Functional morphology and taxonomic relevance of the female genital structures in Acartiidae (Copepoda: Calanoida)

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.-M. Barthélémy
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Seminal Receptacle ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Complex Organization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Female Genital

Observations of female genital structures using light and scanning electron microscopy in 25 species of Acartiidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) show the presence of paired gonopores and egg-laying ducts with a typical semicircular configuration in all specimens. In the genus Acartiella, there is no seminal receptacle and the external genital area serves as storage site of the spermatophoral products forming an external mass. Unlike in the other acartiids, the genital structures present a complex organization with paired adjacent gonopores and copulatory pores. In almost all the species, the seminal receptacles exhibit characteristic loop-shaped seminal ducts which connect them to the egg-laying ducts. The functional morphology and taxonomic relevance of genital structures are discussed. The present results do not justify the Steuer's subgenus division of the genus Acartia, the very predominant one of the family.

Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5051 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-386
Author(s):  
SÜPHAN KARAYTUĞ ◽  
SERDAR SAK ◽  
ALP ALPER ◽  
SERDAR SÖNMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nicobar Island ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Almost All

An attempt was made to test if Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866)—as it is currently diagnosed—represents a species complex. Detailed examination and comparisons of several specimens collected from different localities suggest that L. armata indeed represents a complex of four closely related morphospecies that can be differentiated from one another by only detailed observations. One of the four species is identified as Lourinia aff. armata and the other three species are described as new to science and named as Lourinia wellsi sp. nov., L. gocmeni sp. nov., and L. aldabraensis sp. nov. Detailed review of previous species records indicates that the genus Lourinia Wilson, 1924 is distributed worldwide. Ceyloniella nicobarica Sewell, 1940, originally described from Nicobar Island and previously considered a junior subjective synonym of L. armata is reinstated as Lourinia nicobarica (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov. on the basis of the unique paddle-shaped caudal ramus seta V. It is postulated that almost all of these records are unreliable in terms of representing true Lourinia aff. armata described herein. On the other hand, the comparative evaluation of the illustrations and descriptions in the published literature indicates the presence of several new species waiting to be discovered in the genus Lourinia.                 It has been determined that, according to updated modern keys, the recent inclusion of the monotypic genus Archeolourinia Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 in the Louriniidae is not justified since Archeolourinia shermani Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 does not belong to this family but should be assigned to the Canthocamptidae. On the other hand, it has been argued that the exact phylogenetic position of the Louriniidae still remains problematic since none of the diagnostic characters supports the monophyly of the family within the Oligoarthra. It has also been argued that the close relationship between Louriniidae and Canthocamptidae is supported since both families share the homologous sexual dimorphism (apophysis) on P3 endopod. The most important characteristic that can possibly be used to define Louriniidae is the reduction of maxilliped.  

Structure of the cephalic end of two little-known oxyuroid genera, Travnema Pereira, 1938 and Cosmoxynemoides Travassos, 1949, parasites of fishes, as revealed by SEM

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Moravec ◽  
A. Kohn ◽  
B.M.M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Host ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cephalic Extremity ◽  
New Host Records ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe cephalic end of the type species of pharyngodonid genera Travnema and Cosmoxynemoides, T. travnema Pereira, 1938 and C. aguirrei Travassos, 1949, parasites of Brazilian freshwater fishes, was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The mouth aperture of Travnema was found to be circular, surrounded by four cephalic papillae and two lateral amphids and the cuticle of the cephalic end had a conspicuous dense sculpture. On the other hand, the mouth aperture of Cosmoxynemoides was triangular, surrounded by three lip-like elevations covering the whole surface of the relatively flat cephalic extremity, each with two inner lobes separated one from another by a short groove; the lip-like elevations bore four medium-sized, kidney-shaped cephalic papillae and two minute amphids (two papillae on the dorsal elevation and one papilla and one amphid on each of two ventrolateral elevations); the cuticle of the cephalic end was smooth. Both species were noted for the absence of oral lamellae and the presence of lateral alae. Both genera are listed in the family Pharyngodonidae but Travnema (and also Hakynema), due to its morphological peculiarities, is considered to represent a distinct subfamily Travnematinae within the Pharyngodonidae. The finding of both T. travnema and C. aguirrei in the characid fish Astyanax bimaculatus lacustris represents new host records.

scholarly journals Female genital structures in several families of Centropagoidea (Copepoda: Calanoida)

1998 ◽  
Vol 353 (1369) ◽  
pp. 721-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxane-M. Barthélémy ◽  
Corinne Cuoc ◽  
Danielle Defaye ◽  
Michel Brunet ◽  
Jacques Mazza
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Seminal Receptacle ◽  
Genital Atrium ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Female Genital

