Diphenyl diselenide and sodium selenite associated with chemotherapy in experimental toxoplasmosis: influence on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and cytokine modulation

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (13) ◽  
pp. 1761-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLEBER F. BARBOSA ◽  
ALEXANDRE A. TONIN ◽  
ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA ◽  
MARIA I. DE AZEVEDO ◽  
DANIELI U. MONTEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diphenyl Diselenide ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Cytokine Modulation ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (ST) supplemented with diphenyl diselenide and sodium selenite in experimental toxoplasmosis, on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and cytokine levels. Eighty-four BALB/c mice were divided in seven groups: group A (negative control), and groups B to G (infected). Blood and liver samples were collected on days 4 and 20 post infection (p.i.). Levels of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive substances and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were assessed in liver samples. Both biomarkers were significantly increased in infected groups on day 4 p.i., while they were reduced on day 20 p.i., compared with group A. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity significantly (P<0·01) increased on day 4 p.i., in group G, compared with group A. INF-γwas significantly increased (P<0·001) in both periods, day 4 (groups B, C, F and G) and 20 p.i. (groups C, F and G). IL-10 significantly reduced (P<0·001) on day 4 p.i. in group B; however, in the same period, it was increased (P<0·001) in groups C and G, compared with group A. On day 20 p.i., IL-10 increased (P<0·001) in groups F and G. Therefore, our results highlighted that these forms of selenium, associated with the chemotherapy, were able to reduce lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, providing a beneficial immunological balance between the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Assessment of Different Oxidative, Endocrinological and Biochemical Parameters using Catharanthus Roseus on Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 312-317
Author(s):  
Eshwa Dar ◽  
Abdul Rashid Shaikh ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Samar Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Stress Relieving ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The current study was planned to assess the different oxidative, Endocrinological and biochemical parameters using extract of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) on diabetic rats. Three groups of Diabetic rats were assigned viz. Group A have Negative Control which was fed basal diet; Group B have Positive Control and was non-supplemented; and Group C supplemented with C. roseus extract. The results showed that blood glucose level, ALT, TGs and urea concentration was elevated non-significantly (P>0.05), of Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus when compared with non-supplemented Group B animals. In Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus, AST, and Cholesterol results were decreased as showed by statistics analysis (non-significantly). When level of Blood cortisol was compared between Group C and B, there was increased in Group C, as per non-significant statistics measurements (P>0.05). It was observed that level of T4 and T3 hormones was decreased in Group C (supplemented by herbal extract) when compared with Group B. When catalase enzyme results were checked in animals comprised of Group A, B and C, it showed that rate of catalase increased, respectively. In conclusion, Catharanthus roseus restore the levels of thyroid hormones, and cholesterol; and elevate catalase enzyme activity in animals which produce stress relieving effect.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI AORTA TIKUS WISTAR YANG TERPAPAR ASAP ROKOK

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lapatta Nazlyza
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Foam Cell ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fatty Streak ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tunica Intima

