Value extremity contributes to affective polarization in the US

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Enders ◽  
Robert N. Lupton
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Opposing Party ◽  
The Us ◽  
Attitude Extremity ◽  
Core Value

Abstract A wealth of research documents the rise of affective polarization, or the increasing disdain for the out-party in American politics. In this paper, we analyze ANES data from 1988 to 2016 to investigate the contribution of core value polarization to the phenomenon of out-party enmity. We find that greater differences in fundamental principles relate significantly to emotionally intense evaluations of the opposing party and its candidates, as well as the ideological out-group, independent of issue attitude extremity and the strength of one's partisan and ideological identities. Moreover, ANES panel data from 1992 to 1996 reveal that past value extremity promotes future affective polarization. These results are important for our understanding of the nature and extent of value-based polarization in American politics.

Refusal to Mourn

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Runions
Keyword(s):  
American Politics ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Civil Religion ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
American People ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
The Public ◽  
American Civil Religion ◽  
The Us ◽  
Robert Bellah

In her recent book Precarious Life, Judith Butler points out that not more than ten days after 9/11, on 20 September 2001, George W. Bush urged the American people to put aside their grief; she suggests that such a refusal to mourn leads to a kind of national melancholia. Using psychoanalytic theory on melancholia, this article diagnoses causes and effects of such national melancholia. Further, it considers how a refusal to mourn in prophetic and apocalyptic texts and their interpretations operates within mainstream US American politics like the encrypted loss of the melancholic, thus creating the narcissism, guilt, and aggression that sustain the pervasive disavowal of loss in the contemporary moment. This article explore the ways in which the texts of Ezekiel, Micah, Revelation, and their interpreters exhibit the guilt and aggression of melancholia, in describing Israel as an unfaithful and wicked woman whose pain should not be mourned. These melancholic patterns are inherited by both by contemporary apocalyptic discourses and by the discourse of what Robert Bellah calls ‘American civil religion’, in which the US is the new Christian Israel; thus they help to position the public to accept and perpetuate the violence of war, and not to mourn it.

True Crimes: Rodolfo Walsh and the Role of the Intellectual in Latin American Politics

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McCaughan
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Open Letter ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Dirty War ◽  
Death Squad ◽  
The Us ◽  
Own Name ◽  
The Military

Rodolfo Walsh was a writer of crime novels, a tireless investigative journalist who uncovered real political crimes, an instant historian of a turbulent and violent era in Argentinian and Latin American politics. He was in Cuba in 1960, participating in setting up the first revolutionary press service in Latin America, "Prensa Latina", when a coded telex arrived in their offices by mistake. After sleepless nights and with one cryptography manual, Walsh deciphered the plans for the US invasion of Cuba being planned in Guatemala by the CIA. Walsh was active in the Montonero guerrilla in Argentina, co-ordinating information and intelligence work. In that capacity he made public the existence of ESMA, the Naval Mechanics School which was the main military torture centre. In his own name he wrote an Open Letter to the Military Junta, a year from the coup and a day before his death, denouncing the dirty war. He was gunned down in the streets of Buenos Aires by a military death squad. This is an account of Rudolfo Walsh's life. It includes extended excerpts from his varied writings.

Essays in applied economics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebecca L. Whitworth
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Applied Economics ◽  
Corporate Debt ◽  
Overlapping Generations Model ◽  
Fiat Money ◽  
The Us ◽  
Value Added Modeling

This dissertation examines several themes in applied economics. Specifically, Essay 1 examines the dynamics in an overlapping generations model with three-period lived agents, fiat money, and credit, Essay 2 reviews literature on value-added modeling and discusses a paper previously published, Essay 3 concludes by examining efficiency in the US bond market. While Essay 1 examines dynamics and 2 reviews tools used in estimating panel data, Essay 3 combines elements of both-empirically evaluating the efficiency of the bond market by looking at the movement of prices through time. That is, deriving the integral over t of the bond spread. While opportunities for more work exists, this paper suggests that the US Bond Market (the market for corporate debt) is informationally efficient, though it takes longer to converge than previously reported in the literature.

Tempest

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-106
Author(s):  
James C. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Era ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Teapot Dome ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Navy

Chapter four explores Harry Sinclair's involvement in the notorious Teapot Dome oil scandal. Republican Warren G. Harding's landslide victory in the 1920 presidential election marked a new direction in American politics, ending the Progressive Era and ushering in a pro-business climate that would further enrich men like Sinclair and facilitate the return of American horseracing to national prominence. New secretary of the interior Albert B. Fall transferred oil reserves held by the US Navy in Wyoming to Sinclair. As news of the shady deal spread, Sinclair debuted his colt Zev, named after the oilman's attorney, William Zevely, who was a facilitator of the corrupt bargain. Zev would surpass Man o' War's all-time American earnings record, and his twenty-three career wins would include scores in the Kentucky Derby, Belmont Stakes, and the Race of the Century against English champion Papyrus.

