SHAPING PRECOLONIAL CONCEPTS IN THE ANDES: THEUSHNUFOR LLOCLLAYHUANCUPA (HUAROCHIRÍ, LIMA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ramón
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Function Form ◽  
Andean Archaeology ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Typological Approach ◽  
Huarochiri Manuscript

In precolonial Andean archaeology, specialists frequently deal with objects whose names and functions are unknown. Similarly, early colonial documents from the Andes often mention objects without describing their shapes or functions. How can we articulate these three features—names, shapes, and functions—for objects from precolonial and colonial periods? How can we define these objects while taking into account intra-Andean variability? This article addresses these questions using one section from a well-known document of the early seventeenth century, the Huarochirí Manuscript. This section includes a term extensively discussed in Andean archaeology:husnoorushnu, which has been translated and described in various ways by diverse scholars. Through analysis of the function, form, and translation of the Quechua termushnu, I explore a typological approach to articulate names, shapes, and functions and also propose a redefinition of the concept itself.

Majolica in the Early Colonial Andes: The Role of Panamanian Wares

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross W. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Spanish Colonial ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Elite Status ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

As one of the most common artifact categories found on Spanish colonial sites, the wheel-made, tin-glazed pottery known as majolica is an important chronological and social indicator for archaeologists. Initially imported from Europe, several manufacturing centers for majolica were set up in the New World by the late sixteenth century. The study of colonial majolica in the Viceroyalty of Peru, which encompassed much of South America, has received less attention than ceramic production and trade in the colonial Caribbean and Mesoamerica. Prior to 1650 the Viceroyalty of Peru was supplied with majolica largely produced in the city of Panama Vieja, on the Pacific. Panama Vieja majolica has been recovered from throughout the Andes, as far south as Argentina. Majolica made in Panama Vieja provides an important chronological indicator of early colonial archaeological contexts in the region. The reproduction of Iberian-style majolica for use on elite tables was symbolically important to the imposition of Spanish rule, and thus Panamanian majolicas also provide an important indicator of elite status on Andean colonial sites.

Europeans, Mestizos and Slaves: The Population of Colombo At The End Of The Seventeenth Century

Itinerario ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Knaap
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
White Women ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Widespread Belief ◽  
English East India Company

In India under the English East India Company, it was said: “Necessity is the mother of invention and the father of the Eurasian”. This saying is based on the widespread belief that, during the first centuries of their presence in Asia, European men were to a large extent dependent on “non-white” women for their sexual contacts. The character of these early colonial settlements is therefore often described as non-European. Their population is characterised as a melting-pot of ethnic groups, dependent on the uneuropean institution of slavery. The cultural values this entailed were far from those of the mother countries, certainly not those of the (Calvinist) Netherlands.

Note on the Life of Francisco de Cárdenas Valencia

1945 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Eleanor B. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Bibliographical Note ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Erroneous Belief ◽  
History Of

Very little has been known about the life of the seventeenth century Yucatecan historian, Francisco de Cárdenas Valencia, author of the Relación historial eclesiástica de la provincia de Yucatán. He completed this important work on the early colonial history of Yucatan in February, 1639, but although it was known and used by Diego López de Cogolludo and later historians, it remained unpublished for nearly three hundred years. In 1937 it was finally printed in the Biblioteca histórica mexicana de obras inéditas. In his bibliographical note to this edition, Federico Gómez de Orozco tells the history of the manuscript, refuting the erroneous belief that Cárdenas Valencia wrote two works, but he does not give much new data concerning its author.

Note on the Life of Francisco de Cárdenas Valencia

1945 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Eleanor B. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Bibliographical Note ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Erroneous Belief ◽  
History Of

Very little has been known about the life of the seventeenth century Yucatecan historian, Francisco de Cárdenas Valencia, author of the Relación historial eclesiástica de la provincia de Yucatán. He completed this important work on the early colonial history of Yucatan in February, 1639, but although it was known and used by Diego López de Cogolludo and later historians, it remained unpublished for nearly three hundred years. In 1937 it was finally printed in the Biblioteca histórica mexicana de obras inéditas. In his bibliographical note to this edition, Federico Gómez de Orozco tells the history of the manuscript, refuting the erroneous belief that Cárdenas Valencia wrote two works, but he does not give much new data concerning its author.

scholarly journals A strontium isoscape for the Conchucos region of highland Peru and its application to Andean archaeology

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248209
Author(s):  
Eden Washburn ◽  
Jason Nesbitt ◽  
Bebel Ibarra ◽  
Lars Fehren-Schmitz ◽  
Vicky M. Oelze
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Andean Archaeology ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Geological Formations

Strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analysis of human skeletal remains is an important method in archaeology to examine past human mobility and landscape use. 87Sr/86Sr signatures of a given location are largely determined by the underlying bedrock, and these geology specific isotope signatures are incorporated into skeletal tissue through food and water, often permitting the differentiation of local and non-local individuals in past human populations. This study presents the results of a systematic survey of modern flora and fauna (n = 100) from 14 locations to map the bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr signatures of the Conchucos region, an area where the extent of geologic variability was previously unknown. We illustrate the necessity to examine the variation in 87Sr/86Sr values of the different geological formations available to human land use to document the range of possible local 87Sr/86Sr values. Within the Conchucos region we found significant variation in environmental 87Sr/86Sr values (0.7078–0.7214). The resulting isoscape represents the largest regionally specific bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr map (3,840 km2) to date for the Andes, and will serve as a baseline for future archaeological studies of human mobility in this part of the Peruvian highlands.

scholarly journals Public Engagement through Burial Landscapes: Cupids and Ferryland, Newfoundland

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Robyn Sarah Lacy
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Burial Practices ◽  
British Occupation ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Modern Landscape ◽  
Burial Grounds

British occupation of Newfoundland dates to the early 1600s with the founding of settlements such as Cupids and Ferryland. While records of deaths exist at both colonies, their seventeenth-century burial grounds have not been located. Historic burial grounds in Newfoundland come with certain characteristic features: surviving gravestones in a rocky landscape, views of the ocean, and often a large cross on top of a hill. Though not visible at the sites in question, these ‘lost’ burial landscapes can be employed as an engagement tool by archaeologists. By exploring a ‘lost’ burial landscape with visitors, a dialogue is opened to speculate where the settlers were buried and why. While indirect, discussing these themes with visitors provokes thought on historic vs. modern burial practices and acknowledges the seventeenth-century dead within the context of the modern landscape. This article aims to explore the use of burial landscapes to engage visitors in a conversation about early colonial history, but also about mortality in both historic and modern contexts.

Religion in the Andes: Vision and Imagination in Early Colonial Peru

Ethnohistory ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Joanne Rappaport ◽  
Sabine MacCormack ◽  
Frank Salomon ◽  
George L. Urioste
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Peru ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Early Colonial
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