Abstract: Cigarette smoking is one of the high risk factor of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis signed by plaque in artery and can caused constriction in the blood vessels. Atherosclerosis often occured in the blood vessels of the aortic. The purpose of these study is to see the histopatologic image of wistar rats aortic after being exposed by cigarrete smoke.          This experimental study conducted throughout 5months using 10 rats wistar devided into 3 groups. Group A as a negative control (2 rats). Group B are exposed by cigarette smoke as much 24 cigarettes for 20 days (4 rats). Group C exposed by cigarette smoke as much 20 cigarette per day for 30 days (4 rats). The rats has been autopsied at the last 20 and 30 days and then continue made histology preparation with HE staining. The examination result shows by the microscopic image of the group A wistar rats aortic are normal. Group B showed a layer of foam cells in the tunica intima media. Group C showed foam cells in the intima and the media have started to protrude into the lumen. As a conclusion the wistar rats that are exposed by cigarrete smoke during 20 to 30 days showed a fatty streak (foam cell) on tunica intima and media aortic as early lesions in the process of atherosclerosis. Keywords: atherosclerosis, cigarette.     Abstrak: Rokok merupakan salah satu faktor pencetus terjadinya aterosklerosis. Aterosklerosis ditandai oleh adanya plak di arteri yang dapat menyebabkan penyempitan pada pembuluh darah. Aterosklerosis sering terjadi pada pembuluh darah aorta. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk dapat melihat gambaran histopatologi aorta tikus wistar setelah dipapar dengan asap rokok. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan selama 5 bulan dengan menggunakan 10 ekor tikus wistar yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok A kontrol negatif (2 ekor). Kelompok B dipapari asap rokok sebanyak 24 batang perhari selama 20 hari (4 ekor). Kelompok C dipapari asap rokok sebanyak 24 batang perhari selama 30 hari (4ekor). Tikus diotopsi pada hari ke 20 dan 30 dan dibuat preparat histologi dengan pengecatan HE. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan gambaran mikroskopik aorta tikus wistar kelompok A normal. Kelompok B menunjukkan adanya sel busa pada lapisan tunika intima, sampai tunika media. Kelompok C menunjukkan sel busa pada tunika intima sampai media dan sudah mulai menonjol ke lumen. Simpulan: tikus wistar yang dipapari asap rokok selama 20 sampai 30 hari menunjukkan adanya fatty streak (selbusa) pada tunika intima dan media aorta sebagai lesi awal dalam proses aterosklerosis. Kata Kunci: aterosklerosis, rokok.

Cognitive function and fatigue in cancer patients after chemotherapy: A longitudinal cohort study in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9099-9099
Author(s):  
J. L. Vardy ◽  
S. Rourke ◽  
G. R. Pond ◽  
J. Galica ◽  
A. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

9099 Background: There is growing evidence that fatigue and cognitive dysfunction can affect cancer survivors. Here we evaluated these symptoms in patients with CRC in a longitudinal prospective study. Methods: Patients with localized CRC were evaluated for cognitive function and fatigue at baseline (mean 8 weeks post-surgery or before neoadjuvant therapy), 6 & 12 months. Group A (Stage III/high risk II) received chemotherapy (CT) and group B (Stage I/II) received no CT. Pts had neuropsychological (NP) assessment with traditional tests and CANTAB, a computerized NP battery. They completed concurrent questionnaires for fatigue & QOL (FACT-F), anxiety/depression (GHQ), and perception of cognitive function (FACT-COG). Blood tests evaluated cytokine levels, blood clotting factors, sex hormones and apolipoprotein genotyping as potential causal factors. Primary endpoints were cognitive function (traditional NP tests) and fatigue. Associations between test results, demographic and disease-related factors were sought. Results: Baseline data are available for 182 pts: 127 group A, and 55 group B, with follow-up at 6 and 12 months for 71 and 39 pts. Mean age was 57 years and 62% were male. At baseline (pre CT): 30% had cognitive impairment on traditional NP tests & 20% on CANTAB; 25% reported moderate fatigue and 10% extreme fatigue. At 6 months there was no significant difference on objective NP testing between the groups or in perceived cognitive impairment (median FACT- COG 82 vs 88, p=0.34). CT pts had more fatigue (median FACT-F 75 vs 91, p<0.001). At 12 months CT pts tend to have more cognitive impairment on traditional NP tests (26% vs 0%, p=.09), more perceived cognitive impairment (13.5% vs 0%, p=.57) & greater fatigue (16% vs 0%). Cytokine levels were elevated in all groups at all time points compared to healthy volunteers. There was a trend to higher cytokine levels with greater fatigue and worse cognitive impairment. Fatigue, QOL and anxiety and depression were highly correlated. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment is present in some pts prior to CT and there is a trend for CT pts to have worse cognitive impairment at 12 but not at 6 months. Fatigue is associated with CT. Cytokine levels remained elevated in all groups compared to healthy volunteers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Effect of sodium selenite on growth, insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins and insulin-like growth factor-I in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Grønbæk ◽  
J Frystyk ◽  
H Ørskov ◽  
A Flyvbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Selenium Treatment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group B ◽  
Igfbp 3

