Evaluation of broad-spectrum anthelmintic activity in a novel assay against Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and T. sigmodontis in the gerbil Meriones unguiculatus

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Ostlind ◽  
S. Cifelli ◽  
W.G. Mickle ◽  
S.K. Smith ◽  
D.V. Ewanciw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Macrocyclic Lactone ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Trichostrongylus Colubriformis ◽  
Separate Part ◽  
Laboratory Assay

AbstractThe gerbil Meriones unguiculatus, infected with three species of nematodes, each located in a separate part of the gastrointestinal tract, provided a reliable laboratory assay for the evaluation of broad-spectrum anthelmintic activity. Gerbils harbouring 6-day-old infections of Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and T. sigmodontis were given selected broad-spectrum anthelmintics by gavage. Three benzimidazoles, thiabendazole, oxfendazole and albendazole, a tetrahydropyrimidine, morantel, an imidazothiazole, levamisole hydrochloride, a macrocyclic lactone, ivermectin and an experimental natural product, paraherquamide, were active against all three nematodes at various dosages. Trichostrongylus colubriformis was most sensitive to levamisole hydrochloride, morantel, thiabendazole and paraherquamide whereas ivermectin, oxfendazole and albendazole were more effective against H. contortus. All compounds were active against the caecal nematode T. sigmodontis although it was less sensitive than T. colubriformis. Haemonchus contortus was more sensitive than T. sigmodontis to all anthelmintics tested except thiabendazole.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic activity of Cymbopogon citratus against Haemonchus contortus

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara Tersia Freitas Macedo ◽  
Lorena Mayana Beserra de Oliveira ◽  
Wesley Lyeverton Correia Ribeiro ◽  
Jessica Maria Leite dos Santos ◽  
Kaline das Chagas Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Egg Hatching

Parasitic nematodes are of major economic importance in livestock. An alternative for the control of parasites is phytotherapy. This study evaluated the efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus decoction (CcD), C. citratus essential oil (CcEo) and citral against Haemonchus contortus using in vitro egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT) and an in vivo test using a Meriones unguiculatus (gerbil) model. The effect of 800 mg/kg CcEo was evaluated in gerbils that had been artificially infected with 5,000 third-stage H. contortus larvae. The effective concentrations required to inhibit 50% (EC50) of egg hatching were 0.46, 0.14 and 0.13 mg/mL for CcD, CcEo and citral, respectively. The EC50 values in the LDT were 5.04, 1.92 and 1.37 mg/mL for CcD, CcEo and citral, respectively. H. contortus population in the group treated with C. citratus essential oil was reduced by 38.5% (P< 0.05) in comparison to the control group. These results suggest that it may be possible to use C. citratusessential oil to control of H. contortus parasite of small ruminant.

scholarly journals In vitro action of Mimosa caesalpinifolia ketone extract on Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Rodrigues Barros Brito ◽  
Livio Martins Costa Júnior ◽  
João Luis Garcia ◽  
Suzana Gomes Lopes ◽  
Giselle Cutrim de Oliveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Trichostrongylus Colubriformis ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Egg Hatchability

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic activity of Mimosa caesalpinifolia (sabiá) ketone extract, which is rich in condensed tannins (CT), on Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. The leaves and stems of M. caesalpinifolia were collected, dried in the shade, and ground to a dry powder from which ketone extracts were obtained for in vitro assays. The extracts were diluted in 5% acetone and PBS to concentrations in the range 0.25-2.80 mg mL-¹ and the inhibition of egg hatchability was assayed. Feces collected from goats naturally infected with H. contortus (55%) and T. colubriformis (45%) were macerated and the helminth eggs were collected to conduct in vitro egg hatchability tests. Nematode larvae collected from the feces were used for a larval exsheathment inhibition assay of M. caesalpinifolia leaf and M. caesalpinifolia leaf and stem ketone extracts at concentrations of 0.6 and 1.2 mg mL-¹; three replicates were performed for each concentration. PBS was used as a negative control. Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) was added to the extracts to assess the effect of phenolic compounds on anthelmintic activity. An inhibitory effect of 80.7% and 82.3% was observed on hatchability after treatment with 1.0 and 2.0 mg mL-¹ M. caesalpinifolia leaf ketone extract, respectively. An inhibition rate lower than 75% was observed for 1.0 mg mL-¹ M. caesalpinifolia leaf and stem ketone extract. The M. caesalpinifolia leaf ketone extract larval exsheathment assay resulted in inhibition of 97.3% and 99.8% at concentrations of 0.6 and 1.2 mg mL-¹, respectively. For the leaf and stem ketone extract, the larval exsheathment inhibition was 94.3% at 1.2 mg mL-¹. The leaf and leaf and stem extracts showed no inhibitory effects on larval exsheathment after the addition of PVPP. These results showed that cuticular loss was related to the action of the phenolic compounds in the M. caesalpinifolia extracts. M. caesalpinifolia leaf ketone extract inhibited egg hatchability, but the leaf and stem extract showed lower efficiency, which indicated a greater abundance of active compounds in the leaves. The M. caesalpinifolia ketone extracts were effective in the inhibition of larval exsheathment at the highest concentration tested. Based on these results, in vivo studies should be performed to demonstrate the anthelmintic activity of this plant in goats.

