Quaternary marine terrace chronology, North Canterbury, New Zealand, using amino acid racemization and infrared-stimulated luminescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O.S. Oakley ◽  
Darrell S. Kaufman ◽  
Thomas W. Gardner ◽  
Donald M. Fisher ◽  
Rebecca A. VanderLeest
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bayesian Model Averaging ◽  
Model Averaging ◽  
Amino Acid Racemization ◽  
The North ◽  
Infrared Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
Mis 5E

AbstractExtensive marine terraces along the North Canterbury coast of the South Island of New Zealand record uplift in this tectonically active area. Although the terraces have been studied previously, applications of Quaternary geochronological techniques to the region have been limited. We use infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL), amino acid racemization (AAR), and radiocarbon to determine ages of terraces at three locations—Glenafric, Motunau Beach, and Haumuri Bluff. We develop an AAR calibration curve for the mollusk speciesTawera spissafrom sites of known age, including the sedimentary sequence of the Whanganui Basin. Bayesian model averaging of the results is used to estimate ages of marine shells from the North Canterbury terraces. By using both IRSL and AAR, we are able to confirm ages using two independent dating methods and to identify one IRSL result that is likely in error. We develop new age estimates for the marine terraces of North Canterbury and propose correlations between sites. This terrace chronology differs significantly from most previous studies, highlighting the importance of numerical dating. The most extensive terraces are from marine isotope stages (MISs) 5a and 5c, with partial reoccupation of one terrace during MIS 3, whereas MIS 5e terraces are notably lacking among those dated.

scholarly journals The last interglacial sea-level record of New Zealand (Aotearoa)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre D. Ryan ◽  
Alastair J. H. Clement ◽  
Nathan R. Jankowski ◽  
Paolo Stocchi
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Mis 5

Abstract. This paper presents the current state-of-knowledge of the New Zealand (Aotearoa) last interglacial (MIS 5 sensu lato) sea-level record compiled within the framework of the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS) database. Seventy-seven total relative sea-level (RSL) indicators (direct, marine-, and terrestrial-limiting points), commonly in association with marine terraces, were identified from over 120 studies reviewed. Extensive coastal deformation around New Zealand has resulted in a significant range of elevation measurements on both the North Island (276.8 to −94.2 msl) and South Island (173.1 to −70.0 msl) and prompted the use of RSL indicators to estimate rates of vertical land movement; however, indicators lack adequate description and age constraint. Identified RSL indicators are correlated with MIS 5, MIS 5e, MIS 5c, and MIS 5a and indicate the potential for the New Zealand sea-level record to inform sea-level fluctuation and climatic change within MIS 5 (sensu lato). The Northland (North Island) and Otago (South Island) regions, historically considered stable, have the potential to provide a regional sea-level curve in a remote location of the South Pacific across broad degrees of latitude. Future work requires modern analogue information, heights above a defined sea-level datum, better stratigraphic descriptions, and use of improved geochronological methods. The database presented in this study is available open-access at this link: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4056376 (Ryan et al., 2020a).

scholarly journals Last interglacial (MIS 5e) sea-level proxies in southeastern South America

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-197
Author(s):  
Evan J. Gowan ◽  
Alessio Rovere ◽  
Deirdre D. Ryan ◽  
Sebastian Richiano ◽  
Alejandro Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Amino Acid Racemization ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
Infrared Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Coastal Deposits ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Terrace Level

Abstract. Coastal southeast South America is one of the classic locations where there are robust, spatially extensive records of past high sea level. Sea-level proxies interpreted as last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e, MIS 5e) exist along the length of the Uruguayan and Argentinian coast with exceptional preservation especially in Patagonia. Many coastal deposits are correlated to MIS 5e solely because they form the next-highest terrace level above the Holocene highstand; however, dating control exists for some landforms from amino acid racemization, U∕Th (on molluscs), electron spin resonance (ESR), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL), and radiocarbon dating (which provides minimum ages). As part of the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS) database, we have compiled a total of 60 MIS 5 proxies attributed, with various degrees of precision, to MIS 5e. Of these, 48 are sea-level indicators, 11 are marine-limiting indicators (sea level above the elevation of the indicator), and 1 is terrestrial limiting (sea level below the elevation of the indicator). Limitations on the precision and accuracy of chronological controls and elevation measurements mean that most of these indicators are considered to be low quality. The database is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991596 (Gowan et al., 2020).