Abstract Selenium is an essential trace element although at higher doses it is also known to be a toxic agent causing a wide range of symptoms including growth retardation. In order to investigate the effect of sodium selenite on growth, insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), 30 male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups. Group A was treated with sodium selenite in the drinking water (3·3 mg selenium/l). Group B was ad libitum fed with free access to standard fodder and tap water and group C was pair fed relative to the selenium-treated rats. Serum IGF-I and IGFBPs were determined on days 0, 14 and at the end of the study on day 35. Selenium-treated rats had significantly lower body weights compared with group B rats on day 9 and group C rats on day 14 (P<0·05). Tibia length was measured at the end of the study and no difference was observed between groups B and C (3·77 ± 0·04 cm vs 3·60±0·02 cm); however, selenium-treated rats had significantly shorter tibia lengths (3·46±0·03 cm) compared with rats in groups B (P<0·001) and C (P<0·05). Selenium treatment induced a significant reduction in circulating IGF-I by the end of the study compared with ad libitum and pair fed rats (P<0·05). Serum subjected to Western ligand blots showed four distinct IGFBP bands with apparent relative molecular weights of 38–47 kDa (doublet) (IGFBP-3), 30 kDa (IGFBP-1 and/or IGFBP-2) and 24 kDa (IGFBP-4). At the end of the study a significant reduction in IGFBP-3 was observed in group A compared with groups B and C (P<0·05). Selenium treatment also caused a reduction in IGFBP-1 and/or IGFBP-2 compared with ad libitum fed rats; in addition, a reduction was observed in pair fed controls. In conclusion, sodium selenite treatment leads to growth retardation accompanied by reduced circulating levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and IGFBP-1 and/or IGFBP-2. The reduction in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 could not be attributed to reduced caloric intake but seems to be a specific action of selenium. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 145, 105–112

scholarly journals Amelioration of Sarcoptic Mange-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Dogs by Using Calendula officinalis Flower Extracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shanker K. Singh ◽  
Umesh Dimri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Sarcoptic Mange ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Group A ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Group B

