scholarly journals EFEK SEDUHAN TEH HIJAU (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI PAYUDARA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI BENZO(α)PYRENE

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten D. Tabaga ◽  
Meilany F. Durry ◽  
Carla Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract: Breast cancer is the second most common cause of deaths due to cancer in women after cervical cancer. The etiology of breast cancer includes genetic, hormonal, and enviromental factors. Benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds that has been proven to induce tumor in animal models. Green tea (Camellia sinensis), a kind of popular beverage, contains polyphenols which have anticarcinogenic effect. This study aimed to determine the effect of green tea on microscopic features of mice’s breasts induced with BaP. This was an experimental laboratory study. Samples were 15 mice divided into 3 groups: A, B, and C. Group A (negative control) mice received no treatment for 28 days. Group B (treatment 1), mice’s breasts were induced with BaP 0.3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days. Group C (treatment 2), mice’s breasts were induced with BaP 0,3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days then those mice were given green tea 0.24 ml/head/day for the next 14 days. All mice were terminated on day 29. The microscopic results were as follow: Group A had normal microscopic features of breast tissues; Group B showed PMN cells, thickening of cuboidal epithelial cell layers lining the lactiferous ducts (more than 4 layers) as well as cells with coarse chromatin. Group C had PMN cells, 2-3 layers of cuboidal epithelial cells lining the lactiferous ducts as well as cells with coarse chromatin. Conclusion: Mice induced with benzo(α)pyrene followed by administration of green tea showed fewer layers of cuboidal epithelial cells lining the lactiferous ducts than the others without administration of green tea.Keywords: benzo(α)pyrene, green tea, hyperplasia, breastAbstrak: Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab kematian kedua pada perempuan setelah kanker serviks. Penyebab kanker payudara meliputi faktor genetik, hormonal, dan lingkungan. Benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) ialah salah satu seyawa Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) yang telah terbukti dapat menyebabkan tumor pada hewan percobaan. Teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) merupakan salah satu minuman yang mengandung polifenol dengan sifat antikarsinogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek seduhan teh hijau terhadap gambaran mikroskopik payudara mencit yang diinduksi BaP. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik. Sampel 15 ekor mencit yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok: A. B. Dan C. Kelompok A (kontrol negatif), mencit tidak diberi perlakuan selama 28 hari. Kelompok B (perlakuan 1), payudara mencit diinduksi BaP 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari. Kelompok C (perlakuan 2), payudara mencit diinduksi BaP 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari kemudian mencit diberikan seduhan teh hijau 0,24 ml/ekor/hari selama 14 hari (hari ke-15 sampai 28). Semua mencit diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik ialah sebagai berikut: Pada kelompok A didapatkan gambaran mikroskopik jaringan payudara mencit yang normal; Pada kelompok B didapatkan adanya sel-sel PMN, penebalan lapisan sel epitel kuboid yang melapisi duktus laktiferi (>4 lapis), serta sel-sel dengan kromatin inti kasar. Pada kelompok C didapatkan adanya sel-sel PMN, 2-3 lapis sel epitel kuboid yang melapisi duktus laktiferi serta sel-sel dengan kromatin inti kasar. Simpulan: Mencit yang diinduksi dengan benzo(α)pyrene diikuti pemberian seduhan teh hijau memperlihatkan lapisan epitel kuboid dari duktus laktiferi yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan mencit tanpa pemberian teh hijau.Kata kunci: Benzo(α)pyrene, teh hijau, payudara, hiperplasia