The female genital structures of 21 calanoid species belonging to the families Candaciidae, Centropagidae, Pontellidae, Sulcanidae, Temoridae and Tortanidae were studied using light and electron microscopy (scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy). Except the monotypic Sulcanidae, their organization conforms to a common pattern characterized by egg–laying ducts opening through paired adjacent gonopores into a small cavity, the genital atrium, covered by a genital operculum and opening to the outside through a distal atrial slit. No seminal receptacle is present and the seminal products must be stored for a brief period in the genital atrium.The genital structures occupy a well delimited genital area, the main changes in which concern their position on the ventral face of the genital double–somite, and operculum morphology. Their organization and possible mode of operation are compared with those of other calanoid families. A possible correlation between absence of seminal receptacles and mating behaviour is discussed.

scholarly journals Σύντροφος: un Terme Technique Macédonien

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μιλτιάδης Χατζόπουλος
Keyword(s):  
Roman Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All ◽  
To Receive

Σύντροφος is a term familiar to epigraphists who study Greek inscriptions of the Roman period, especially from Asia Minor, and also to epigraphists and historians of the Hellenistic period. In the former case the term applies to actual foster brothers, to wit children who have been reared together, but also to persons engaged in other forms of professional or affective relationships. Students of the Hellenistic period, on the other hand, are in disagreement. Some interpret this term as an honorific title denoting a fictitious kinship with the king, while others maintain that it qualifies persons of the same age as the king who have actually been brought up with him. The institution of syntrophoi is attested in almost all Hellenistic courts with the exception of the Ptolemies. In Macedonia the relevant evidence extends from the reign of Philip II to that of Philip V. The parallelism between courtly and civic educa- tional institutions (βασιλικοὶ παῖδες and παῖδες in the civic gymnasia, βασιλικοὶ κυνηγοὶ and civic ἔφηβοι, βασιλικοὶ νεανίσκοι and νέοι in the civic gymnasia) ought to have prepared us to expect a civic equivalent to royal σύντροφοι. Such an equivalent is now attested in Philip V’s diagramma regulating military ser- vice. It appears thus that the Macedonian “civic” syntropohoi, like the Spartan mothakes, were boys of inferior social or financial status who were raised in the family of well-to-do boys of the same age, were thus enabled to receive the same education as they in the gymnasia, and could in case of need replace their foster brothers in their miltary obligations.

scholarly journals On a new species of Spirobranchus Blainville, 1818 (Annelida: Serpulidae) and considerations on the genus along the Brazilian coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. e20206051
Author(s):  
Ivison Cordeiro Brandão ◽  
Ana Claudia dos Santos Brasil
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Spirobranchus are abundant and diverse serpulids in tropical regions, with three species reported in Brazil, which occurrence is questionable, due to their distant type localities. In the present work, we describe a new species of Spirobranchus from the Brazilian coast and report the other species of the genus occurring off Brazilian shoreline, based on specimens from different locations. Specimens were collected in the states of Alagoas, Rio de Janeiro, and Santa Catarina, sorted and analyzed under a stereoscopic microscope. Then, the animals were anesthetized and subsequently fixed and prepared for the scanning electron microscopy. Specimens from the Caribbean and other Brazilian states were loaned from Museu Nacional of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro and Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Morphological analyzes differentiated the three species and provided details of the morphology that can be used in the future taxonomy of the family. The species S. giganteus and S. tetraceros are more similar to each other, but can be readily separated based on the spiral radiolar crown in the former; S. minutus differs from the other species for the tube, operculum, and type of uncini. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp. nov. nests within S. kraussii-complex, with a concave operculum, absence of collar chaetae and paired compound eyes on the radioles, differing by being a solitary rather than a gregarious species, by the funnel-shaped operculum, fringed tonguelets and tube with single keel, distally pointed.

scholarly journals Drawing as a Periphery in Architectural Learning

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Leonor ◽  
◽  
Madeira Rodrigues ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
The Way

The conquest of a dominant place over the members of the same race, with the result of using the power such a place allows and having the acceptance of the other members for being the leaders is a characteristic of the adult relationship between almost all animal species. The former time of childhood was dedicated to the imitation of the adults and to the experimenting of behaviors, or, in other words, learning and playing. Humberto Maturama believes that humans are, in behavioral tenns, an exception, as the time of childhood is extended throughout most adult life, which defines us humans as a neotenic race, and with the use of other behaviors, we have transformed what is the usual master/slave relation of adult members from other races. Like this, the family in the way we live it, becomes a human-invented structure that implies relationships between its members which are bounded by mutual trust and love. Mutatis mutandis we spend our life repeating relationships that use the same pattern. In this way, love would be the main engine of evolution and also our greatest invention.

scholarly journals The first Report of The Parasitic Copepod Bomolochus unicirrus (Copepoda: Bomolochidae) From Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
İbrahim Demirkale ◽  
Argun Akif Özak ◽  
Yetkin Sakarya
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
The Other ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Iskenderun Bay ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, Bomolochus unicirrus Brian, 1902, a species of parasitic copepod belonging to the family Bomolochidae (Claus, 1875), was reported for the first time from the north-eastern Mediterranean waters off the Turkish coast. Parasites were collected from the gill filaments of the European barracuda, Sphyraena sphyraena(L.)captured by trawling in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. The morphological features of B. unicirrus were Redescribed and illustrated based on the newly collected material. Key diagnostic characters and newly observed details in some structures are highlighted and supported by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differences and simply overlooked details in previous descriptions of B. unicirrus, are discussed in detail. In addition, morphological comparisons between presently reported species and the other species of the genus Bomolochus Nordmann, 1832 were also presented.