Twenty-four clinically Sarcoptes-infested dogs were randomly enrolled into three groups (groups A, B, and C), 8 dogs in each group. Group A was treated with ivermectin + Calendula officinalis flower extract (CFE). Group B was treated with ivermectin + N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (standard positive controls), while group C (negative control) was treated with ivermectin alone. Another eight healthy dogs were used as healthy controls (group D). By day 28 after therapy, the dogs treated adjunctly with CFE as well as with N-acetyl cysteine revealed significant () amelioration of the altered markers of oxidative stress towards normalcy. The dogs of these groups also revealed significant () amelioration of apoptotic leukocytes towards normalcy, and values were comparable to those of the healthy controls. While by day 28 after therapy, ivermectin alone treated dogs could not achieve comparable values to those of the healthy controls. The dogs treated adjunctly with CFE and N-acetyl cysteine also revealed faster parasitological as well as clinical cure rate as compared to the ivermectin alone treated dogs. In conclusion, CFE has remarkable antioxidant and antiapoptotic potential and can constitute a potential adjunctive remedy with miticide for the therapeutic management of canine sarcoptic mange.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIK PAYUDARA MENCIT (Mus musculus) YANG DIINDUKSI BENZO(α)PYRENE DAN DIBERIKAN EKSTRAK KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka M. Nansi ◽  
Meilany F. Durry ◽  
Carla Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Turmeric Extract ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract: Breast cancer (Carcinoma mammae) is one of the most common cancers affecting women. The etiology of breast cancer is still unknown, however, there are several important risk factors linked to the occurence of breast cancer, as follows: genetic, hormonal, and environmental. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PHA) such as benzo(a)pyrene is a carcinogenic agent that can be found in the surrounding environment. It has been proven that benzo(a)pyrene can induce tumors in experimental animal models. Turmeric is a natural biocompound that is often used to treat cancer due to its curcumin contents. Curcumin interacts with a variety of genetic molecules that undergo mutation in cancer. This study aimed to determine the effects of turmeric extract administration on the hispathological features of the breast of mice induced with benzo(a)pyrene. This was an experimental study using 15 female mice weighing 20-30g divided into 3 groups. Group A (negative control) was given standard food for 28 days and terminated on day 29. Group B (treatment I), the breasts were induced with benzo(a)pyrene subcutaneously for 14 days and the mice were terminated on day 29. Group C (treatment II), the breasts were induced with benzo(a)pyrene for 14 days and the mice were given the tumeric extract on day 15-28 and then terminated on day 29. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin eosin. The results showed that Group A had normal microscopic features of breast tissues. Group B showed PMN inflammatory cells, thickening layer of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding the lactiferous ducts (>4 layers) as well as cells with coarse nucleus chromatin. Although mice in group C still presented the PMN inflammatory cells, their cuboidal epithelial layers were thinner than that of group B (2-3 layers) and the cells contained rough nucleus chromatin. Conclusion: The histopathological features of the breast of benzo(a)pyrene induced mice administered with turmeric extract showed fewer layers of cuboidal epithelial cells with rough nucleus chromatin of the lactiferous duct cells wall compared to those treated with benzo(a)pyrene without turmeric extract.Keywords: benzo(a)pyrene, turmeric, hyperplasia, breastAbstrak: Kanker payudara (Carcinoma mammae) dikenal sebagai salah satu kanker yang paling sering menyerang kaum wanita. Penyebab pasti kanker payudara belum diketahui, namun ada beberapa faktor risiko yang penting dalam terjadinya kanker payudara yaitu keturunan, hormonal dan lingkungan. Senyawa hidrokarbon poliaromatik (HPA) merupakan karsinogen yang dapat ditemukan dalam lingkungan sekitar, contohnya ialah benzo(α)pyrene. Telah terbukti bahwa benzo(α)pyrene dapat menyebabkan tumor pada setiap model hewan percobaan. Beberapa pengobatan kanker sering melibatkan kunyit karena kandungan kurkuminnya yang dapat berinteraksi dengan berbagai molekul genetik yang bermutasi pada 510Nansi, Durry, Kairupan: Gambaran histopatologik payudara...sel kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kunyit terhadap gambaran histopatologik payudara mencit yang diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik yang menggunakan mencit betina dengan berat 20-30g sebanyak 15 ekor, dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok A (kontrol negatif), mencit diberi pelet standard selama 28 hari dan diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Kelompok B (perlakuan I), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene secara subkutan selama 14 hari dan mencit diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Kelompok C (perlakuan II), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene selama 14 hari dan mencit diberi ekstrak kunyit pada hari ke- 15-28 kemudian diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Jaringan diwarnai dengan hematoksilin eosin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok A didapatkan gambaran mikroskopik jaringan payudara mencit yang normal. Pada kelompok B didapatkan adanya sel-sel radang PMN, penebalan lapisan sel epitel kuboid yang mengelilingi duktus laktiferi (>4 lapis) serta sel-sel dengan kromatin inti yang kasar, sedangkan pada kelompok C masih menunjukkan adanya sel-sel radang PMN, lapisan sel epitel kuboid yang tidak setebal pada kelompok B (2-3 lapis) serta kromatin inti sel yang kasar. Simpulan: Gambaran histopatologik payudara mencit yang diinduksi benzo(𝛼)pyrene kemudian diberikan ekstrak kunyit menunjukkan jumlah lapisan sel epitel kuboid dengan kromatin inti kasar pada dinding duktus laktiferi tampak lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan yang terlihat pada payudara mencit yang tidak diberikan ekstrak kunyit.Kata kunci: benzo(a)pyrene, kunyit, hiperplasia, payudara.

scholarly journals EFEK SEDUHAN TEH HIJAU (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI PAYUDARA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI BENZO(α)PYRENE