Comparison of International Differences in the Volatility of Economic Growth and Non-Performing Loan Ratio: A Statistical Study Based on the Quantile Regression Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094-1101
Author(s):  
Song Qin ◽  
Zhenlei Wang ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Quantile Regression Model ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

What is the level of non-performing loans in China’s banking sector and in different countries? Has the relationship between economic growth and the non-performing loan ratio changed? Is there a difference in the effect of the economic growth of different economies on the rate of non-performing loans in the banking sector? This study analyzes the relationship between economic growth and the non-performing loan ratios and characteristics of 13 countries from 2005-2014 based on quantile regression models with panel data. The results showed that the relationship between economic growth and the non-performing loan ratio was positive before the financial crisis in 2008 but was negative after 2008. The non-performing loan ratio in Canada, Mexico, and the US was low before 2008 and high after 2008. The impact of economic growth on the non-performing loan ratio was more significant for countries with a high non-performing loan ratio than for countries with a low non-performing loan ratio.

Toxic masculinity in American politics: Donald Trump’s tweeting activity in the US presidential election (2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margalida Pizarro-Sirera
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Gender Performativity ◽  
White House ◽  
The Us ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
History Of ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Purpose

In the US presidential election of 2016, Donald Trump’s connection with his voters marked the history of American politics by electing a political outsider to the White House. Under a feminist scope, this article examines Donald Trump’s Twitter account. The central purpose of this article is threefold: first, to scrutinize Trump’s tweeting activity and his dissemination of hegemonic toxic masculinity through this platform; second, to assess the unfavourable representation of Hillary Clinton’s decentred femininity and third, to examine how Trump’s performative toxic masculinity immediately connected with his voters’ cultural capital via Twitter. Finally, through an analysis of the impact of Trump’s tweets on his followers, the findings from this study will highlight that Clinton’s decentred gender performativity and Trump’s shared capital with his voters may well have been a fundamental tenet of Donald Trump’s victory.

scholarly journals Taxation and the International Mobility of Inventors

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 2930-2981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ufuk Akcigit ◽  
Salomé Baslandze ◽  
Stefanie Stantcheva
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
European Patent ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Location Choices ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
The Us

We study the effect of top tax rates on “superstar” inventors' international mobility since 1977, using panel data on inventors from the US and European Patent Offices. We exploit the differential impact of changes in top tax rates on inventors of different qualities. Superstar inventors' location choices are significantly affected by top tax rates. In our preferred specification, the elasticity to the net-of-tax rate of the number of domestic superstar inventors is around 0.03, while that of foreign superstar inventors is around 1. These elasticities are larger for inventors in multinational companies. An inventor is less sensitive to taxes in a country if his company performs a higher share of its research there. (JEL F22, F23, H24, H31, J61, O31, O34)

scholarly journals Awareness, Partisanship and the Post-Convention Bounce: A Memory-Based Model of Post-Convention Presidential Candidate Evaluations Part II—Empirical Results

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Grimmer
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Presidential Candidate ◽  
Presidential Election Of 2000 ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Political Partisanship ◽  
The Us ◽  
Candidate Evaluations ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
Using Data

This paper continues an analysis, begun in the December 2004 issue, that employed panel data to estimate the effects of awareness and political partisanship on post-convention candidate evaluations. The derivation of a theoretical framework was discussed in Part 1 [1]. Empirical results using data from the US presidential election of 2000 are discussed in the present article. We find that partisans of the opposite party were more resistant to the convention message of Bush than Gore, that awareness played a greater role in determining a predicted post-convention change for Gore, and that Gore’s message was received and accepted at a higher rate than Bush’s message.

scholarly journals Deepening Crisis of the US Political System: Causes, Signs and Consequences

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Natalia TRAVKINA ◽  
Vladimir VASILIEV
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Zero Sum Games ◽  
Opposing Party ◽  
The Us ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
Trump Administration

The most important background element of a profound crisis of the US political system has been the steady decline of the American public confidence in government. Fundamental changes have occurred in the mechanism used in Washington to adopt major reforms and other initiatives, which are now carried out exclusively on a one-party basis. In turn, this further reinforces political polarization, leading to a triumph of destructive “zero-sum games” when the ruling party’s objective boils down to dismantling the legacy left by the opposing party. All that has become particularly vivid under the Trump administration in 2017–2019.

scholarly journals The Development of an Organizational Safety Culture in the United States Forest Service

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Flores ◽  
Emily Haire
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Forest Service ◽  
Organizational Safety ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Forest Service ◽  
Core Value ◽  
Organizational Safety Culture

Abstract For over 100 years, the US Forest Service (USFS) has developed initiatives to improve safety outcomes. Herein we discuss the engineered solutions used from 1910 through 1994, when the agency relied on physical science to address the hazards of wildland fire suppression. We then interpret safety initiatives of the subsequent 25 years, as the USFS incorporated social science perspectives both into its understanding of emergency fire incidents and its mitigation of vulnerabilities across all fields of work. Tracing the safety programs using a historical sociology approach, we identify, within the agency’s narrative, three recent developments in its organizational safety culture: cultural awareness, cultural management, and cultural reorganization. This article describes how the development of top-down safety initiatives are questioned and shaped by employees who actively influence the trajectory of a safety culture in the USFS. Study Implications: Safety is a core value of the US Forest Service (USFS), and several safety initiatives, along with employee feedback over the years, have shaped the organizational culture of the agency. To build a robust and world-renowned safety culture in high-risk industries, managers require an understanding of the origins of their organization’s current safety culture. Using a critical social science analytical lens, we discuss how safety initiatives and the development of a safety culture position organizations such as the USFS to move away from reactionary safety initiatives and anchor to employee safety as a core value in order to absorb external shocks, such as rapidly changing ecosystems, development in the wildland urban interface, and larger and more intense wildfires.

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