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIK PAYUDARA MENCIT (Mus musculus) YANG DIINDUKSI BENZO(α)PYRENE DAN DIBERIKAN EKSTRAK KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka M. Nansi ◽  
Meilany F. Durry ◽  
Carla Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Turmeric Extract ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract: Breast cancer (Carcinoma mammae) is one of the most common cancers affecting women. The etiology of breast cancer is still unknown, however, there are several important risk factors linked to the occurence of breast cancer, as follows: genetic, hormonal, and environmental. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PHA) such as benzo(a)pyrene is a carcinogenic agent that can be found in the surrounding environment. It has been proven that benzo(a)pyrene can induce tumors in experimental animal models. Turmeric is a natural biocompound that is often used to treat cancer due to its curcumin contents. Curcumin interacts with a variety of genetic molecules that undergo mutation in cancer. This study aimed to determine the effects of turmeric extract administration on the hispathological features of the breast of mice induced with benzo(a)pyrene. This was an experimental study using 15 female mice weighing 20-30g divided into 3 groups. Group A (negative control) was given standard food for 28 days and terminated on day 29. Group B (treatment I), the breasts were induced with benzo(a)pyrene subcutaneously for 14 days and the mice were terminated on day 29. Group C (treatment II), the breasts were induced with benzo(a)pyrene for 14 days and the mice were given the tumeric extract on day 15-28 and then terminated on day 29. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin eosin. The results showed that Group A had normal microscopic features of breast tissues. Group B showed PMN inflammatory cells, thickening layer of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding the lactiferous ducts (>4 layers) as well as cells with coarse nucleus chromatin. Although mice in group C still presented the PMN inflammatory cells, their cuboidal epithelial layers were thinner than that of group B (2-3 layers) and the cells contained rough nucleus chromatin. Conclusion: The histopathological features of the breast of benzo(a)pyrene induced mice administered with turmeric extract showed fewer layers of cuboidal epithelial cells with rough nucleus chromatin of the lactiferous duct cells wall compared to those treated with benzo(a)pyrene without turmeric extract.Keywords: benzo(a)pyrene, turmeric, hyperplasia, breastAbstrak: Kanker payudara (Carcinoma mammae) dikenal sebagai salah satu kanker yang paling sering menyerang kaum wanita. Penyebab pasti kanker payudara belum diketahui, namun ada beberapa faktor risiko yang penting dalam terjadinya kanker payudara yaitu keturunan, hormonal dan lingkungan. Senyawa hidrokarbon poliaromatik (HPA) merupakan karsinogen yang dapat ditemukan dalam lingkungan sekitar, contohnya ialah benzo(α)pyrene. Telah terbukti bahwa benzo(α)pyrene dapat menyebabkan tumor pada setiap model hewan percobaan. Beberapa pengobatan kanker sering melibatkan kunyit karena kandungan kurkuminnya yang dapat berinteraksi dengan berbagai molekul genetik yang bermutasi pada 510Nansi, Durry, Kairupan: Gambaran histopatologik payudara...sel kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kunyit terhadap gambaran histopatologik payudara mencit yang diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik yang menggunakan mencit betina dengan berat 20-30g sebanyak 15 ekor, dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok A (kontrol negatif), mencit diberi pelet standard selama 28 hari dan diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Kelompok B (perlakuan I), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene secara subkutan selama 14 hari dan mencit diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Kelompok C (perlakuan II), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene selama 14 hari dan mencit diberi ekstrak kunyit pada hari ke- 15-28 kemudian diterminasi pada hari ke-29. Jaringan diwarnai dengan hematoksilin eosin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok A didapatkan gambaran mikroskopik jaringan payudara mencit yang normal. Pada kelompok B didapatkan adanya sel-sel radang PMN, penebalan lapisan sel epitel kuboid yang mengelilingi duktus laktiferi (>4 lapis) serta sel-sel dengan kromatin inti yang kasar, sedangkan pada kelompok C masih menunjukkan adanya sel-sel radang PMN, lapisan sel epitel kuboid yang tidak setebal pada kelompok B (2-3 lapis) serta kromatin inti sel yang kasar. Simpulan: Gambaran histopatologik payudara mencit yang diinduksi benzo(𝛼)pyrene kemudian diberikan ekstrak kunyit menunjukkan jumlah lapisan sel epitel kuboid dengan kromatin inti kasar pada dinding duktus laktiferi tampak lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan yang terlihat pada payudara mencit yang tidak diberikan ekstrak kunyit.Kata kunci: benzo(a)pyrene, kunyit, hiperplasia, payudara.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPALOGIK PAYUDARA MENCIT (MUS MUSCULLUS) YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN SENYAWA KARSINOGENIK BENZO(Α)PYRENE DAN DIBERIKAN EKSTRAK BUAH MENGKUDU (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nindy P. Husain ◽  
Carla F. Kairupan ◽  
Meilany F. Durry
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Microscopic Features