Stratigraphy and timing of eolianite deposition on Rottnest Island, Western Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Hearty
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
The West ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Amino Acid Racemization ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Radiometric Ages ◽  
Mis 5E

AbstractOver 100 whole-rock amino acid racemization (AAR) ratios from outcrops around Rottnest Island (32.0° S Latitude near Perth) indicate distinct pulses of eolian deposition during the late Quaternary. Whole-rock d-alloisoleucine/l-isoleucine (A/I) ratios from bioclastic carbonate deposits fall into three distinct modal classes or “aminozones.” The oldest, Aminozone E, averages 0.33 ± 0.04 (n = 21). Red palaeosol and thick calcrete generally cap the Aminozone E deposits. A younger Aminozone C averages 0.22 ± 0.03 (n = 63); comprising two submodes at 0.26 ± 0.01 (n = 14) and 0.21 ± 0.02 (n = 49). Multiple dune sets of this interval are interrupted by relatively weak, brown to tan “protosols.” A dense, dark brown rendzina palaeosol caps the Aminozone C succession. Ratios from Holocene dune and marine deposits (“Aminozone A”) center on 0.11 ± 0.02 (n = 15), comprising submodes of 0.13 ± 0.01 (9) and 0.09 ± 0.01 (6). Calibration of A/I averages from Aminozones E and A are provided by U/Th and 14C radiometric ages of 125,000 yr (marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 5e and 2000–6000 14C yr B.P. (MIS 1), respectively. The whole-rock A/I results support periodic deposition initiated during MIS 5e, continuing through MIS 5c, and then peaking at the end of MIS 5a, about 70,000–80,000 yr ago. Oceanographic evidence indicates the area was subjected to much colder conditions during MIS 2–4 (10,000 to 70,000 yr ago), greatly slowing the epimerization rate. Eolianite deposition resumed in the mid Holocene (∼6000 yr ago) up to the present. The A/I epimerization pathway constructed from Rottnest Island shows remarkable similarity to that of Bermuda in the North Atlantic (32° N Latitude). These findings suggest that, like Bermuda, the eolian activity on Rottnest occurred primarily during or shortly after interglacial highstands when the shoreline was near the present datum, rather than during glacial lowstands when the coastline was positioned 10–20 km to the west.

Development of Quaternary travertines in the carbonate mountains of the western Costa del Sol, Málaga, southern Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-200
Author(s):  
Antonio Guerra-Merchán ◽  
Francisco Serrano ◽  
José M. García-Aguilar ◽  
José E. Ortiz ◽  
Trinidad Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
The South ◽  
Amino Acid Racemization ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
The North

AbstractThe predominantly carbonate nature of the mountains near the coast of Málaga and Marbella (Costa del Sol, southern Spain) and the presence of springs have favored the formation of travertine buildups during the Quaternary. The geomorphic characteristics of the slopes and the location of the springs have determined the development of three types of travertine growths: (1) spring travertines, located preferentially on the south mountainside, where the slope is steepest; (2) pool-dam-cascade travertines, which form along the north and east edges, far from the carbonate relief and with a gentler slope; and (3) river-valley travertines, formed in the courses of the springs of any sector. Field observations combined with new amino acid racemization (AAR) dating of Helicidae gastropods show that most of the travertine formations are polyphasic and that their development was interrupted by stages of erosion and incision. Five stages of travertine development are evident, most of which are related to warm, moist episodes corresponding to marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 7, 5, 3, and 1, although local travertine growth also occurred during MIS 6 and during the transition from MIS 3 to 2.