Morphology of the nematode Deletrocephalus dimidiatus Diesing, 1851 from the rhea, Rhea americana Linnaeus, 1758, together with a key to species of Deletrocephalinae

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Ederli ◽  
F.C.R. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Buccal Capsule ◽  
The Other ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Rhea Americana ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe family Deletrocephalidae consists of three species, from two genera: Deletrocephalus dimidiatus, D. cesarpintoi and Paradeletrocephalus minor, which differ from one another in terms of the buccal capsule structure, the dorsal ray from the male copulatory bursa and the length of the vagina in the female. All these species are parasites of the gastrointestinal tract of the rhea, Rhea americana. Only D. dimidiatus was reported to be a parasite of the other rhea species, Darwin's rhea, R. pennata. Currently, there are no studies on the ultrastructure and biology of these parasites or their pathogenicity in these birds. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the ultrastructure and add more details of the morphology of D. dimidiatus from R. americana. Four adult rheas were necropsied, and the gastrointestinal tract was collected and examined for the presence of parasites. Nematodes were analysed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All birds were parasitized by D. dimidiatus. Some morphological and morphometric characters were observed that differ from reports of other studies of this species by other authors. In addition, new details were added, well described by SEM, and a key to the species of the subfamily Deletrocephalinae is given.

Structure, ultrastructure et essai d'interprétation fonctionnelle de l'appareil génital femelle d'Hemidiaptomus ingens provinciae et de Mixodiaptomus kupelwieseri (Copepoda, Calanoida). II. L'aire génitale

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2579-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Cuoc ◽  
Jean Arnaud ◽  
Michel Brunet ◽  
Jacques Mazza
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Receptacle ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Circular Section ◽  
Genital Segment ◽  
Genital Area ◽  
Double Function

The genital area in Hemidiaptomus ingens provinciae and Mixodiaptomus kupelwieseri is made up of several external and internal solidary cuticular components, which connect the genital ducts with the outside. Its outer part, which is located on the ventral side of the genital segment, is delimited by an ovoid cuticular fold and by two swelling processes, one dorsal and the other ventral. The center is occupied by two operculums, which are separated from a median wall by two crescent-shaped genital apertures. The inner part of the area essentially includes two U-shaped ducts by which the oviducts are connected to the genital apertures. During egg laying, to allow oocytes and oviductal secretions to be carried out through the genital apertures, the ducts take a more or less circular section, owing to the contraction of muscles attached to their wall. At this stage, the genital area is entirely masked by a temporary external seminal receptacle. The genital area assumes a double function in reproduction: first, in stocking spermatozoa in the seminal receptacle, and second, in allowing oocyte laying and fecondation as they are pushed into the ovisac.

Spending Our Capital

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ehrenfeld
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
York City ◽  
The Other ◽  
Earned Income ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Hunting And Gathering ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All

A deeply felt aversion to spending accumulated capital is an ancient part of the heritage of most societies. Although my father was a doctor, not a businessman, he taught this to me. He had lived through the bankruptcy of his own parents during the Great Depression, watching as they gradually sacrificed the inventory of their store in Passaic to keep the family in food and clothing. On one side of this store, my grandfather sold records, phonographs, and sewing machines and repaired the appliances that he sold; on the other side, my grandmother, a brilliant dress de-signer, prepared bridal gowns for customers who came from as far away as New York City. She would dress the brides on the wedding day, too, and was celebrated for her ability to make the plainest bride look beautiful. But as the depression wore on, business fell off, the customers stopped coming from New York, and the stock of goods dwindled away. There was no choice but to close the store; my grandparents’ livelihood was gone forever. Later, my father and the oldest of his four brothers made it a priority to pay their parents’ creditors in full, a decision that entailed sacrifices in itself. The lesson was handed down to me: you can spend your earned income and any interest you may have received, providing you first set aside a portion to increase your savings; but never spend the principal, your capital, except as an act of final desperation. To most of us, capital is associated with business, yet the habit of pre-serving capital and handing it on to the next generation started, I am pretty sure, not as an economic or financial practice, but as an agricultural one. In Neolithic societies, it must have begun when farming replaced hunting and gathering as the main source of food. From Anatolia to North Africa to Peru, the staple grains of wheat, rice, corn, millet, oats, barley, and rye, the legumes such as peas and beans, and other vegetables from squashes to radishes, were almost all annual crops.

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