Abstract: Breast cancer has the highest incidence of all cancers in women worldwide. Its etiology is still unknown, however, there are several risk factors considered as the primary contributors to the occurrence of breast cancer including life style, reproduction, genetic mutation, and hormonal inbalance. Benzo(α)pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound (PAH), is known as a carcinogenic agent that can cause genetic mutations. Noni (Morinda citrifolia L) can be used as a natural medicine because it contains active compounds such as anti-microbial (antrhaquinone), anti-cancer (damnacanthal), proxeronin, alkaloids, minerals, vitamins, and some essential amino acids. This study aimed to determine the differences between the histopathologic features of the breasts of female mice administered and not administered with noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L) after induction with benzo(α)pyren. This was an experimental study. There were 16 female mice approximately ± 2 months old with body weight approximately 20 gr divided into 4 groups: 1) Negative control, without any treatment for 28 days and mice were terminated on day 29. (2) Treatment I, breasts were injected with benzo(α)pyrene 0.3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days and mice were terminated on day 29; 3) Treatment II, breasts were injected with benzo(α)pyrene 0,3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days and mice were administered with noni fruit extract 0.5 mg/head/day on days 15-35 and mice were terminated on day 36; and 4) Treatment III, breasts were injected with benzo(α)pyrene 0,3 mg/head/day subcutaneously for 14 days and mice were administered with noni fruit extract 1.5 mg/head/day on day 15-35 and then were terminated on day 36. The results showed that the negative control group showed normal microscopic features of breast tissues. Treatment I group presented hyperplasia of the columnar epithelial cells lining the lactiferous ducts (> 4 layers) as well as cells with coarse nucleus chromatin and inflammatory cells. Treatment II and treatment III groups still presented hyperplasia of the columnar epithelial cells in milder manifestation than that of treatment I group (< 4 layers). Conclusion: Microscopic features of mice breasts induced with benzo(α)pyrene showed hyperplasia of the columnar epithelial cells of lactiferous ducts (>4 layers) while those of the mice administered with noni fruit extract after being induced with benzo(α)pyrene showed milder hyperplasia of the columnar epithelial cells (<4 layers).Keywords: Benzo(α)pyren, noni, hyperplasia, breast.Abstrak: Kanker payudara merupakan jenis kanker dengan insidensi terbanyak dari semua jenis kanker pada perempuan di seluruh dunia. Penyebab kanker payudara masih belum diketahui, namun ada beberapa faktor yang merupakan kontributor utama dalam pertumbuhan kanker, diantaranya gaya hidup, reproduksi, faktor genetik, dan ketidakseimbangan hormonal. Benzo(α)pyrene merupakan senyawa polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon (PAH) yang bersifat karsinogenik dan dapat menyebabkan mutasi genetik. Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L) dapat digunakan sebagai obat alami karena mengandung senyawa-senyawa aktif berupa anti mikroba (antrhaquinone), anti kanker (damnacanthal), proxeronin, alkaloid, mineral, vitamin dan beberapa asam amino esensial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan gambaran histopatologik antara payudara mencit betina yang diberi dan tidak diberi ekstrak buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L) setelah diinduksi dengan benzo(α)pyren. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik. Hewan uji ialah 16 ekor mencit betina berumur ± 2 bulan dengan berat badan 20 gr yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: 1) Kelompok kontrol negatif (KN), mencit tidak diberi perlakuan selama 28 hari dan diterminasi hari ke-29; 2) Kelompok perlakuan I (KP-I), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari dan diterminasi hari ke-29; 3) Kelompok perlakuan II (KP-II), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari dan mencit diberi ekstrak buah mengkudu 0,5 mg/ekor/hari pada hari ke 15-35 dan diterminasi hari ke-36; dan 4) Kelompok perlakuan III (KP-III), payudara mencit diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene 0,3 mg/ekor/hari secara subkutan selama 14 hari dan mencit diberi ekstrak buah mengkudu 1,5 mg/ekor/hari pada hari ke 15-35 dan diterminasi hari ke-36. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada KN didapatkan gambaran mikroskopik jaringan payudara mencit yang normal. Pada KP-I didapatkan hiperplasia sel epitel kolumnar duktus laktiferi payudara (>4 lapis sel) dengan kromatin inti kasar dan berwarna ungu gelap, serta adanya sel-sel radang di jaringan ikat. Pada KP-II dan III masih didapatkan hiperplasia sel epitel kolumnar duktus laktiferi namun lebih ringan dari KP-I (<4 lapis sel). Simpulan: Gambaran mikroskopik payudara mencit yang diinduksi benzo(α)pyrene menunjukkan adanya hiperplasia sel epitel kolumnar duktus laktiferi (> 4 lapis) sedangkan payudara mencit-mencit yang diberikan ekstrak buah mengkudu setelah diinduksi dengan benzo(α)pyrene menunjukkan hiperplasia sel epitel yang lebih ringan (< 4 lapis).Kata kunci: benzo(α)pyren, mengkudu, hiperplasia, payudara