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten D. Tabaga ◽  
Meilany F. Durry ◽  
Carla Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract: Breast cancer is the second most common cause of deaths due to cancer in women after cervical cancer. The etiology of breast cancer includes genetic, hormonal, and enviromental factors. Benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds that has been proven to induce tumor in animal models. Green tea (Camellia sinensis), a kind of popular beverage, contains polyphenols which have anticarcinogenic effect. This study aimed to determine the effect of green tea on microscopic features of mice’s breasts induced with BaP. This was an experimental laboratory study. Samples were 15 mice divided into 3 groups: A, B, and C. Group A (negative control) mice received no treatment for 28 days. Group B (treatment 1), mice’s breasts were induced with BaP 0.3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days. Group C (treatment 2), mice’s breasts were induced with BaP 0,3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days then those mice were given green tea 0.24 ml/head/day for the next 14 days. All mice were terminated on day 29. The microscopic results were as follow: Group A had normal microscopic features of breast tissues; Group B showed PMN cells, thickening of cuboidal epithelial cell layers lining the lactiferous ducts (more than 4 layers) as well as cells with coarse chromatin. Group C had PMN cells, 2-3 layers of cuboidal epithelial cells lining the lactiferous ducts as well as cells with coarse chromatin. Conclusion: Mice induced with benzo(α)pyrene followed by administration of green tea showed fewer layers of cuboidal epithelial cells lining the lactiferous ducts than the others without administration of green tea.Keywords: benzo(α)pyrene, green tea, hyperplasia, breastAbstrak: Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab kematian kedua pada perempuan setelah kanker serviks. Penyebab kanker payudara meliputi faktor genetik, hormonal, dan lingkungan. Benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) ialah salah satu seyawa Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) yang telah terbukti dapat menyebabkan tumor pada hewan percobaan. Teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) merupakan salah satu minuman yang mengandung polifenol dengan sifat antikarsinogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek seduhan teh hijau terhadap gambaran mikroskopik payudara mencit yang diinduksi BaP. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik. Sampel 15 ekor mencit yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok: A. B. Dan C. Kelompok A (kontrol negatif), mencit tidak diberi perlakuan selama 28 hari. Kelompok B (perlakuan 1), payudara mencit diinduksi BaP 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari. Kelompok C (perlakuan 2), payudara mencit diinduksi BaP 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari kemudian mencit diberikan seduhan teh hijau 0,24 ml/ekor/hari selama 14 hari (hari ke-15 sampai 28). Semua mencit diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik ialah sebagai berikut: Pada kelompok A didapatkan gambaran mikroskopik jaringan payudara mencit yang normal; Pada kelompok B didapatkan adanya sel-sel PMN, penebalan lapisan sel epitel kuboid yang melapisi duktus laktiferi (>4 lapis), serta sel-sel dengan kromatin inti kasar. Pada kelompok C didapatkan adanya sel-sel PMN, 2-3 lapis sel epitel kuboid yang melapisi duktus laktiferi serta sel-sel dengan kromatin inti kasar. Simpulan: Mencit yang diinduksi dengan benzo(α)pyrene diikuti pemberian seduhan teh hijau memperlihatkan lapisan epitel kuboid dari duktus laktiferi yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan mencit tanpa pemberian teh hijau.Kata kunci: Benzo(α)pyrene, teh hijau, payudara, hiperplasia

Oxidative stress and changes in adenosine deaminase activity of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA ◽  
MATHEUS D. BALDISSERA ◽  
NATHIELI B. BOTTARI ◽  
MATHEUS E. GABRIEL ◽  
LEANDRO A. RHODEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase Activity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in serum and liver and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. The group A consisted of five healthy animals (uninfected), and the group B was composed of five animals orally infected with 200 metacercariae of F. hepatica. On days 20, 40, 60 and 80 post-infection (PI) serum was collected to measure oxidative stress variables. On day 100 PI, animals were humanely euthanized and liver samples were collected. Infected animals showed lower (P < 0·05) seric ADA activities on days 40 and 60 PI but higher (P < 0·05) in the liver tissue compared with uninfected animals. Seric and hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher (P < 0·05) in infected compared with uninfected animals. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were higher (P < 0·05) in infected animals. Catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities were lower in liver tissue of infected animals, while glutathione peroxidase was higher compared with uninfected (P < 0·05). In summary, we conclude that oxidative stress occurs in cattle experimentally infected by F. hepatica, mainly due to excessive ROS production in the course of fasciolosis, contributing to hepatic damage, and that increased in hepatic ADA activity may contribute to the inflammatory process.

