from pottery sherds. The results allowed to assess the chronology of the site and to shed new light on the different funeral practices in Copper Age southern Italy.

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