scholarly journals Prospective study of hair recovery after (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy with scalp cooling in Japanese breast cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shozo Ohsumi ◽  
Sachiko Kiyoto ◽  
Mina Takahashi ◽  
Seiki Takashima ◽  
Kenjiro Aogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Scalp Cooling ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Chemotherapy Infusion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Neo Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose Scalp cooling during chemotherapy infusion to mitigate alopecia for breast cancer patients is becoming widespread; however, studies regarding hair recovery after chemotherapy with scalp cooling are limited. We conducted a prospective study of hair recovery after chemotherapy with scalp cooling. Patients and methods One hundred and seventeen Japanese female breast cancer patients who completed planned (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy using the Paxman Scalp Cooling System for alopecia prevention were evaluated for alopecia prevention in our prospective study. We evaluated their hair recovery 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13 months after chemotherapy. Primary outcomes were grades of alopecia judged by two investigators (objective grades) and patients’ answers to the questionnaire regarding the use of a wig or hat (subjective grades). Results Of 117 patients, 75 completed scalp cooling during the planned chemotherapy cycles (Group A), but 42 discontinued it mostly after the first cycle (Group B). Objective and subjective grades were significantly better in Group A than in Group B throughout 1 year, and at 4 and 7 months after chemotherapy. When we restricted patients to those with objective Grade 3 (hair loss of > 50%) at 1 month, Group A exhibited slightly faster hair recovery based on the objective grades than Group B. There was less persistent alopecia in Group A than in Group B. Conclusions Scalp cooling during chemotherapy infusion for Japanese breast cancer patients increased the rate of hair recovery and had preventive effects against persistent alopecia.

Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Systems: Implant Depth-based Complications in Breast Cancer Therapy - A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Chen ◽  
Narasimha M. Beeraka ◽  
Yuanting Gu ◽  
Jingruo Li ◽  
Mikhail Sinelnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Access Port ◽  
Group A ◽  
Venous Access Port ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: Totally implantable venous access port system (TIVAPS) is widely used in breast cancer therapy; TIVAPS has several associated complications depending on the depth of implantation in breast cancer (BC) patients during continuous infusional chemotherapy regimens. The purpose of this study is to find out the optimal depth of TIVAPS implantation to reduce the incidence of complications during infusional chemotherapy. Methods: This study reviewed the depth TIVAPS implantation in the internal jugular vein in 1282 breast cancer patients over a ten-year period (2009-2019), and associated complications. We segregated the patients as 5 groups: ‘Group A (depth < 4 mm), Group B (depth of 4-8 mm), Group C (depth of 8-12 mm), and Group D (depth of 12-16 mm), and Group E (depth of > 16 mm)’. Consequently, the ‘internal complications’ such as infection, venous thrombotic syndrome, catheter folding & migration, extravasation, whereas the ‘external complications’ viz., inflammation, local hematoma, local cutaneous reactions, and port exteriorization were significantly analyzed during TIVAPS implantation at different depths in BC patients. Results: Overall incidence of ‘internal complications’ such as infections, venous thrombotic syndrome, catheter folding & migration, and extravasation was comparatively lesser in Group C (8-12 mm) than Group A, Group B, Group D, and Group E, respectively. Mainly, the external complications such as inflammation Group C (8-12 mm) (p<0.01) were lesser (6.8%, 3/44 cases) than Group A, Group B, Group D, Group E. On a similar note, the local hematoma, and local cutaneous reaction, and port exteriorization were observed as ‘5% (1/20 cases), 4.2% (2/47 cases), and (3.2%, 1/31 cases)’ in Group C patients (p<0.01), which were comparatively lesser than the other groups. Conclusion: Subcutaneous implantation of TIVAPS at a depth of 8-12 mm could be preferred due to the lowest incidence of internal and external complications compared to the incidence of these complications in other groups; this depth could be referred to as the safe and convenient implantation depth for the effective delivery of chemotherapy regimen in BC patients without difficulty in transcutaneous access to the port.

Comprehensive Nursing can Relieve the Negative Emotions of Patients undergoing Breast Cancer Resection and Reduce Postoperative

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4234-4243
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Lv ◽  
Lihua Wang ◽  
Yan Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Nursing Quality

To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on adverse emotions and postoperative complications of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy. Altogether 180 patients who received treatment in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2019 were selected as the research participants and divided into group A and group B. Among them, 100 cases in group A received comprehensive nursing, 80 cases in group B received routine nursing. The surgical indications, upper limb function, serum NGF, TK1 and CA15-3 expression level, VAS score, SAS, SDS score, quality of life SF-36 score were detected, and the incidence rate of postoperative complications and nursing quality score were compared. Compared with group B, group A had less postoperative bed time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, better recovery of upper limb function, lower expression levels of serum NGF, TK1 and CA15-3, lower VAS score, SAS and SDS score, higher quality of life SF-36 score, lower incidence of postoperative complications and higher nursing quality score. Comprehensive nursing can relieve the negative emotions of patients undergoing breast cancer resection and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Aesthetic outcome and patient’s quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy with or without immediate reconstruction.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12587-e12587
Author(s):  
Sidra Afzal ◽  
Asad Parvaiz ◽  
Nida Javed
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Immediate Reconstruction ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

e12587 Background: : Although post mastectomy Immediate breast reconstruction has shown to improve physical and psychosocial well-being of breast cancer patients, this is not a usual procedure in Pakistan due to limited resources and lack of awareness. The aim of our study is to evaluate patient’s satisfaction/ aesthetic outcomes between the patients undergoing mastectomy alone (Group A) and the ones undergoing mastectomy followed by immediate reconstruction (Group B). Methods: This is a prospective study conducted at Shaukat Khanum Hospital Pakistan comparing aesthetic outcome, patient’s satisfaction and Quality of life between two groups using Breast Q module. All patients undergoing mastectomy with and without reconstruction between April 2017 to July 2019 are included. Sample size of 84 was calculated (42 in each group). Results: The mean Q score of satisfaction with the breast in group B is 82.64 and in group A is 35.82 (P = 0.001). The mean Q score of Psychosocial well-being in group B is 89 vs 44.95 in group A (P = 0.001). The mean Q score of Physical well-being in group B is 98.23 vs 90.41 in group A (P = 0.002). The mean Q score of sexual well-being in group B is 81.93 vs 43 in Group A (P = 0.001). [Mean difference in score of 5-10 - little change, 10-20 - moderate change, > 20 - significant change].The mean difference between two groups in satisfaction with breast , psychosocial well-being and sexual well-being is more than 20 with a statistically significant p-value, while in physical well-being the mean difference is 7.8 which falls in little change group. Conclusions: Our study shows that reconstruction helps breast cancer patients in providing comprehensive care in a manner that they achieve a higher satisfaction with their appearance, psychological and sexual well-being without compromising oncological safety and this should be practiced more in our country. Also patients education about these procedures should be raised to help them fighting against this disease