Efficacy of combination anthelmintics against multiple resistant strains of sheep nematodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 946 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Le Jambre ◽  
P. J. Martin ◽  
A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Macrocyclic Lactones ◽  
Trichostrongylus Colubriformis ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
Teladorsagia Circumcincta ◽  
Resistant Strains

Broad-spectrum anthelmintics were tested for their efficacy in either single active or combination formulations against multiple anthelmintic-resistant strains of Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Three efficacy trials based on post mortem worm counts showed that the triple and quadruple combinations of benzimidazoles, levamisole, macrocyclic lactones and closantel were effective against most strains that were resistant to each of the components when drenched individually. Consequently, use of any one of these classes of anthelmintics by itself against multiple-resistant strains would lead to a rapid increase in the level of resistance. When used in combinations, the anthelmintics reduced the survival rate of most strains to <5%. However, because some strains of T. circumcincta and T. colubriformis were found to be resistant to all combinations currently marketed in Australia, it is clear that combinations should be used before resistance levels become too high.

in vivo anthelmintic activity of Syzygium cumini leaves against Haemonchus contortus in sheep

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
LDR Oliveira ◽  
JPHV Miranda ◽  
GS Curado ◽  
JP Costa Neto ◽  
BF Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Syzygium Cumini

Haemonchus contortus: in vivo anthelmintic activity of leaves of anacardium humile

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
LDR Oliveira ◽  
JPHV Miranda ◽  
GS Curado ◽  
JP Costa Neto ◽  
BF Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity

Chemical characterization and in vitro anthelmintic activity of Citrus bergamia Risso and Citrus X paradisii Macfad essential oil against Haemonchus contortus Kirby isolate

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 105869
Author(s):  
Vivien Patricia Garbin ◽  
Beatriz Munguía ◽  
Jenny Carolina Saldaña ◽  
Cícero Deschamps ◽  
Roger Raupp Cipriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Citrus Bergamia

Essential oils from Ocimum basilicum cultivars: analysis of their composition and determination of the effect of the major compounds on Haemonchus contortus eggs

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I.P. Sousa ◽  
C.R. Silva ◽  
H.N. Costa-Júnior ◽  
N.C.S. Silva ◽  
J.A.O. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The continuous use of synthetic anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) has resulted in the increased resistance, which is why alternative methods are being sought, such as the use of natural products. Plant essential oils (EOs) have been considered as potential products for the control of GINs. However, the chemical composition and, consequently, the biological activity of EOs vary in different plant cultivars. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of EOs from cultivars of Ocimum basilicum L. and that of their major constituents against Haemonchus contortus. The EOs from 16 cultivars as well the pure compound linalool, methyl chavicol, citral and eugenol were used in the assessment of the inhibition of H. contortus egg hatch. In addition, the composition of three cultivars was simulated using a combination of the two major compounds from each. The EOs from different cultivars showed mean Inhibition Concentration (IC50) varying from 0.56 to 2.22 mg/mL. The cultivar with the highest egg-hatch inhibition, Napoletano, is constituted mainly of linalool and methyl chavicol. Among the individual compounds tested, citral was the most effective (IC50 0.30 mg/mL). The best combination of compounds was obtained with 11% eugenol plus 64% linalool (IC50 0.44 mg/mL), simulating the Italian Large Leaf (Richters) cultivar. We conclude that different cultivars of O. basilicum show different anthelmintic potential, with cultivars containing linalool and methyl chavicol being the most promising; and that citral or methyl chavicol isolated should also be considered for the development of new anthelmintic formulations.

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