Evaluation of the effect of selenium on radiation-induced toxicities in head neck cancer patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20698-e20698
Author(s):  
J. Buentzel ◽  
O. Micke ◽  
M. Glatzel ◽  
F. Bruns ◽  
K. Kisters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Head Neck Cancer ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Selenium Substitution ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Head Neck

e20698 Background: The substitution of selenium effects in activation of the selenium dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase which is important for scavenging free radicals. Until today only limited data are available about the clinical impact of selenium regarding the toxicities due to free radical producing therapies, e.g. irradiation or chemotherapy. Methods: 39 patients (8 female, 31 male) with advanced head neck cancer were included to a randomized phase II study. All patients had shown a reduced concentration of selenium in the blood and serum (main inclusion criterium). The mean age was 63.52 ± 9.31 years. Tumour localizations: oral cancer 15 patients, oropharynx 19 patients, hypopharynx 5 patients, CUP 1 patient. Group A (n=22) received 500 μg sodium selenite at the days of radiotherapy and 300 μg sodium selenite at holidays or weekend. Group B (17) was irradiated without any selenium substitution. Both groups were well balanced according age, gender, localization and stage of the tumour. We evaluated the RTOG grade of radiation-associated toxicities once per week. Following statistical methods were used: Mantel-Haenssel-χ2-test, Fisher's exact Test. SPSS. Results: We observed the following serious toxicities (group A versus group B): dysphagia 22.7% vs. 35.3%, loss of taste 22.7% vs. 47.1%, dry mouth 22.7% vs. 23.5%, and stomatitis 36.4% vs. 23.5%. A statistical trend (Fisher's exact test) is only seen in the area of loss of taste (p=0.172). The analysis per week had only shown a significant reduction of dysphagia in the selenium group at the last week of irradiation (p=0.04). Conclusions: The small randomized trial has shown limited effects of selenium in the prevention of ageusia (loss of taste) and dysphagia due to radiotherapy because of head and neck cancer. A clinical relevant radioprotection was not observed. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COADMINISTRATION OF AMODIAQUINE, ARTESUNATE, AND SELENIUM ON PLASMODIUM BERGHEI INFECTED MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo ◽  
Gloria Nwabugwu Okenze ◽  
Omolara Faith Yakubu ◽  
Mobolaji Emmanuel Abikoye
Keyword(s):  
Degenerative Change ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Group D ◽  
Histopathological Effects

Objective: The effect of coadministering artesunate (ART), amodiaquine (AMO), and selenium were studied on mice induced with Plasmodium berghei.Methods: The study was conducted using 6 groups of 6 male mice each. Group A constitutes the negative control (unparasitized) while Group B represents the parasite control (parasitized) group. Mice in Groups C, D, E and F, respectively, received 2 mg/kg bw of ART, 6.12 mg/kg bw of AMO, combination of AMO and ART, and 0.945 mg/kg bw of selenium in addition to ART and AMO for 3 days. Thereafter, animals were anesthetized, and the organs were excised. Liver homogenate was prepared and used for analysis of for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein (TP), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde).Results: The results showed no significant alteration in AST and ALT, but ALP was significantly (p<0.05) increased in Group D. In addition, a significant drop (p<0.05) in GSH and SOD activities and significant (p<0.05) increase in TP was observed in group E. Histopathological studies revealed no degenerative change in the morphology of the hepatocytes of mice in Group F whereas Groups D and E showed mild inflammatory cells.Conclusion: Conclusively, the combination of ART-AMO therapy with selenium increases the efficacy and reduces potential toxicity of combined antimalarial drugs.

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