scholarly journals ARE CD44+/CD24– CELLS THE ASSUMED CANCER STEM CELLS IN BREAST CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Ryspayeva ◽  
I I Smolanka ◽  
A S Dudnichenko ◽  
A A Lyashenko ◽  
Yu A Grinevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Identification and characterization of the population of cancer stem cells (CSC) depends on several cellular markers, which combination is specific for the phenotype of CSC in the corresponding tumor. Several markers of CSC have already been identified in breast cancer (BC), but there are no universal indicators that could specifically identify the CSC in BC. Aims: To determine the validation of the CSC model for cell surface markers such as CD44 and CD24 and their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: Primary tumor samples of 45 patients with invasive BC without chemotherapy prior to surgery exposure were examined in paraffin blocks. CD44 and CD24 antigens expression was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells using different chromogens and the MultiVision detection system by immunohistochemical method. In this research the evaluation was determined by the following criteria: (-), negative — expression in < 10% of tumor cells; (+), positive — expression in ≥10% of cells. The same scoring system was applied for the expression of CD44+/CD24−. Results: 62.2% of investigated patients are patients older than 50 years and most of them with stage II of disease (71.0%) and luminal tumor subtypes (68.9%). We analysed the expression of CD44, CD24 and CD44+/CD24− for different patients with dividing them into two groups. The group A consists of patients with unfavorable prognosis (relapses and metastases have occurred in the first three years after diagnosis), and the group B — with a favourable prognosis (the development of metastases after three years). Median disease-free survival in the group A is 19 months, in the group B — 46 months. The difference between the overall survival (OS) curves in the groups A and B is statistically significant (p < 0.001), the risk of death was higher in the group A (hazard ratio (HR) 5.9; confidence interval (CI) 2.3–15.2). The content of CD44 cells did not differ statistically between groups A and B (p = 0.18), but there was a tendency for increasing in OS with the existence of CD44+ cells (p = 0.056). The distribution of the expression of CD24 marker did not differ between the groups (p = 0.36) as well as the OS curves (p = 0.59). Analysis of the expression of CD44+/CD24− which were considered as possible CSC, revealed a paradoxical increase (p = 0.03) of the frequency in patients of the group B (40.9%) compared to the group A (8.7%). Nevertheless, the comparison of the clinical outcomes did not reveal a statistically significant difference in the survival curves in the groups with existence and absence of CD44+/CD24– expression (p = 0.08). The analysis showed the increasing of the risk of worse clinical outcomes in the cases of expression absence of CD44+/CD24− (HR 2.8; CI 1.1–6.8). Conclusions: As a result of our research, the analysis of the quantity of assumed stem cells of the BC, which were identified by immunohistochemistry as CD44 and CD24 cells, failed to detect a statistically significant relation between groups of patients with different prognosis, and the identification of their expression is not enough for the characteristics of CSC. The obtained data demonstrating the worst clinical outcome in the cases of absence of CD44+/CD24− expression apparently require further investigations and the validation of the immunohistochemical method with the determination of the cut-off line in defining of CD44 and CD24 status.