Development of a Late Quaternary Marine Terraced Landscape during On-Going Tectonic Contraction, Crescent City Coastal Plain, California

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Polenz ◽  
Harvey M. Kelsey
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Thrust Fault ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Marine Terrace ◽  
Crescent City ◽  
The North ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Tectonically Active

The Crescent City coastal plain is a low-lying surface of negligible relief that lies on the upper plate of the Cascadia subduction zone in northernmost California. Whereas coastal reaches to the north in southern Oregon and to the south near Cape Mendocino contain flights of deformed marine terraces from which a neotectonic history can be deduced, equivalent terraces on the Crescent City coastal plain are not as pronounced. Reexamination of the coastal plain revealed three late Pleistocene marine terraces, identified on the basis of subtle geomorphic boundaries and further delineated by differentiable degrees of soil development. The youngest marine terrace is preserved in the axial valley of a broad syncline, and the two older marine terraces face each other across the axial region. An active thrust fault, previously recognized offshore, underlies the coastal plain, and folding in the hanging wall of this thrust fault has dictated, through differential uplift, the depositional limits of each successive marine terrace unit. This study demonstrates the importance of local structures in coastal landscape evolution along tectonically active coastlines and exemplifies the utility of soil relative-age determinations to identify actively growing folds in landscapes of low relief.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Quantitative Precipitation Forecasting Using Bayesian Model Averaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (9) ◽  
pp. 3209-3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mc Lean Sloughter ◽  
Adrian E. Raftery ◽  
Tilmann Gneiting ◽  
Chris Fraley
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Bayesian Model Averaging ◽  
Model Averaging ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Ensemble Member ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Precipitation Forecasting ◽  
The North

Abstract Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is a statistical way of postprocessing forecast ensembles to create predictive probability density functions (PDFs) for weather quantities. It represents the predictive PDF as a weighted average of PDFs centered on the individual bias-corrected forecasts, where the weights are posterior probabilities of the models generating the forecasts and reflect the forecasts’ relative contributions to predictive skill over a training period. It was developed initially for quantities whose PDFs can be approximated by normal distributions, such as temperature and sea level pressure. BMA does not apply in its original form to precipitation, because the predictive PDF of precipitation is nonnormal in two major ways: it has a positive probability of being equal to zero, and it is skewed. In this study BMA is extended to probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasting. The predictive PDF corresponding to one ensemble member is a mixture of a discrete component at zero and a gamma distribution. Unlike methods that predict the probability of exceeding a threshold, BMA gives a full probability distribution for future precipitation. The method was applied to daily 48-h forecasts of 24-h accumulated precipitation in the North American Pacific Northwest in 2003–04 using the University of Washington mesoscale ensemble. It yielded predictive distributions that were calibrated and sharp. It also gave probability of precipitation forecasts that were much better calibrated than those based on consensus voting of the ensemble members. It gave better estimates of the probability of high-precipitation events than logistic regression on the cube root of the ensemble mean.

scholarly journals MARINE TERRACES AND THEIR TECTONIC DEFORMATION ON THE NORTHEAST COAST OF THE NORTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND

1980 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torao YOSHIKAWA ◽  
Yoko OTA ◽  
Nobuyuki YONEKURA ◽  
Atsumasa OKADA ◽  
Nozomi ISO
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Tectonic Deformation ◽  
The North ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Northeast Coast

scholarly journals Post-IR IRSL dating of K-feldspar from last interglacial marine terrace deposits on the Kamikita coastal plain, northeastern Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi Ito ◽  
Toru Tamura ◽  
Sumiko Tsukamoto
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
Marine Terrace ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Infrared Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Northeastern Japan ◽  
Fading Rate ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Ne Japan

Abstract To establish a suitable luminescence dating protocol for marine terrace deposits in Japan, we tested the applicability of K-feldspar post-infrared (IR) infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) (pIRIR) dating using a marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e terrace deposit from the Kamikita coastal plain (NE Japan), where independent age control from a tephra is available. One of the most commonly used pIRIR signals, measured at 290°C with the first IR stimulation temperature at 50°C (pIRIR50/290), faded with a mean g2days value of 1.94 ± 0.19%/decade. In contrast, the pIRIR signal with a higher first IR stimulation temperature of 200°C (pIRIR200/290) had a much lower fading rate (g2days = 0.16 ± 0.49%/decade). The average fading-uncorrected and -corrected pIRIR200/290 ages of MIS 5e subtidal sediments obtained from two sampling sites were 126 ± 3 ka and 132 ± 2 ka, which is in good agreement with the independent age control. We conclude that is it is now possible to use pIRIR protocol to estimate the ages of not only marine terraces formed during MIS 5 substages (5a, 5c) but also of older marine terraces, for which age evidence is limited.

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