Single-Port Endoscopic Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Combined with Indocyanine Green and Carbon Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Han Wang ◽  
Tian-Ran Gang ◽  
Shan-Shan Wu ◽  
Can Lu ◽  
Guo Xuan-Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Single Port ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Node Biopsy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract PurposeIndocyanine green (ICG) is an efficient tracer method used in sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The application of single-port endoscopic-assisted technology in the field of breast cancer is widely accepted. In order to explore the surgical safety of single-port endoscopic-SLNB (SPE-SLNB) and the reliability of axillary staging, we combined it with ICG that was excited by near-infrared fluorescence endoscopy and carbon nanoparticles (CN) as a tracer and compared this method to conventional open SLNB (C-SLNB).MethodsSixty patients with early breast cancer were recruited and divided into three groups. Twenty patients who underwent SPE-SLNB combined with ICG and CNs were placed in group A. Twenty patients who underwent SPE-SLNB with CNs only were placed in group B. Twenty patients who underwent C-SLNB with ICG and CNs were placed in group C.ResultsThe detection rate of SLNs was 100% in group A, 100% in group B, and 95% in group C. In total, 97 SLNs were detected in group A, 65 SLNs were detected in group B, and 98 SLNs were detected in group C . ConclusionThe novel technique of combining ICG and CNs with SPE-SLNB and the utilization of the endoscopic fluorescence imaging system achieved the same detection rate and mean number of SLNs as C-SLNB. Therefore, for patients who meet the indications, SPE-SLNB is as safe and reliable as C-SLNB.

scholarly journals Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Long Evans Rat - An Experimental Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Rama Saha ◽  
SAR Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Tubule ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Group A ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Plan

Context: Gentamicin is an antibiotic used in gram-negative infection. It is an nephrotoxic agent. Proximal tubular epithelial cells are selectively sensitive to gentamicin. Objective: To observe the toxic effect of gentamicin on epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubule in Long Evans rats. Study design: An experimental study. Plan and period of study: The study was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology of IPGMR Dhaka during the period of 1995 to 1996. Materials and methods: Eighteen mature long Evans rats were divided into three groups A, B & C. The rats of group A were treated with vehicle and group B and C were treated with gentamicin 50gm and 100gm respectively. Blood urea and serum creatinine were measured and microscopic damaged cells were counted. Result: There was significant increase in serum creatinin and blood urea in gentamicin treated groups. Microscopic examination of kidney showed necrosis of proximal tubular cells. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that gentamicin has toxic effects on renal tubule. Key words: Gentamicin. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v7i2.6088 Bangladesh J. Anat. 2009; 7(2) :84-86

Radioimmunoguided surgery after primary treatment of locally advanced breast cancer.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1599-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Percivale ◽  
S Bertoglio ◽  
P Meszaros ◽  
G Canavese ◽  
F Cafiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Advanced Breast ◽  
Primary Chemotherapy ◽  
Radioimmunoguided Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

PURPOSE To assess the role of radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) using a handheld intraoperative gamma-detecting probe (GDP) to identify neoplastic disease after primary chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients injected with iodine 125-labeled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with histologically documented LABC were treated with a combined modality approach. After three courses of primary chemotherapy and before modified radical mastectomy, the 125I-radiolabeled MAbs B72.3 (anti-TAG72) and FO23C5 (anti-carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]) were administered to 11 patients (group A) and 10 patients (group B), respectively. At surgery, a GDP was used to locate the primary tumor and to assess possible tumor multicentricity and the presence of ipsilateral axillary metastases. Routine pathologic examination was performed in neoplastic and normal tissue specimens of all 21 patients. In addition, immunohistochemical assay for TAG72 and CEA expression was performed. RESULTS In group A patients, RIGS identified primary tumor in seven of 11 patients (63.3%) and unpalpable multicentric tumor lesions were located in two of four (50%). Positive axillary lymph nodes were histologically documented in eight of 11 patients (72.7%) and RIGS identified three of eight (37.5%). In group B, RIGS located the primary tumor lesion in four of 10 patients (40%); in two cases, the tumor was not clinically evident. Multicentricity was observed in one of two patients and lymph node involvement in three of nine (33.3%). No false-positive results were observed in either group A or B. CONCLUSION RIGS appears to be a safe and reliable technique. However, the MAbs used in this study are not sufficiently specific. RIGS represents a technique for which the full potential for intraoperative assessment of breast cancer lesions can be reached when more specific antibodies become readily available.

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